NAME: RODAS, EVELYN EDLENE JOY P.
DATE: APRIL 12, 2022
GROUP AND SECTION: BSN2E-2A (GRP. 14)
DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF ACTION INDICATION/
CONTRAINDICATION
GENERIC: Diazepam Modulates postsynaptic effects of INDICATION/S:
GABA-A transmission, Management of anxiety disorders or for
BRAND: Valium increasing presynaptic inhibition. the short-term relief of the symptoms of
Appears to act on part of the anxiety. Anxiety or tension associated
THERAPEUTIC: limbic system, as well as on the with the stress of everyday life usually
Antianxiety Agents, thalamus and hypothalamus, to does not require treatment with an
Anticonvulsants, induce a calming effect. anxiolytic. In acute alcohol withdrawal.
Sedative/Hypnotics, Skeletal
Muscle Relaxants (centrally Valium may be useful in the symptomatic
acting) relief of acute agitation, tremor,
impending or acute delirium tremens, and
PHARMACOLOGIC: hallucinosis.
Benzodiazepines
Valium is a useful adjunct for the relief of
DOSAGE: 10mg skeletal muscle spasms due to reflex
spasms to local pathology (such as
ROUTE: Oral inflammation of the muscles or joints, or
secondary to trauma), spasticity caused
by upper motor neuron disorders (such as
cerebral palsy and paraplegia), athetosis,
and stiff-man syndrome.
Oral Valium may be used adjunctively in
convulsive disorders, although it has not
proved useful as the sole therapy.
CONTRAINDICATION/S:
Valium is contraindicated in patients with
a known hypersensitivity to diazepam
NAME OF CI: JOSEPHINE GUMARAO MINGER
ADVERSE EFFECTS
CNS: Drowsiness, fatigue, ataxia,
confusion, paradoxic rage, dizziness,
vertigo, amnesia, vivid dreams,
headache, slurred speech, tremor;
EEG changes, tardive dyskinesia.
CV: Hypotension, tachycardia,
edema, cardiovascular collapse.
EENT: Blurred vision, diplopia,
nystagmus.
GI: Xerostomia, nausea, constipation,
hepatic dysfunction.
Urogenital: Incontinence, urinary
retention, gynecomastia (prolonged
use), menstrual irregularities,
ovulation failure.
SKIN: Rashes
Respiratory: Hiccups, coughing,
laryngospasm.
Other: Pain, venous thrombosis,
phlebitis at the injection site.
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
BEFORE
• Verify patient.
• Check for allergies.
• Assess vital signs.
• Educate the patient about the drug.
DURING
• Monitor for adverse reactions.
• Observe/monitor the patient from time to
time.
• Encourage the patient to verbalize feelings
and concerns.
AFTER
• Assess vital signs.
• Assess for any adverse reactions.
• Encourage the patient to immediately report
any untoward reactions to the physician/nurse.

DRUG NAME
GENERIC: Phytonadione (Vitamin
K)
BRAND: Mephyton
CLASS: Vitamins
THERAPEUTIC: Promotes liver
synthesis of clotting factors by an
unknown mechanism. Do not reverse
the anticoagulant action of heparin.
Reportedly demonstrates a wide
margin of safety when used in
newborns.
DOSAGE: 0.5-1 mg immediately
after delivery
ROUTE: IM/SC, Can also be given
by mouth as drops, but doses aren’t
as effective
and, because of lack of sufficient clinical
experience, in pediatric patients under 6
months of age. Valium is also
contraindicated in patients with
myasthenia gravis, severe respiratory
insufficiency, severe hepatic
insufficiency, and sleep apnea syndrome.
It may be used in patients with open-
angle glaucoma who are receiving
appropriate therapy but is contraindicated
in acute narrow-angle glaucoma.
MECHANISM OF ACTION INDICATION/CONTRAINDICATION
Fat-soluble naphthoquinone INDICATION/S:
derivative chemically identical to
and with similar activity as naturally Blood clotting; prevents hemorrhagic
occurring vitamin K. Vitamin K is disease of the newborn (HDN).
essential for hepatic biosynthesis of
blood clotting Factors II, VII, IX,
and X CONTRAINDICATION/S:
Hypersensitivity to AquaMEPHYTON;
severe liver disease.
