Drug name Mechanism of action Indication Drug Interaction Side Effects Adverse effects Nursing

Responsibilities
Generic Name: Blocks the D2 For management and Drug-drug  Drowsiness Adverse Effect/s  Consider the
Prochlorperazine dopamine receptors treatment of:  Antacids: May  Dry mouth CNS: extrapyramidal 10 Right's of
Brand Name: in the brain which are inhibit  Dark urine reactions, dizziness, Drug
somatodendritic  preoperative absorption of  Diarrhea drowsiness, motor Administration
Pharmacologic autoreceptor6. nausea oral  Headache restlessness  -Establish
class: Inhibition of D2  Severe nausea phenothiazines.  Loss of rapport
Dopamine antagonists receptor signaling and vomiting. separate antacid appetite CV: orthostatic
results in the and  Sore throat hypotension, ECG Interventions for side
Therapeutic blockade of phenothiazine  painful or changes, tachycardia effects.
class: postrynaptic doses by at least difficult
Antiemetics dopamine receptors 2 hours. urination EENT: blurred vision, For drowsiness:
in the mesolimbic  Anticholinergics,  Dizziness ocular changes • Asses the PT's sleep
pregnancy system. and an including pattern for quality,
category class: increased dopamine antidepressants Gl: constipation, dry quantity, time taken to
C turn over. It exerts and mouth, increased fall asleep
anticmetic effects antiparkinsonia appetite
Dosage & Route: n drugs: May For dry mouth:
25mg PR b.i.d increase anti- Gu: urine retention, •Encourage the
cholinergic dark urine patient to frequently
activity and may rinse her mouth with
aggravate Hematologic: water, drink at least
parkinsonian agranulocytosis eight glasses of water
symptoms. Use transient leukopenia. each day (unless
together contraindicated or the
cautiously. Hepatic: cholestatic PT cannot tolerate
 CNS depressants jaundice Metabolic : drinking advice to take
(anesthetics, weight gain a sip)
Opioids) skin: mild
May intensify or photosensitivity For dark urine:
prolong action reactions allergic •encourage the
of these drugs. reactions, exfoliative patient to increase
Monitor patient. dermatitis. their fluid intake
 Contraindicated other: gynecomastia, •monitor their
with nigh doses hyperprolactinemia. hydration levels
of CNS •assessing for signs of
depressants. dehydration, such as
 Fluconazole, dry mucous
itraconarole, membranes and
ketoconazole, decreased urine
miconazole: output.
May increase
and prolong For diarrhea:
drug levels, UNS •monitor a patient's
depression, and diarrhea for worsening
psychomotor symptoms and
impairment. subsequent alterations
Avoid using to nutrition, vital
together. signs, lab values, and
 Methadone: skin integrity.
May increase
and prolong For headache:
the potential for •Encourage the
fatal respiratory patient for relaxation
depression. Use such as bed rest,
cautiously. position in bed
 Olanzapine:
May enhance For loss of appetite :
donazepam- •Encourage the
related toxicity. patient for food intake
Avoid at least 5-6 spoons.
concomitant use
with IM For sore throat:
olanzapine due •encourage the
to risks of consumption of cold
additive or warm fluids that
adverse events. are easier to swallow.
 Phenytoin: May
lower For painful or difficult
clonazepam urination:
level or increase •Assess the patient’s
phenytoin level. voiding pattern/intake
Monitor serum and output.
concentrations •Assess urine
of both drugs. characteristics.
 Protease •Encourage/provide
inhibitors appropriate perineal
(nelfinavir, cleansing.
ritonavir):
May cause For dizziness:
severe •Assess the patient’s
respiratory ability to ambulate
depression. safely.
Monitor patient •Encourage the use of
care- ambulation devices.
fully. •Encourage the
 SSRIs: May patient to move and
enhance stand slowly to allow
adverse / toxic their equilibrium to
effects adjust.
of SSRIs and •Advice the patient to
increase sit down during a
risk of vertigo/dizziness
psychomotor attack.
impairment.
Monitor patient For blurred vision:
closely. •Provide adequate
 Thalidomide: room lighting.
May
enhance CMS
depressants
 effect of
thalidomide -
Avoid
concurrent use.
 Theophylline :
May decrease
clonazepam
effects. Monitor
patient closely.
 Valproic acid:
May increase
clonazepam
toxicity and
absence
Status and
increase
seizure risk and
absence status
and
increase seizure
risk
and teratogenic
effects of both
drugs in first
trimester. Use
cautiously.

Drug -herb
 Kava kava : May
enhance
adverse
or toxic effects
of
drug. use
 cautiously.
 St. John's wort:
May
decrease
clonazepam
serum
concentration,
resulting in
decreased drug
effects. consider
therapy
modification.
Drug- lifestyle
 Alcohol use:
May cause
additive CNS
effect.
Discourage
use together.

