Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Division of Quezon
LOPEZ NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL
Lopez, Quezon

PROJECT PROFILE

Project Title: The Effect of Gallus Gallus Domesticus (Chicken) Bone and Crushed
oyster shells on Chili Plants Growth

Name of Project Proponent: TALAIN, ERIKA ANNE Q.

CANTARA, ROY ANGELO D.
FEDELIS, SHANNEN RHANE

Region: IV-A CALABARZON Division: QUEZON

School: LOPEZ NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL Grade: 9
Duration:
Email: royangelocantarajr09@gmail.com Contact no: 09625415715

CATEGORY OF RESEARCH THEME

__ Physical Science __Food Safety
__ Life Science __Water Conservation
__ Robotics and Intelligent Machines __ Cyber Security
__ Mathematics and Computational __Traffic Road Congestion
Sciences __Health
__Disaster Mitigation
__ Individual __Agriculture and Environment
__ Team __Others (please specify)
___________________

Table of Contents

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Division of Quezon
LOPEZ NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL
Lopez, Quezon

A. Rationale
B. Significance of the Study
C. Objectives
D. Hypothesis
E. Methods
F. Materials and Procedures
G. Treatments and General Procedure
H. Scope and Limitations
I. Risk and Safety
J. Data Analysis
K. Definition of Terms
L. References

RATIONALE

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Division of Quezon
LOPEZ NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL
Lopez, Quezon

Specifically biodegradable waste is hard to decompose and challenging for the people
in the Philippines. Chicken bone and oyster shells are the most common staple foods in the
Philippines and in Lopez, Quezon because they are much more affordable than other meats.
According to the USDA, the first quarter of 2022 saw a 13% year-over-year growth in the
production of chicken meat at big poultry farms, which are still mostly untouched by highly
pathogenic avian influenza (Kinsley, 2022). Moreover, empty seashells are typically viewed
as garbage since they have no value to humans. Empty shells are dumped everywhere, adding
to the large amounts of solid trash in the environment (Hapinat, 2020). For these reasons,
researchers developed an approach for evaluating the impact of oyster shells and chicken
bones on the growth of plants. This study may help in the reduction of waste and in
promoting rapid and healthy plant development, particularly for farmers. Based on the
investigations, there are a lot of studies about fertilizer using chicken bones and crushed
oyster shells. However, the student researchers discovered that there are still many waste
chicken bones in Lopez Quezon, and the oyster shells are typically viewed as garbage since
they have no value to humans. So the student researchers made a fertilizer for the growth of
the chili plant. This study can help in the reduction of waste, particularly for farmers. To
address this gap, a study can be conducted to investigate the impact of these two materials on
the growth, yield, and nutrient uptake of chili plants, which may provide valuable insights for
chili cultivation. The aim of this study is the following: To determine the effect of the
application of chicken bone and crushed oyster shells on the growth of chili plants. To know
the suitability of chicken bones and crushed oyster shells on the growth of chili plants.

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

This part contains valuable information about this research's benefits and its beneficiaries.

To the farmers, this research can benefit them by supplying new information about
fertilizing chili plants with crushed oyster shells and chicken bones. This study can help them
plant chili plants more effectively.
To the students, this research can benefit them by improving their knowledge about
the benefits of crushed oyster shells and chicken bones on the growth of chili plants. This can
also help them experience how to take care of and plant chili plants.
To the citizens, Chicken can be an ingredient in meals and even used as a dish. This
type of meat is affordable and there are a lot of people who love eating chicken, so it will be
easier to get some chicken bones. Crushed oyster shells can be found on a beach and also this
can be used to improve the plant's productibility. So, even regular people can produce it and
use it as a fertilizer for chili plants.

OBJECTIVES

The main goal of this study is to ascertain how applying crushed oyster shells and
chicken bones affects the growth of chili plants. The specific goal of this study is to

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Division of Quezon
LOPEZ NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL
Lopez, Quezon

determine whether crushed oyster shells and chicken bones are suitable for the establishment
of chili plants.

HYPOTHESES

1. H0: The application of chicken bone and crushed oyster shells cannot utilize the
growth of the chili plant.
H1: The application of chicken bone and crushed oyster shells can utilize the growth
of chili plants.
2. H0: The effects of chicken bone and crushed oyster shells have no significant effect
on the growth of plants.
H1: The effects of chicken bone and crushed oyster shells have a significant effect on
the growth of plants.

MATERIALS AND PROCEDURE

To achieve the goal of the researchers in examining the effects of chicken bone and
crushed oyster shells on the growth of chili plants the researchers will utilize a range of
resources, materials, and procedures. The key components are chicken bone, crushed oyster
shells, chili plant, and soil. The researchers will collect chicken bones and crushed oyster
shells, ensuring they are clean and free from contaminants. Crush the oyster shells into small
particles to facilitate better soil incorporation. Next, grind the chicken bones to create a bone
meal rich in phosphorus, which supports root development.

TREATMENT AND GENERAL PROCEDURES

The experimentation consists of two (2) independent variables the two chili plants that
will receive the chicken bone and crushed oyster shells treatment. It also consists of one (1)
dependent variable the chili plant that will receive a regular treatment.