ADVERSE EFFECTS
CNS: Headache (after an oral dose),
brain damage, death.
GI: Gastric upset. Hematologic:
Paradoxic hypoprothrombinemia
(patients with severe liver disease),
severe hemolytic anemia.
METABOLIC:
Hyperbilirubinemia, kernicterus.
Respiratory: Bronchospasm,
dyspnea, the sensation of chest
constriction, respiratory arrest.
Skin: Pain at the injection site,
hematoma and nodule formation,
erythematous skin eruptions (with
repeated injections).
Special Senses: Peculiar taste
sensation.
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
BEFORE
• Prepare medication properly.
• Hold the infant’s leg tightly.
• Educate the mother about the
medication.
DURING
• Administer via IM injection,
anterolateral aspect of thigh or
deltoid region is preferred.
• Aspirate carefully to avoid IV
injection
AFTER
• Apply gentle pressure to the site
following injection.
• Monitor for any untoward

DRUG NAME
GENERIC: Tranexamic Acid
BRAND: Lysteda
CLASS: Antihemophilic Agent
THERAPEUTIC: Hemostatic
Agent
PHARMACOLOGIC:
Antifibrinolytic
DOSAGE:
Maximum dose: 1g IV
Minimum Dose: 0.5g IV
ROUTE: IVTT
MECHANISM OF ACTION
Tranexamic acid competitively
inhibits activation of plasminogen
(via binding to the Kringle domain),
thereby reducing the conversion of
plasminogen to plasmin
(fibrinolysin), an enzyme that
degrades fibrin clots, fibrinogen,
and other plasma proteins, including
the procoagulant factors V and VIII
A: 100% bioavailable with IV
administration D: Penetrates readily
into the joint fluid and synovial
membranes M and E. 95% excreted
unchanged the in urine
Onset. Unknown
Peak. Unknown Duration: 7-8hours
Drug Half-Life: 6 hours
INDICATION/CONTRAINDICATION
INDICATION/S:
Treatment of excessive bleeding resulting
from systemic or local hyperfibrinolysis >
prophylaxis in patients with coagulopathy
undergoing surgical procedures.
Treatment of excessive bleeding resulting
from systemic or local hyperfibrinolysis.
CONTRAINDICATION/S:
Hypersensitivity, Active Intravascular,
Clotting, Acquired defective color vision,
Subarachnoid, Hemorrhage.
ADVERSE EFFECTS
CNS: Dizziness
EENT: Visual abnormalities
CV: Hypotension,
thromboembolism thrombosis
Gl: Diarrhea, nausea, vomiting
reactions.
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
BEFORE
• Check the Doctor’s Order
• Verify Patient
• Check for allergies
• Observe the 10 rights of
administering medications.
• Educate the patient about the
medication.
DURING
• Administer medication as ordered.
• Monitor for any untoward
reactions.
• Do not use this medication without
telling your doctor if you are
breastfeeding a baby
AFTER
• Instruct the patient to immediately
report any untoward reactions to the
physician or nurse.
• Advise patient to take the
medication exactly as directed.
• Store this medication at room
temperature away from moisture and

DRUG NAME
GENERIC: Bacillus Calmette-
Guerin live
BRAND: TICE BCG
THERAPEUTIC: Antituberculotic
PHARMACOLOGIC: Biological
Response Modifier
DOSAGE: 0.05mL
ROUTE: Intradermal
MECHANISM OF ACTION
BCG vaccine is an attenuated strain
of bacillus Calmette-Guerin
Mycobacterium Bovis used as a
biological response modifier. It is
also used as an active
Immunotherapy for the treatment of
bladder carcinoma in situ by
Causing a local, chronic
inflammatory response involving
macrophage and leukocyte
infiltration of the bladder, resulting
in the destruction of superficial
tumor cells of the urothelium.
INDICATION/CONTRAINDICATION
INDICATION/S:
Active immunization against tuberculosis.
Prophylaxis of carcinoma in situ of the
urinary bladder.
Prophylaxis of primary Ta and/orT1
papillary tumors following transurethral
resection.
Prophylaxis of recurrent Ta and/orT1
papillary tumors following transurethral
resection.
Treatment of carcinoma in situ of the
urinary bladder.
