Department of Education

Division of Negros Occidental

NEGROS OCCIDENTAL HIGH SCHOOL
Mathematics Department

Mathematics 9
Learning Activity Sheets #3
3rd QUARTER – WEEK 3

1
Written by:
MARY CLAIRE M. ARMIGOS, NOHS 2/2021
I. LEARNING COMPETENCIES:
➢ Verify midline theorem (M9GE-IIId-1)
➢ Verify theorems on trapezoid and kite (M9GE-IIId-2)
➢ Solve problems involving trapezoid and kite (M9GE-IIIe-1)
II. BACKGROUND
After learning parallelograms and their properties, let us now
find out the properties and the theorems of other quadrilaterals
such as the trapezoid and the kite.
Some characteristics of a parallelogram can be used to prove
the midline theorem of a triangle.
Midline (or a midsegment) - a segment that connects the
midpoints of two sides of a triangle
Midpoint – a middle point of a segment that is equidistant
from both endpoints. It bisects the segment.

midpoint D midline E midpoint

B Base (third side) C

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 ✓ Midline Theorem of a Triangle
The segment that connects the midpoints of two sides of a
triangle is parallel to the base (third side) and half as long.
1
𝑀𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 ∥ 𝐵𝑎𝑠𝑒 and 𝑀𝑖𝑑𝑙𝑖𝑛𝑒 = 2 𝐵𝑎𝑠𝑒
1
̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝐸 ∥ 𝐵𝐶 ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝐸 = 𝐵𝐶 ̅̅̅̅
2
✓ Trapezoid – quadrilateral with exactly one pair of parallel
sides
Given: DROP is a trapezoid
̅̅̅̅ ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝑃 ∥ 𝑅𝑂
D base P
base base
leg X angle angle Yleg
midline
base base
angle angle
R base O
Parts of a Trapezoid
• Bases – parallel sides of a trapezoid
• Legs - non-parallel sides of a trapezoid
• Base Angles – included angles between the base and a
leg
• Midline (median) of a trapezoid
– segment that connects the midpoints
of the legs of a trapezoid
• Diagonal – segment that connects a pair of opposite
vertices
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 Theorem on Trapezoid
➢ The median of a trapezoid is parallel to the bases and its
length is one-half the sum of the lengths of the bases.
• 𝑀𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛 ∥ 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 1 ∥ 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 2
1
• 𝑀𝑒𝑑𝑖𝑎𝑛 = 2 (𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 1 + 𝑏𝑎𝑠𝑒 2)

Isosceles Trapezoid – a trapezoid whose legs are congruent.

Given: GAIN is an isosceles trapezoid
̅̅̅̅
𝐺𝐴 ≅ ̅̅
𝑁𝐼̅̅

G N G N
112° 112°

S T S T
68° 68°
A I A I
Theorems of Isosceles Trapezoid
➢ Legs are congruent.
➢ Diagonals are congruent.
➢ A pair of base angles is congruent.
➢ Opposite angles are supplementary.
✓ Kite is also a quadrilateral as it has four sides. Being a special
type of quadrilateral, it shows special characteristics and properties
which are different from the other types of quadrilaterals. A kite is
the combination of two isosceles triangles.
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 Kite – is a quadrilateral with 2 distinct pairs of
L
congruent, adjacent sides.

Given: LOVE is a kite O R E

Theorems on Kite

➢ Distinct pairs of adjacent sides are congruent

➢ Diagonals are perpendicular to each other
➢ Only one pair of opposite angles is equal V
➢ The longer diagonal bisects the shorter diagonal
➢ The longer diagonal bisects the opposite angles
➢ The area of a kite is half the product of the lengths of its
diagonals
1 𝑑1 𝑑2
𝐴 = 2 𝑑1 𝑑2 or 𝐴= 2

