CHAPTER III

RESEARCH METHODOLOGIES
This chapter outlines the methodology used to conduct the research. In the case
of qualitative research, this chapter will discuss the research design, population and
sampling technique, research instrument, data gathering procedure and statistical
treatment of data to answer the research question.

RESEARCH DESIGN
This research used the descriptive method of research. This study determine
utilizing swine manure as alternative crop fertilizer for local farmers of This study employs
a qualitative design.Qualitative method is used to understand people's beliefs, experiences,
attitudes, behaviors,and interactions.It generates non-numerical data (Pathak,Jena,&
Karla,2013). Therefore, whatever knowledge that may be retrieved is entirely dependent on
their comprehension.The researchers choose phenomenology as our research design because
this study attempts to identify swine manure as an alternative crop fertilizer to the farmers of
Bulalacao.According to Hugh Good (2023),phenomenology is a type of research that seeks to
explain the nature of things through the way people experience.As a result, our goal as
researchers for this study is to characterize the phenomenon as truthfully as we could while
maintaining an appropriate viewpoint on the participants, similar to phenomenology, which
constantly emphasizes the necessity to comprehend how people see themselves and the world
around them, reality is susceptible to subjectivity.

POPULATION & SAMPLING TECHNIQUE

The population for a swine manure research study could include swine farms or
facilities that produce manure. This might involve both small and large-scale operations,
encompassing various geographical location or specific types of swine farming
system.The sampling technique that we are going to use is purposive sampling.
Handpick specific farms based on unique characteristics relevant to the study, such as
certain management practices or specific swine breeds.

RESEARCH INSTRUMENT
For the goal of accuracy, interview questions and sound recorder were utilized as
the instruments in this qualitative phenomenological investigation. And if ever they are
not available in person we’re going to do it via messenger/chat. They have used the
language they were comfortable with to express themselves so they can do so without
hesitating because the questionnaire were written and ask in Tagalog.The researchers
will select participants purposively with regard to access, location,time and willingness,to
participate in the study.The researchers are in charge of assembling a sample of individuals
from various backgrounds in order to obtain diverse data.

DATA GATHERING PROCEDURE

The face to face individual interview was used to gather data. Qualitative data
was collected by using in-depth and semi-structured interviews, containing open
questions. The study team will examine the procedure for gathering reliable data and
concentrating on research topics. The interview will with more in-depth items or follow-
up questions based on the participants responses to explore the depth of their
experiences. In addition to noting the date, time and location of the interview, the
researchers will also record any non-verbal information from the participant during the
interview such as facial expression, and tone. Up until the data were saturated,
sampling have continued.

STATISTICAL TREATMENT OF DATA

In the context of using swine manure as an alternative crop fertilizer, qualitative
research may involve exploring perceptions, attitudes, and experiences. Common
methods include interviews, focus groups, or content analysis of documents. Thematic
analysis can help identify key themes related to the acceptance, challenges, or benefits
of using swine manure as fertilizer. It’s actual to maintain rigor and ensure data
reliability in qualitative studies. If you have specific questions or need guidance on
analysing qualitative data in this context, feel free to ask.