CONTRAINDICATION/S:
Hypersensitivity. Impaired immune
response, Congenital or acquired | Immune
deficiencies (e.g., HIV-infection, leukemia,
lymphoma cancer therapy, Hodgkin's
disease), active tuberculosis, acute severe
febrile illness, generalized infected skin
conditions, current or previous _ evidence of
BCG infection, urinary tract infection, gross
hematuria, <14 days of biopsy, TUR, or
traumatic catheterization Concomitant
therapy with immunosuppressive agents,
ADVERSE EFFECTS
CNS: malaise, fever
GI: nausea, vomiting, anorexia,
diarrhea
GU: dysuria, urinary frequency,
hematuria, cystitis, urinary urgency,
nocturia, urinary incontinence,
urinary tract infection, cramps, pain,
decreased bladder capacity,
nephrotoxicity, genital pain
HEMATOLOGIC: anemia,
leukopenia
HEPATIC: liver dysfunction
MUSCULOSKELETAL: myalgia,
arthralgia
OTHER: hypersensitivity reaction,
chills; disseminated mycobacterial
infection; lymphadenopathy (Tice
BCG)
heat.
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
BEFORE
• Check the Doctor’s Order
• Verify patient
• Check for allergies
• Educate the mother about the
benefits of immunization.
DURING
• Check for Doctor’s order
• Administer intradermally on the
deltoid area.
• Observe sterility in administering
the medication
AFTER
• Instruct parents about the potential
reactions and report any occurrence.
• Instruct the parents on good
personal hygiene and to keep
vaccination up to date.

DRUG NAME
GENERIC: Xylocaine (lidocaine)
BRAND: Lidopen
CLASS: Local Anesthetic
THERAPEUTIC: It prevents pain
by blocking the signals at the nerve
endings in the skin.
PHARMACOLOGIC: Stabilizes
the neuronal membrane by inhibiting
the ionic fluxes required for the
initiation and conduction of
impulses, thereby giving local
anesthetic action.
DOSAGE: 10mL
ROUTE: Intramuscular
MECHANISM OF ACTION
Similar to those of procainamide
and quinidine, but has little effect on
myocardial contractility, AV and
intraventricular conduction, cardiac
output, and systolic arterial pressure
in equivalent doses. Exerts
antiarrhythmic action (Class IB) by
suppressing automaticity in the His-
Purkinje system and by elevating
the electrical stimulation threshold
of the ventricle during diastole.
Action as a local anesthetic is more
prompt, more intense, and longer-
lasting than that of procaine.
bone marrow depressants, antibiotics
radiation therapy
INDICATION/CONTRAINDICATION ADVERSE EFFECTS
INDICATION/S: CNS: Drowsiness, dizziness, light-
headedness, restlessness, confusion,
Prevention and control of pain in procedures disorientation, irritability,
involving the male and female urethra apprehension, euphoria, wild
excitement, numbness of lips or
tongue, and other paresthesia
including sensations of heat and
CONTRAINDICATION/S: cold, chest heaviness, difficulty in
speaking, difficulty in breathing or
Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase swallowing, muscular twitching,
(G6PD) deficiency tremors, psychosis. With high
methemoglobinemia, a type of blood doses: convulsions, respiratory
disorder depression, and arrest.
a type of slowed heart rhythm disorder
called heart block CV: With high doses, hypotension,
decreased lung function bradycardia, conduction disorders
liver problems including heart
seizures block, cardiovascular collapse, and
a condition where the body is unable to cardiac arrest.
maintain adequate blood flow called shock
large open wound Special Senses: Tinnitus, decreased
anemia from pyruvate kinase and G6PD hearing; blurred or double vision,
deficiencies impaired color perception.
sepsis.
SKIN: Site of topical application
may develop erythema and edema.
GI: Anorexia, nausea, vomiting.
Body as a Whole: Excessive
perspiration, soreness at IM site,
local thrombophlebitis (with
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
BEFORE
• Check Doctor’s Order
• Verify Patient
• Assess Pain level
• Assess Injection site
• Prepare medications
• Educate the patient about the
function of the medication
DURING
• Assess injection site
• Monitor for any untoward reactions
• Instruct patient to verbalize
feelings and concerns.
AFTER
• Assess injection site
• Assess pain level
• Instruct the patient to immediately
report any untoward reactions to the
physician or nurse.