III. REFERENCES AND RESOURCES

Prove midline theorem
Prove theorems on trapezoid and kite
Learner’s Material for Mathematics Grade 9 pp. 329-346
Mathematics 9: A Spiral Approach pp. 133-143 by Analyn M. Argel
and Alma Angeles
Our World of Math: Developmental Math 9 Vibal pp. 193-210
https://www.dummies.com/education/math/geometry/the-
properties-of-a-kite/
https://www.toppr.com/guides/maths/understanding-
quadrilaterals/properties-of-trapezium-and-kite/

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IV. ACTIVITY
Verify the theorems applied and solve the problems of the
following figures using the given information
1. In ∆𝐴𝐵𝐶, D and E are the midpoints of ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵 𝑎𝑛𝑑 ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐶 ,
respectively.
A
6.4 cm

D E 11 cm

B
24 cm C
• Given: BC = 24 cm
How long is ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝐸 ?
1
Solution: 𝐷𝐸 = 2 𝐵𝐶 Midline Theorem of a Triangle
1
𝐷𝐸 = 2 (24) Substitution
𝑫𝑬 = 𝟏𝟐 𝒄𝒎 MPE. Simplify

• Given: AC = 11 cm
What is AE?
1
Solution: 𝐴𝐸 = 𝐴𝐶 Midpoint Definition
2
1
𝐴𝐸 = (11) Substitution
2
𝑨𝑬 = 𝟓. 𝟓 𝒄𝒎 Simplify
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• Given: AD = 6.4 cm
What is AB?
Solution:
1
𝐴𝐷 = 𝐴𝐵 Midpoint Definition
2
1
6.4 = 𝐴𝐵 Substitution
2
𝟏𝟐. 𝟖 𝒄𝒎 = 𝑨𝑩 MPE

• Given: DE = 3x – 2 and BC = 9x – 13
Find the ff.: value of x, length of the median ̅̅̅̅
𝐷𝐸
Solutions:
For the value of x:
1
𝐷𝐸 = 𝐵𝐶 Midline Theorem of a Triangle
2
1
3𝑥 − 2 = (9𝑥 − 13) Substitution
2
6𝑥 − 4 = 9𝑥 − 13 MPE
13 − 4 = 9𝑥 − 6𝑥 APE/SPE
9 = 3𝑥 Simplify
𝟑=𝒙 DPE

For the length of the median ̅̅̅̅

𝑫𝑬:
𝑫𝑬 = 𝟑𝒙 − 𝟐
= 𝟑(𝟑) − 𝟐 Substitute the value of x
=𝟗−𝟐 Simplify
𝑫𝑬 = 𝟕

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2. Given: POST is an isosceles trapezoid

P 45 cm
T
16 cm 111°

E R

O 67 cm S
PS = 63 cm

Find the measures of the following:

• OE
𝑂𝐸 = 𝑃𝐸 Midpoint Definition
𝑶𝑬 = 𝟏𝟔 𝒄𝒎 Substitution

• TS
𝑻𝑺 = 𝑷𝑶 Legs are congruent
𝑻𝑺 = 𝑷𝑬 + 𝑶𝑬 Segment Addition Postulate
𝑻𝑺 = 𝟏𝟔 + 𝟏𝟔 Substitution. Midpoint Def.
𝑻𝑺 = 𝟑𝟐 𝒄𝒎 Simplify

• TO
𝑇𝑂 = 𝑃𝑆 Diagonals are congruent
𝑻𝑶 = 𝟔𝟑 𝒄𝒎 Substitution

• 𝑚∠𝑃𝑇𝑆
𝑚∠𝑃𝑇𝑆 = 𝑚∠𝑂𝑃𝑇 Base angles are congruent
𝒎∠𝑷𝑻𝑺 = 𝟏𝟏𝟏 Substitution

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• 𝑚∠𝑇𝑆𝑂
𝑚∠𝑇𝑆𝑂 + 𝑚∠𝑂𝑃𝑇 = 180 Opposite angles are
supplementary
𝑚∠𝑇𝑆𝑂 + 111 = 180 Substitution
𝒎∠𝑻𝑺𝑶 = 𝟔𝟗 APE