In an experimental design, the researcher gathered three(3) chili plants and randomly
assigned each plant to each set-up. There are three(3) total set-ups for this experimentation.
Set-up one (1) will receive 1 tbsp of chicken bone crushed oyster shells(fertilizer) and 30 mm
of water per week. Set-up two (2) will receive 2 tbsp of chicken bone and crushed oyster
shells (fertilizer) and 40mm per week. And lastly, Set-up three(3) will just receive 1 liter of
water.

SCOPE AND LIMITATION

The main reason this study looks at using crushed oyster shells and chicken bones in
gardening is because of their possible advantages as soil additions. Crushed oyster shells

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Division of Quezon
LOPEZ NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL
Lopez, Quezon

supply calcium and aid in enhancing soil structure, while chicken bones supply phosphate
and calcium that promote plant growth. However, depending on variables like soil
composition and plant species, their effect on the growth of chili plants. The limitations of
this study are that the chicken bones take time to decompose and release nutrients. Also,
chicken bones may not contribute to soil structure improvement.

RISK AND SAFETY

There are risks that the researchers may encounter in the method of crushing the
chicken bones and crushed oyster shells into powder. A sharp knife and A food grinder will
be used to cut chicken bones and crushed oyster shells; therefore, the researchers will keep
their attention, and they will also use a steel finger guard to protect their hands when cutting.

DATA ANALYSIS

To conduct this study researchers will gather data through a combination of field
observations, experimenting, and measurements.
1. Observation: Observing the effects of chicken bone and crushed oyster shells on
chili plant growth can provide valuable insights.
2. Experimental: Experimenting with chicken bone and crushed oyster shells on chili
plant growth involves preparing different soil mixtures.
3. Measurement: To measure the impact of chicken bone and crushed oyster shells on
chili plant growth, consider variables like plant height and leaf size.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Chili Plant

Red pepper, or capsicum annum, is a popular spice in South American origins [45]. It
is made up of capsaicinoids, which include capsaicin. Capsaicin inhibits substance P, a
neurotransmitter, which in turn lowers inflammation and keratinocyte growth [45]. In
psoriatic lesions, substance P triggers the inflammatory process and results in angiogenesis,
vasodilatation, and keratinocyte hyperproliferation [46]. In research by Wang and colleagues
[46], substance P in psoriatic lesions was reduced, and capsaicin's effectiveness was higher
than that of the control group. Seven of the ten patients with severe psoriasis vulgaris in an 8-
week open trial by Kürkçüoğlu et al. showed a significant improvement in their erythema,
scaling, and itching with capsaicin [45] (Ünlü, 2022).

Loam Soil

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Division of Quezon
LOPEZ NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL
Lopez, Quezon

Soil classified as loam is the fourth kind. It's a blend of sand, silt, and clay with all of
their advantageous qualities combined. For example, it is more suited for farming because of
its capacity to hold onto moisture and minerals. This soil has humus and is also known as
agricultural soil because it contains an equilibrium of silt, clay, and sand, as well as other soil
material types. Its inorganic origins also contribute to its increased pH and calcium levels.

Crushed oyster shells

A crushed oyster shell is a natural fertilizer and can be used as an alternative liming
material to restore the soil's chemical and microbial properties to improve plant productivity
and growth. According to Han et al. (2003), an Enormous amount of oyster shell waste has
been illegally disposed of at oyster farm sites along the southern coast of Korea. To seek the
possibility to recycle the waste as construction materials, the chemical and mechanical
characteristics of crushed oyster shells were investigated. Chemical and microstructure
analyses showed that oyster shells are predominantly composed of calcium carbonate with
rare impurities.

Chicken bone

Chicken bone is one of these wastes, which is mostly not utilized or is limitedly used
in the manufacturing of animal feeds, pet foods, and fertilizers. Some countries prohibit the
use of animal wastes in feed production and apply legal limitations (Lefferts et al., 2007).
Therefore, alternative ways in the utilize of chicken bone are highly desirable. One of these
alternatives might be used in the manufacturing of collagen products. However, bone is a
very complex composite material including fibrous collagen surrounded by an extremely
dense material, calcium apatite crystals (Meyers et al., 2008).

REFERENCES

Cansu, Ü., & Boran, G. (2015). Optimization of a Multi-Step Procedure for Isolation of
Chicken Bone Collagen. Korean Journal for Food Science of Animal Resources,
35(4), 431–440. https://doi.org/10.5851/kosfa.2015.35.4.431

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 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IV-A CALABARZON
Division of Quezon
LOPEZ NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL
Lopez, Quezon

Hapinat, H. (2020). Waste from discarded Oyster shells: A promising raw material for lime
industry in the Philippines. https://ap.fftc.org.tw/article/1398

Kisley, N. (2022). Popularity of chicken meat continues in the Philippines.

https://www.poultryworld.net/the-industrymarkets/market-trends-analysis-the-
industrymarkets-2/popularity-of-chicken-meat-continues-in-the-philippines/

Types of soil. (n.d.)https://byjus.com/biology/types-of-soil/

Ünlü, B.(2022). The species Capsicum annum L. is used to manufacture a pprika extract for
food coloration. https://www.sciencedirect.com/topics/agricultural-and-biological-
sciences/capsicum-annuum

Yoon, G.-L., Kim, B.-T., Kim, B.-O., & Han, S.-H. (2003). Chemical–mechanical
characteristics of crushed oyster shell. Waste Management, 23(9), 825–834.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0956-053X(02)00159-9

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