John Bernard L.

Saccuan BSHM-1

MALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

The organs involved in sexual function and childbirth in males or individuals assigned
male at birth (AMAB) are referred to as the male reproductive system. There are
internal and exterior organs among these.

Male Reproductive System Parts and Functions:

1. External male reproductive organs

A. Penis. This is the male organ used in sexual intercourse.
B. Scrotum. This is the loose pouch-like sac of skin that hangs behind and below
your penis. It contains the testicles (also called testes), as well as many nerves and
blood vessels. The scrotum acts as a "climate control system" for your testes.
C. Testicles (testes). These are oval organs about the size of large olives that lie in
your scrotum. The testes are responsible for making testosterone, the primary male
sex hormone. They also make inhibin B, insulin-like factor 3, anti-Mullerian
hormone, estradiol, and produce sperm.
D. Epididymis. The epididymis is a long, coiled tube that rests on the backside of
each testicle. It transports and stores sperm cells that are produced in the testes. Its
job is to bring the sperm to maturity.

2. Internal male reproductive organs (also called Accessory Organs)

A. Vas deferens. It is a long, muscular tube, extends from the epididymis into the
pelvic cavity and ends right behind the bladder. In order to prepare for ejaculation,
mature sperm are transported via the vas deferens to the urethra, the tube that
takes urine or sperm outside of the body.
B. Ejaculatory ducts. The seminal vesicles and the vas deferens combine to
generate these. The urethra receives the ejaculatory ducts' discharge.
C. Urethra. The tube that transports urine from the bladder to the outside of the
body is called the urethra. During an orgasm, it also serves the additional purpose of
ejaculating semen.
D. Seminal Vesicles. The sac-like pouches known as seminal vesicles connect to the
vas deferens close to the base of your bladder. Sperm get their energy from the
sugar-rich fluid (fructose) produced by the seminal vesicles, which enables them to
migrate. The majority of a man's ejaculate, or ejaculatory fluid, is composed of the
fluid of the seminal vesicles.
E. Prostate gland. The prostate gland is a walnut-size structure. The prostate gland
contributes additional fluid to the ejaculate. Prostate fluids also help to nourish
your sperm.
F. Bulbourethral glands. Also called Cowper's glands, these are pea-size structures.
These glands produce a clear, slippery fluid that empties directly into the urethra.
 FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM

The female reproductive system is designed to carry out several functions. It produces
the female egg cells necessary for reproduction, called the ova or oocytes. The function
of the external female reproductive structures (the genitals) is twofold: To enable sperm
to enter the body and to protect the internal genital organs from infectious organisms.

Main external structures of the female reproductive system include:

1. Vulva - protect the internal parts of the female reproductive system, play a role in
sexual arousal and stimulation, facilitate sex, such as through providing lubrication, and
cushioning.
A. Labia majora: The labia majora enclose and protect the other external
reproductive organs. Literally translated as "large lips," the labia majora are relatively
large and fleshy. It contains sweat and oil-secreting glands. After puberty, the labia
majora are covered with hair.
B. Labia minora: Literally translated as "small lips," the labia minora can be very
small or up to 2 inches wide.
C. Bartholin's glands: These glands are located beside the vaginal opening and
produce a fluid (mucus) secretion.
D. Clitoris: The two labia minora meet at the clitoris, a small, sensitive protrusion.
The clitoris is covered by a fold of skin, called the prepuce. The clitoris is very sensitive
to stimulation and can become erect.
E. Mons pubis: The mons pubis is a mound of tissue located on top of the pubic
bones. It’s typically covered in pubic hair.

2. Vagina - the vagina is a canal that joins the cervix (the lower part of uterus) to the
outside of the body. It also is known as the birth canal. Allowing menstrual blood to pass
out of your body during your period.
A. Hymen. The opening of the vagina may be partially covered by a thin piece of
tissue called the hymen. The hymen can be broken through things like sex, inserting
a tampon, or physical activities like riding a bike.

3. Uterus - The uterus is the female reproductive organ that receives the fertilized egg
and supports its development during pregnancy.
A. Cervix: The cervix is the lower portion of the uterus. It connects the main body of
the uterus with the vagina.
B. Corpus (body): This is the larger, main portion of the uterus.

4. Fallopian tubes - These are narrow tubes that are attached to the upper part of the
uterus and serve as tunnels for the ova (egg cells) to travel from the ovaries to the
uterus. Egg fertilization by sperm usually takes place in the fallopian tubes.

5. Ovaries - The ovaries are small, oval-shaped glands that are located on either side of
the uterus. The main function of the ovaries is to release eggs. The ovaries also produce
a variety of female sex hormones, which are important for regulating a
woman’s cycle and pregnancy. These include progesterone and estrogen.