FOUNDATION YEAR

CHEMISTRY UNIT 1

Thermochemistry Guided Learning Activity

Part A: Energy

1. What is system and surrounding in a chemical reaction?

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2. What term is used when heat is absorbed by a reaction? What happens to the surroundings?

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3. What term is used when heat is released by a reaction? What happens to the surroundings?

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4. Where is energy stored within a compound?

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5. What is the SI unit of energy?

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Part B: Thermochemical Reactions

1. For the reaction described by the following equation:

S(s) + H2(g) → H2S(g) + 20.2 kJ mol–1

a. Is this an exothermic or endothermic reaction?

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b. Rewrite the equation to include a ∆H term.

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15 November 2021
c. What is ∆H for the reverse reaction?

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d. Draw the energy profile (enthalpy diagram) for the reaction.

e. Calculate the amount of energy released when 3.2 mol of S reacts.

f. Calculate the amount of energy released when 20.0 g of H2S is produced.

2. For the reaction described by the following equation:
MgCO3(s) → MgO(s) + CO2(g) ∆H = +117.3 kJ mol–1

a. Is heat absorbed or released in the reaction?

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b. Draw the energy profile (enthalpy diagram) for the reaction.

c. What is ∆H for the reverse reaction?

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d. Calculate the energy change (absorbed or released) when 35.5 g of CO2 reacts with excess MgO.
3. Consider a chemical reaction where ∆H = +50 kJ mol–1 and Ea = 110 kJ mol–1

a. Draw the energy profile (enthalpy diagram) for the reaction.

b. Draw the energy profile (enthalpy diagram) for the reverse reaction.

c. Calculate Ea for the reverse reaction.

4. Calculate the ∆H and Ea for a reverse reaction where the ∆H and Ea for the forward reaction are as
follows:

∆H = –30 kJ mol–1 and Ea = 12 kJ mol–1

5. Calculate the ∆H for the reaction described by the following equation:

C2H2(g) + H2(g) → C2H4(g)

Given:

(i) 2C2H2(g) + 5O2(g) → 4CO2(g) + 2H2O(l) ∆H = –2599.2 kJ mol–1

(ii) C2H4(g) + 3O2(g) → 2CO2(g) + 2H2O(l) ∆H = –1410.9 kJ mol–1

(iii) H2(g) + ½O2(g) → H2O(l) ∆H = –285.8 kJ mol–1

6. Given:

(i) N2O4(g) + ½O2(g) → N2O5(g) ∆H = +1.67 kJ mol–1

(ii) HNO3(g) → ½N2O5(g) + ½H2O(l) ∆H = –2.96 kJ mol–1

Calculate ∆H for the reaction represented by the following equation:

N2O4(g) + H2O(l) + ½O2(g) → 2HNO3(g)

Questions in Part D are optional questions – they are NOT examinable

Part D: Entropy

1. Entropy can be described as a measurement of disorder of a reaction. Which of the following would you
see an increase in disorder? Explain why.

a. A molecule is broken into two or more smaller molecules.

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b. A reaction occurs that results in an increase in the number of moles of gas.

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c. Water evaporating from a beaker.

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d. A precipitation reaction.

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2. Would you see and increase or decrease in entropy for the following processes or reactions? Explain
why.

a. HCl(g) + NH3(g) → NH4Cl(s)

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b. NaCl(s) → Na+(aq) + Cl–(aq)

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