• ER
1
𝐸𝑅 = 2 (𝑃𝑇 + 𝑂𝑆) Median Theorem of Trapezoid
1
𝐸𝑅 = 2 (45 + 67) Substitution
1
= (112) Simplify
2
𝑬𝑹 = 𝟓𝟔 𝒄𝒎
• Given: PO = 2x + 3, TS = 6x -5
a) Find the value of x
Sol’n: 𝑃𝑂 = 𝑇𝑆 Legs are congruent
2𝑥 + 3 = 6𝑥 − 5 Substitution
8 = 4𝑥 APE
𝟐=𝒙 DPE
b) How long is ̅̅̅̅
𝑃𝑂 ?
Sol’n: 𝑃𝑂 = 2𝑥 + 3
= 2(2) + 3 Substitute the value of x
𝑷𝑶 = 𝟕 Simplify

• Given: ER = 6x – 2, OS = 5x + 6, PT = 4x + 5
a) Solve for the value of x
1
Sol’n: 𝐸𝑅 = 2 (𝑃𝑇 + 𝑂𝑆) Median Theorem of
a Trapezoid
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 1
6𝑥 − 2 = 2 (4𝑥 + 5 + 5𝑥 + 6) Substitution
1
6𝑥 − 2 = 2 (9𝑥 + 11) Simplify
12𝑥 − 4 = 9𝑥 + 11 MPE
3𝑥 = 15 APE
𝒙=𝟓 DPE
b) How long is the median?
Sol’n: 𝐸𝑅 = 6𝑥 − 2
= 6(5) − 2 Substitute the value of x
𝑬𝑹 = 𝟐𝟖 Simplify

• Given: 𝑚∠𝑃𝑂𝑆 = 3𝑥 + 10
𝑚∠𝑃𝑇𝑆 = 2𝑥 – 5
Solve for the value of x
Sol’n: 𝑚∠𝑃𝑂𝑆 + 𝑚∠𝑃𝑇𝑆 = 180 Opposite angles
are supplementary
3𝑥 + 10 + 2𝑥 − 5 = 180 Substitution
5𝑥 = 175 APE
𝒙 = 𝟑𝟓 DPE
F
3. Given: FAME is a kite 8 cm 34°

A 120°
6 cm
E
O
10 cm
• Given: FA = 8 cm 20°

Find the length of ̅̅̅̅

𝐹𝐸

10
M
Written by:
MARY CLAIRE M. ARMIGOS, NOHS 2/2021
 Solution:
𝐹𝐸 = 𝐹𝐴 Distinct pair of adjacent sides are congruent
𝑭𝑬 = 𝟖 𝒄𝒎 Substitution
• Given: EO = 6 cm
What is AO?
Solution: 𝐴𝑂 = 𝐸𝑂 The longer diagonal bisects
the shorter diagonal
𝑨𝑶 = 𝟔 𝒄𝒎 Substitution
• Given: 𝑚∠𝐹𝐴𝑀 = 120
Find the 𝑚∠𝐹𝐸𝑀
Solution:
𝑚∠𝐹𝐸𝑀 = 𝑚∠𝐹𝐴𝑀 Only one pair of opposite
angles are congruent
𝒎∠𝑭𝑬𝑴 = 𝟏𝟐𝟎 Substitution
• Given: 𝑚∠𝐸𝐹𝑀 = 34
What is the 𝑚∠𝐴𝐹𝑀?
Solution: 𝑚∠𝐴𝐹𝑀 = 𝑚∠𝐸𝐹𝑀 The longer diagonal
bisects opposite angles
𝒎∠𝑨𝑭𝑴 = 𝟑𝟒 Substitution

