FORCE

The external cause which changes or tends to change

the state of an object is called force
 Contact Force

A contact force is defined as the force acting between two objects

due to the physical contact between them.
For example, a footballer kicks the ball is a contact force since
physical contact is between the foot and the ball.
 Non-contact Force
Non-contact forces are the forces that acts on the object, without
any physical interaction with them,
For example, when a ball is thrown upward came back to the
thrower due to gravity due to its weight.
 Resultant Force
A resultant force is a single force that describes all of
the forces operating on a body.
When many forces are applied to an object they can be
combined to produce one final force which describes the
combined action of all of the forces.
Resultant Force
Resultant Force
 Balanced Forces
If the resultant force of all the forces acting on a body sums up to zero,
then the forces acting on the body are known as balanced forces.
 Unbalanced Forces
If the resultant force of all the forces acting on a body is not zero,
then the forces acting on the body are known as unbalanced
forces.
 Balanced Forces

The rock does not move toward

the center of the earth because
the ground is pushing up on the
rock this force is the contact force

The force of gravity is pulling

toward the center of the earth.
This force is called its weight.
Balanced Forces
Balanced & Unbalanced Forces on Skydiver

1. Initially the air resistance is

very small. There is a downwards
unbalanced force

2. As the skydiver
speeds up, the air
resistance increases
Balanced & Unbalanced Forces on Skydiver

3. Eventually the air resistance

balances the weight and so the
skydiver travels at a constant speed
Balanced & Unbalanced Forces on Skydiver

4. When the parachute is opened the

increase air resistance on the parachute
creates an upwards unbalanced force,
making the parachuting the slow down
 Changing Direction

When the ball contacts the tennis racket,

the ball pushes on the tennis racket.

To make the ball go back in the opposite

direction, the hitting force must be larger
than the force from the ball
 Changing Direction

When an object moves in a circle, its

direction is always changing.

A constant unbalanced force is needed

to keep an object moving in a circle
1. Which of these can happen because of unbalanced forces?
Tick all correct statements
A car will move at a constant speed
A boat will slow down
A football will change direction
A book will not move on a desk
State
a. Which forces are balanced?
------------and-------------------
b. Which forces are unbalanced?
---------------and------------------
c. What will happen to the car?
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1. The diagram shows the forces, A-D, acting on a bird when it is flying.

a. Describe the effect of these forces

on the movement of the bird
b. Describe one change needed to the
forces for the bird to go higher

c. Describe two changes to the forces that

would make the bird go slower
2. An aero-plane is flying north, in a straight line, at a constant
speed. The aero-plane needs to turn towards east.
Draw an arrow on the diagram to show the direction of the
unbalanced force needed to make the aero-plane turn east