Drug name Mechanism of action Indication Drug Interaction Side Effects Adverse Effects Nursing
Responsibilities
Generic Name Clonazepam is a highly Clonazepam has INTERACTIONS COMMON SIDE CNS: amnesia, -Consider the 10
clonazepam potent long-acting anticonvulsant and Drug-drug. EFFECTS aphonia, choreiform Right's of Drug
Brand Name: benzodiazepine. anxiolytic effects; it is Carbamazepine, movements, coma, Administration
Clonazepam exerts FDA-approved for phenobarbital: lethargy, fatigue, confusion, depression, -Establish rapport
Pharmacologic pharmacological treating seizure and May lower sedation, drowsiness, dysarthria,
class: Benzodiazepines effects by acting as a panic disorders. clonazepam and motor impairment dysdiadochokinesis, Interventions for side
positive allosteric levels. (impaired "glassy-eyed" effects.
Therapeutic modulator of GABA-A Monitor coordination, impaired appearance,
class: receptors. The GABA-A patient balance, dizziness) hallucinations, For lethargy and
Anticonvulsants receptor is a ligand- closely. headache fatigue:
gated chloride ion  Clozapine: LESS COMMON SIDE hemiparesis,
Pregnancy selective channel May increase EFFECTS hypotonia, hysteria, •Restrict
category class: whose endogenous clozapine- increased libido, environmental stimuli,
D ligand is GABA related blurred vision, insomnia, psychosis, especially during
(gamma-aminobutyric toxicities. confusion, irritability, slurred speech tremor, planned times for rest
Dosage: acid). Benzodiazepines Consider loss of libido, lack of vertigo, paradoxical and sleep. Such as
3mg/day facilitate GABA-A therapy motivation, reactions(aggressive vivid lighting, noise,
action by increasing modification. psychomotor behavior, agitation, visitors, numerous
the frequency of CNS agitation, anxiety, ex. citability, distractions, and litter.
chloride channel depressants: hallucination, hostility, irritability, •Provide comforts
opening resulting in May increase worsening of nervousness, such as bed rest, calm
hyperpolarization of CNS depression, short-term nightmares and vivid music, position in bed,
the neurons and depression. memory loss dreams, sleep relaxation
reduced firing, thus Avoid using disturbances), fever, •Encourage the
producing calming together. ataxia, abnormal patient for food intake
effects on the brain by  Digoxin: May coordination at least 5-6 spoons
decreasing the increase somnolence, dizziness, since she is
excitability of neurons. digoxin level nervousness, reduced experiencing nausea
and toxicity. intellectual ability. CV: and vomiting.
Monitor palpitations. EENT:
digoxin level. abnormal eye For sedation and
 Fluconazole, movements, diplopia, drowsiness:
itraconazole, nystagmus, blurred
ketoconazole, vision, pharyngitis, • Asses the PT's sleep
miconazole: rhinitis, sinusitis. Gl: pattern for quality,
May increase anorexia, coated quantity, time taken to
and prolong tongue, constipation, fall asleep.
drug levels, diarrhea, dry mouth, •
CNS encopresis, gastritis,
depression, increased or For motor
and decreased appetite, impairment:
psychomotor nausea, sore gums,
impairment. abdominal pain. GU: •Encourage the
 Avoid using dysuria, enuresis, patient to do as much
together. nocturia, urine as they can.
 Methadone: retention, colpitis, •Let the patient
May increase dysmenorrhea, ambulate as tolerated
potential for delayed ejaculation,
fatal erectile dysfunction,
respiratory urinary frequency, UTI. For blurred vision:
depression. Hematologic anemia, •Provide adequate
Use eosinophilia, room lighting.
cautiously. leukopenia,
 Olanzapine: thrombocytopenia. For confusion:
May enhance Hepatic: •Provide a calm
clonazepam- hepatomegaly, environment;
related transient elevations of eliminate extraneous
toxicity. Avoid serum transaminases noise and stimuli.
concomitant and ALP. Metabolic
use with IM dehydration, weight
olanzapine loss or gain.
due to risks of Musculoskeletal:
additive muscle weakness,
adverse muscle pains.
events. Respiratory: chest
 Phenytoin: congestion,
May lower hypersecretion in
clonazepam upper respiratory tract
level or passages, respiratory
increase depression,
phenytoin rhinorrhea, shortness
level. Monitor of breath, bronchitis,
serum URI, cough. Skin: hair
concentration loss, hirsutism, rash.
s of both Other: ankle and facial
drugs. edema, general
 Protease deterioration,
 inhibitors lymphadenopathy,
(nelfinavir, allergic reaction,
ritonavir): influenza.
May cause
severe
respiratory
depression.
Monitor
patient
carefully.
 SSRIs: May
enhance
adverse/toxic
effects of
SSRIs and
increase risk
of
psychomotor
impairment.
Monitor
patient
closely.
 Thalidomide:
May enhance
CNS
depressant
effect of
thalidomide.
Avoid
concurrent
use.
Theophylline:
May decrease
clonazepam
 effects.
Monitor
patient
closely.
 Valproic acid:
May increase
clonazepam
toxicity and
absence status
and increase
seizure risk
and
teratogenic
effects of both
drugs in first
trimester. Use
cautiously.
Drug-herb.
 Kava kava:
May enhance
adverse or
toxic effects of
drug. Use
cautiously.
 St. John's
wort: May
decrease
clonazepam
serum
concentration,
resulting in
decreased
drug effects.
Consider
 therapy
modification.
Drug-lifestyle.
 Alcohol use:
May cause
additive CNS
effects.
Discourage
use together.