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ABSTRACT
Background: Haw’s syndrome is an uncommon but underdiagnosed disease that affects cats. It occurs due to changes
in the innervation of the third eyelid causing protrusion. These changes may occur due to some change in sympathetic
innervation efferent to the eye and its annexes The diagnosis is based on the instillation of sympathomimetic agents. The
palliative treatment is based on the instillation of sympathomimetic agents only if the protrusion is preventing eyesight.
The aim of this study is to report the clinical management of three cats with this syndrome, emphasizing its clinical, di-
agnostic and treatment demonstration.
Case: Three cats were referred to the Department of Ophthalmology Veterinary of the Catholic University of Rio Grande
do Sul (PUCRS), two with undefined breeds (male and female) and a Siamese (male), aged between 2 and 4 years, with
bilateral protrusion of the third eyelid. The owners reported that the animals ate well, were active and did not observe any
other problems concomitantly, with the exception of diarrhea In one of the animals a week ago, but that had passed. The
animals underwent a complete ophthalmologic examination where they were evaluated since the symmetry orbits until
intraocular pressure, Schirmer tear test, fluorescein test and lissamine green, without any obvious change, with values within
the normal range for the species, except for the bilateral protrusion of the third eyelid was the only clinical sign present.
In the fundoscopic exam no apparent changes were observed, with the optic nerve head and retinal vasculature normal
for the species. All patients received instillation of 10% phenylephrine in the left eye, with total regression of the third
eyelid to its anatomical position. As it was an isolated problem, without visual or systemic repercussions, no medication
was prescribed, although the animals kept coming for revisions weekly for 60 days. After 47 days, on average, the third
eyelid returned to its anatomical position.
Discussion: Haw’s syndrome is an uncommon and with little expression in the ophthalmic medical clinic eye disease, a fact
which may explain the limited literature available on the subject. However, this disease deserves attention, given the need
to obtain the differential diagnosis of other ocular and systemic diseases that can cause protrusion of the third eyelid, as
Horner’s syndrome, ocular atrophy, lymphoma, retrobulbar tumors, among others. Furthermore, for the definitive diagnosis
of the syndrome, it is interesting that the veterinary ophthalmologist is familiar with the physiology of the sympathetic in-
nervation via the eye and its attachments, making the necessary tests to confirm the diagnosis and avoid hasty conclusions.
In this case, as stressed in the literature, if the third eyelid returns within 20 min to its anatomical position, it means that
the likely cause is in the third neuron postganglionic order, as observed in the three cats after instilling phenylephrine 10%
. This occurs as a result of hypersensitivity to sympathetic stimulation generated exclusively in post-ganglionic lesions. If
there is no pupillary dilation within 20 min the lesion is preganglionic. The cat that had diarrhea also was thought in viral
involvement, but it has not been proved. In the treated cases, the authors found that there was no loss of vision without
the need for treatment, but they consider essential the diagnostic condition to reassure the owners, informing them of the
favorable prognosis and pathogenesis of the syndrome.
1
L.F.D. Corrêa, S. Santalucia, M.T. Oliveira, et al. 2014. Síndrome de Haw em Gatos.
Acta Scientiae Veterinariae. 42(Suppl 1): 45.
2
L.F.D. Corrêa, S. Santalucia, M.T. Oliveira, et al. 2014. Síndrome de Haw em Gatos.
Acta Scientiae Veterinariae. 42(Suppl 1): 45.
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