DRUG NAME MECHANISM OF ACTION
GENERIC: Carboprost Carboprost is a synthetic
Tromethamine prostaglandin. It binds the
prostaglandin E2 receptor, causing
BRAND: Hemabate myometrial contractions, causing
the induction of labor or the
THERAPEUTIC: Abortifacient expulsion of the placenta.
Prostaglandins occur naturally in the
PHARMACOLOGIC: body and act at several sites in the
Prostaglandin body including the womb (uterus).
They act on the muscles of the
DOSAGE: 250mcg/mL womb, causing them to contract.
ROUTE: IM
INDICATION/CONTRAINDICATION
INDICATION/S:
In patients with a history of asthma, hypo-
or hypertension, cardiovascular, renal, or
hepatic disease, anemia, jaundice, diabetes,
or epilepsy
Hepatic Impairment and Renal Impairment
CONTRAINDICATION/S:
Incomplete abortion, trauma; Benzyl alcohol
hypersensitivity; Infection; Caesarean
section, surgery; Chorioamnionitis; Cardiac
disease, hypertension; Hypotension;
Asthma, pulmonary disease; Anemia,
diabetes mellitus, hepatic disease, jaundice,
renal disease, seizure disorder
Children, infants, neonates, Pregnancy and
Breast-feeding
prolonged IV infusion),
hypersensitivity reactions (urticaria,
rash, edema, anaphylactoid
reactions).
ADVERSE EFFECTS
CNS: headache, anxiety, hot
flashes, paresthesia, syncope,
weakness, fever.
CV: chest pain, arrhythmias,
flushing.
EENT: blurred vision, eye pain.
GI: vomiting, diarrhea, nausea.
GU: endometritis, uterine rupture,
uterine or vaginal pain.
Musculoskeletal: backache.
Respiratory: cough, wheezing.
Skin: rash, diaphoresis.
Other: chills, breast tenderness, leg
cramps.
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
BEFORE
• Assess vital signs
• Check for allergies
• Check Doctor’s order and verify
the patient.
DURING
• Assist patient in taking medication
if needed.
• Monitor for any adverse reactions.
• Instruct patient to verbalize
feelings and concerns.
AFTER
• Assess the effectiveness of the
medications
• Monitor for adverse effects
• Instruct the patient to immediately
notify the physician or nurse of the
occurrence of adverse reactions.
 DRUG NAME
GENERIC: Oxytocin Injection
BRAND: Pitocin
THERAPEUTIC: Uterine- Active
PHARMACOLOGIC: Posterior
Pituitary Hormone
DOSAGE: 10 units/mL
ROUTE: IV/IM
MECHANISM OF ACTION
It increases the sodium permeability
of uterine myofibrils, indirectly
stimulating the contraction of the
uterine smooth muscle. The uterus
responds to oxytocin more readily in
the presence of high estrogen
concentrations and with the
increased duration of pregnancy.
INDICATION/CONTRAINDICATION
INDICATION/S:
Stimulation of uterine contraction during the
third stage of labor and control of
postpartum bleeding or hemorrhage.
CONTRAINDICATION/S:
Hypersensitivity to oxytocin, Significant
cephalometric disproportion, fetal
intolerance of labor, Hypertonic uterine
patterns., Anticipated nonvaginal delivery.
ADVERSE EFFECTS
Body as a Whole: Fetal trauma
from too rapid propulsion through
the pelvis, fetal death, postpartum
hemorrhage, edema
CV: Fetal bradycardia, increased
blood flow, ECG changes
GI: Nausea, vomiting
GU: Abruption placentae, tetanic
uterine contractions, postpartum
hemorrhage, uterine rupture,
impaired uterine blood flow, pelvic
hematoma, and increased uterine
motility.
NURSING RESPONSIBILITIES
BEFORE
• Check the Doctor’s order
• Verify patient
• Assess vital signs and FHR
• Educate the patient about the
medication.
DURING
• Administer medication as ordered.
• Monitor any untoward reactions.
• Promote relaxation, techniques
needed to reduce pain.
• Promote comfort.
AFTER
• Monitor any changes in vital signs
and FHR
• Provide safety measures such as
side rails and adequate lighting.
• Provide comfort such as voiding
before dosing or taking the food
with a drug.
• Instruct the patient to immediately
notify the physician or nurse of the
occurrence of adverse reactions.