• Given: AE = 12 cm and FM = 13.3 cm

What is the area of kite FAME?
𝑑 𝑑
Solution: 𝐴 = 12 2
(12 𝑐𝑚)(13.3 𝑐𝑚)
𝐴= Substitution
2
159.6 𝑐𝑚2
𝐴= Simplify
2
𝟐
𝑨 = 𝟕𝟗. 𝟖 𝒄𝒎
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 • Given: FM = (x + 2) ft
AE = (x – 1) ft
Area = 44 ft2

a) Solve for the value of x

𝑑 𝑑
Solution: 𝐴 = 12 2
(𝑥+2)(𝑥−1)
44 = Substitution
2
88 = (𝑥 + 2)(𝑥 − 1) MPE
88 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 – 2 FOIL Method
0 = 𝑥 2 + 𝑥 – 90 APE
0 = (𝑥 + 10)(𝑥 − 9) Factor
𝑥 = −10 and 𝒙 = 𝟗 Zero-Product Prop.
NOTE: Disregard the x-value -10, since there is no length with negative measures.

b) How long is each diagonal, ̅̅̅̅̅

𝐹𝑀 and ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐸 ?
Solution:
𝐹𝑀 = (𝑥 + 2)𝑓𝑡 𝐴𝐸 = (𝑥 − 1)𝑓𝑡
= (9 + 2)𝑓𝑡 = (9 − 1)𝑓𝑡 Substitute the
value of x
𝑭𝑴 = 𝟏𝟏 𝒇𝒕 𝑨𝑬 = 𝟖 𝒇𝒕 Simplify

PRACTICE EXERCISES:
(For Study and Review Purposes. DO NOT SUBMIT THE ANSWERS)
(Answer key is provided on page 16)

Solve the following problems involving midline theorem,

trapezoid and kite.

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1. Given: Isosceles Trapezoid QRST with median ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝐵
Q R

A B

T S
a. If QA = 16 cm, then QT = ____
b. If RB = 10 and SB = x – 4, what is the value of x?
c. If QR = x, AB = 16, TS = 22, what is the value of x?
d. If 𝑚∠𝑄 = 105, then 𝑚∠𝑅 = _____ and 𝑚∠𝑆 = _____
e. If 𝑚∠𝑇 = 2𝑥 + 5 and 𝑚∠𝑅 = 3𝑥 – 10, what is the 𝑚∠𝑆?
H
2. Given: HEAT is a kite
a. If HE = 6 cm, what is HT?
b. If ET = 18 cm, what is TX? E T
X
c. If ET = 7 cm and HA = 10 cm, what
is the area of the kite?
d. If the area is 96 cm2 and ET = 8 cm,
what is HA?
e. If 𝑚∠𝐸𝐴𝑇 = 45, what is the 𝑚∠HAT? A
G
3. Given: ∆𝐺𝐴𝐷 with ̅̅̅̅
𝑋𝑌 as the median
a. If AD = 12 cm, what is XY?
b. If GY = 7.5 cm, what is GD? X Y
c. If XY = 3x + 5 and AD = 4x + 16,
then what is AD?
d. If AX = x + 4 and GX = 2x – 5, A D
what is the value of x?
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V. ADDITIONAL ACTIVITY:
(For Study and Review Purposes. DO NOT SUBMIT THE ANSWERS)
(Answer key is provided on page 16)
Instruction: Choose the letter of the best answer.
1. What quadrilateral has exactly one pair of parallel sides?
A. Kite B. Rhombus C. Square D. Trapezoid
2. What quadrilateral has two distinct pairs of adjacent and
congruent sides?
A. Kite B. Rhombus C. Square D. Trapezoid
3. The segment joining the midpoints of the two sides of a triangle
is ________ to the third side.
A. Adjacent B. Congruent C. Parallel D. Perpendicular
4. What do you call the parallel sides of the trapezoid?
A. Bases B. Diagonals C. Legs D. Median
5. Which of the following refers to the segment whose length is
half the sum of the lengths of the bases of the trapezoid?
A. Base B. Diagonal C. Leg D. Median
6. Which of the following properties is NOT TRUE in an isosceles
trapezoid?
A. Bases are congruent C. Diagonals are congruent
B. Base angles are congruent D. Legs are congruent
Use figure 1 at the right for #s 7 – 11. H E
7. Which of the following segments
is congruent to ̅̅̅̅
𝐻𝑂 ? J K
A. ̅̅̅̅
𝐸𝑃 C. ̅̅̅̅
𝐻𝑃
B. ̅̅̅̅
𝐻𝐸 D. ̅̅̅̅
𝑂𝑃
O Isosceles Trapezoid P
FIGURE 1

