Republic of the Philippines

Department of Education
Region IVA-CALABARZON
Division of Quezon
LOPEZ NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IVA-CALABARZON
Division of Quezon
LOPEZ NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL

PROJECT PROFILE

Project Title: “Exploring Effectiveness Natural Filtration Systems for Water

Purification: Sand, Cocos Nucifera (Coconut Husk), Cocos Nucifera (Coconut Shell),
gravel, and Ostreidae (Oysters)”

Names of Project Proponent: Serdon, Eljiah E.

Anacion, Justine B.
Gutlay, Craigreynz Gabriel O.
Region: IV CALABARZON Division: QUEZON
School: LOPEZ NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL Grade: 9
nd th
Duration: 2 to 4 Quarter

CATEGORY OF RESEARCH THEME

___√___Physical Science _______Food Safety

_______Life Science ___√___Water Conservation
_______Robotics and Intelligent Machines _______Cyber Security
_______Mathematics and Computational _______Traffic Road Congestion
Sciences _______Health
_______Disaster Mitigation
_______Agriculture and Environment
_______Others ( please specify )
_______Individual _________________________
___√___Team

I.RESEARCH PLAN
RATIONALE

The water in Lopez is one of the issues; when it floods, the locals lose access to

water. There is a well here in our area that provides access to water when there is none

available; however, it is filthy due to rain, and occasionally kids will hurl stones there.

Another concern is that people wash their clothes and take baths there, which could be the

cause of their illnesses. Water scarcity can be exacerbated by the unequal distribution of
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IVA-CALABARZON
Division of Quezon
LOPEZ NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL

water resources. Some barangays may have abundant water resources, while others face

water shortages due to geographical factors or inadequate infrastructure for water

management and distribution. Inefficient water management practices, such as over-

extraction, pollution, and a lack of infrastructure for storage and distribution, can

contribute to water scarcity. There are many areas that have not been thoroughly researched

regarding the lack of water, including the potential for new technologies, such as

desalination, to provide a sustainable source of water in water-scarce regions. While

numerous studies have explored the physical health consequences of water scarcity, there is

a research gap in understanding the long-term psychological and emotional impacts of

living in water -stressed environments. Examining the mental health challenges faced by

individuals and communities affected by water scarcity can provide insights into the

holistic impacts of this issue. There is some research on the gendered impacts of water

scarcity; more studies are needed to understand how women and girls are

disproportionately affected by limited water access and the associated social, economic,

and health consequences. Investigating the gendered dynamics of water scarcity can inform

gendersensitive interventions and policies. Also, we need to create a storage system for

water for use during dry periods, like water banking, which involves storing excess water

during wet periods for use during dry periods. Research could investigate how water

banking systems can be optimized and scaled up to provide water for communities,

agriculture, and ecosystems.

RESEARCH QUESTIONS
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IVA-CALABARZON
Division of Quezon
LOPEZ NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL

1. What is the effectiveness of using coconut husk, coconut shell, gravel, oyster shell, and

sand as filter media in natural filtration systems?

2. What are the advantages of using coconut husk, coconut shell, gravel, oyster shell, and

sand in natural filtration systems compared to other filter media?

3. How do coconut husk, coconut shell, gravel, oyster shell, and sand contribute to the

filtration process in natural filtration systems?

EXPECTED OUTCOMES

A natural filtration system using coconut husk, coconut shell, gravel, oyster shell,

and sand is expected to deliver several positive outcomes. Firstly, it can significantly

improve water quality by effectively removing impurities, sediment, and contaminants. The

combination of these filter media utilizes their natural properties to trap particles, absorb

pollutants, and enhance the filtration process. However, the effectiveness of the filtration

system will depend on the quality of the water source, the design of the filtration system,

and how well the system is maintained. Moreover, this filtration system is a sustainable

and eco-friendly solution, as the materials used are renewable resources.

PROCEDURES

The first step in making a water filtration system using these materials is to gather
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IVA-CALABARZON
Division of Quezon
LOPEZ NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL

the necessary supplies. This includes a large container, such as a plastic drum or bucket, a

piece of cloth or mesh to act as a filter.

Next, the container should be drilled with several small holes near the bottom to

allow the filtered water to flow out. The cloth should be placed over the top of the

container to act as the first layer of filtration to remove larger sediment and debris.

The next layer of the water filtration system should consist of a thick layer of

coconut husk or coconut shell.

After the coconut husk or shell layer, a layer of gravel should be added. Following

the gravel layer, a layer of oyster sand or other fine sand can be added to further filter out

any remaining debris and impurities.

Finally, the water filtration system should be tested by pouring contaminated water

into the container and allowing it to filter through the layers. The filtered water should be

collected in a separate container and tested for purity.

RISK AND SAFETY

The researchers may encounter risks in creating the product so safety precautions

will be considered. The filtration materials may accumulate contaminants over time,

potentially leading to decreased effectiveness and secondary pollution. There will be also

risks in Natural filtration systems because it may require regular maintenance to remain

effective, posing logistical challenges in certain environments.

DATA ANALYSIS

The research team will analyze the data collected during the filtration testing to

determine the effectiveness of the filtration system. Statistical analysis may be used to
 Republic of the Philippines
Department of Education
Region IVA-CALABARZON
Division of Quezon
LOPEZ NATIONAL COMPREHENSIVE HIGH SCHOOL

identify any significant differences between the various filtration materials.

BIBLIOGRAPHY

REFERENCES

Baker, P., & Nieuwenhuijsen, M. J. (2020) Enhanced Sand Filtration for Storm Water

Phosphorus Removal

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666784322000390

Eftekhar B, Skini M, Shamohammadi M, Ghaffaripour J, Nilchian F.(2015, Sep )The

Effectiveness of Home Water Purification Systems on the Amount of Fluoride in

Drinking Water. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4623834/

Luo et al.,(2013)Waste oyster shell as a kind of active filler to treat the combined

wastewater at an estuary. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.01.014

Park et al.,(2000) Roles of oyster shells in an integrated constructed wetland system

designed for P removal. https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/12/3377