Building Construction joints:

A building construction joint is a separation of

building elements that allows for independent
movement and protects the structure from
damage.
Types of Building Construction joints:

Common types of joints used in building

construction include the construction joint, control
joint, expansion joint, settlement joint, and the
seismic joint.
Construction joint :
A construction joint is provided when concrete
pouring needs to be stopped due to some
reason and then is continued again later.
The locations of
construction joints :
The construction joints in slabs
to be located within the 1/3 of
spans of slabs and beams
Control joint :

A control joint is used to control cracking caused by

small amounts of movement during curing by or
small expansion and contraction movements as the
result of moisture in concrete.
A control joint can be formed during placement of
the building material or cut after the material is
placed.
In the absence of the control joint the concrete
would crack randomly (spider-cracking).
Control joint :

Other important things:

*Spacing should be square, and in feet no more than

two-to-three times the slab thickness in inches. For
example, a 4-inch slab should have joints spaced no more
than 8 feet to 12 feet on center.
*If not square, keep the ratio at less than 1.5:1 (for
example, 12-by-8 feet).
*Never create a space of more than 225 feet2 (15-by-15
feet) without jointing.
* Always install joints with straight lines, never staggered.
 Expansion joint :

Expansion joints are used to allow for expansion

and contraction of concrete during the curing
period and service. These Joints are used to permit
dimensional changes in concrete due to load. This
joint helps to separate or isolate, areas or members
that could be affected by any such dimensional
changes.
Expansion joint :

There are three types of expansion joints:-

Expansion joints in concrete

Expansion joints in wall
Expansion joints in building
Expansion joint :

Expansion joints in concrete:

A concrete expansion joint is a gap which allows the
concrete to expand and contract when the temperature
changes.
Expansion joint :

Expansion joints in wall

Distance required between expansion joints should be a
maximum of 5 to 6 meters, in addition at a corner or
change of direction a joint should be provide at maximum
distance of 2.5 – 3 meters.
At the same time joint should not be less then 6mm or
wider than 25 mm
Expansion joint :

Expansion joints in building

All building materials are subject to movement in use. If

movement is not allowed to take place in a controlled
manner, internal stresses will be set up and cracking and
sometimes distortion to occur.
Expansion joint separates the building components from
above of foundation to roofs.
Settlement joint :
settlement joint is a vertical structure separation designed to
prevent stress on building materials from damaging the building,
but the stress is caused by:
1.unequal compression of its foundations because of different
height in structure.
2.building built in different soil and different characteristics of
the foundation, etc.
So a settlement joint separates the building components from
foundation to roofs, this is main difference with Expansion joint.
 Seismic joint:
Seismic joints are wide expansion joints provide to
separate portions of buildings dissimilar in mass and
stiffness. The seismic joint coverage must allow
movement, and be architecturally acceptable.