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8. If EK = 11 cm, how long is ̅̅̅̅
𝐸𝑃 ?
A. 5.5 cm B. 11 cm C. 16.5 cm D. 22 cm
9. Refer to fig. 1, what is the 𝑚∠𝐻𝐸𝑃 if 𝑚∠𝐸𝑃𝑂 = 3𝑥 + 16,
𝑚∠𝑂𝐻𝐸 = 2𝑥 − 1
A. 33 B. 39 C. 65 D. 115
10. What is 𝑚∠𝐽𝑂𝑃 if 𝑚∠𝐻𝐽𝐾 = 86?
A. 430 B. 860 C. 940 D. 1720
11. If 𝑚∠𝐻𝑂𝑃 is 70, what is 𝑚∠𝐸𝐾𝐽?
A. 35 B. 70 C. 90 D. 1100
Use figure 2 at the right for #s 12 – 15
12. What is the median of ∆𝑀𝐴𝑁? M
A. ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝐴 C. ̅̅̅̅
𝐿𝑌
B. ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑀𝑁 D. ̅̅̅̅
𝐴𝑁 L Y
13. If LY = 2x + 4 and AN = 28,
what is the value of x?
A. 4 C. 9 A FIGURE 2
N
B. 5 D. 10
14. How long is the midline if LY = 3x + 4 and AN = 8x – 2?
A. 5 B. 19 C. 38 D. 76
15. What is the 𝑚∠𝑀𝑌𝐿 if 𝑚∠𝐴 = 80 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚∠𝑀 = 60?
A. 200 B. 300 C. 400 D. 800
Use figure 3 at the right for #s 16 – 20 D
16. If RD = 4 cm and the perimeter
of READ is 34 cm, what are the R
W A
measures of the other 3 sides?
A. 2,14,14 C. 6,12,12 E Kite

B. 4,13,13 D. 8,11,11 FIGURE 3

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 17. If the 𝑚∠𝑅 = 100 and the 𝑚∠𝐴 = 70,
what is the 𝑚∠𝐷𝐴𝑅?
A. 10 B. 35 C. 50 D. 170
18. What is the area of kite READ if EW = 6 cm, RW = 8 cm
and AW = 12 cm?
A. 60 cm2 B. 120 cm2 C. 240 cm2 D. 288 cm2
19. What is the measure of ∠𝑊𝐷𝑅 if 𝑚𝑅 = 120?
A. 300 B. 400 C. 500 D. 600
20. How long is ̅̅̅̅̅
𝑅𝑊 if 𝑅𝐷 = 5 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐷𝑊 = 4?
A. 2 B. 3 C. 4 D. 5

VI. ANSWER KEY

Practice Exercises
1 2 3
a. 32 cm a. 6 cm a. 6 cm
b. 14 b. 9 cm b. 15 cm
c. 10 c. A=35cm2 c. 28
d. 𝑚∠𝑅 = 105 d. 24 cm d. 9
𝑚∠𝑆 = 75 e. 22.5
e. 𝑚∠𝑆 = 79

Additional Activity:
1. D 6. A 11. B 16. B
2. A 7. A 12. C 17. B
3. C 8. D 13. B 18. B
4. A 9. C 14. B 19. A
5. D 10. B 15. C 20. B

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