BUILDING TECHNOLOGY DEFINITION, STANDARD TESTS
SPECIFICATIONS
● Specs
● Details the materials, method, and
workmanship to be employed on
site.
● Presents the manufacturer,
limitation, and identity of the product.
● Partner of your design
16 DIVISIONS OF CONSTRUCTIONS
● Division 1 General Requirements
● Division 2 Site Construction
● Division 3 Concrete
● Division 4 Masonry
● Division 5 Metals
● Division 6 Wood and Plastics
● Division 7 Moisture and Thermal
Protection
● Division 8 Doors and Windows
● Division 9 Finishes
● Division 10 Specialties
● Division 11 Equipment
● Division 12 Furnishings
● Division 13 Special Construction
● Division 14 Conveying Systems
● Division 15 Mechanical
● Division 16 Electrical
SITE WORK
ACRONYMS
AASHTO - American Association of State
HIghway Transportation Officials
ANSI - American National Standard Institute
ASTM - American Society for Testing
Materials
DPWH - Department of Public Works and
Highways (Philippine Gov’t)
USCS - Unified Soil Classification System
AASHTO SOIL CLASSIFICATION
SYSTEM
- Classifies inorganic soils for
sustainability as subgrade materials
in terms of good drainage and
bearing capacity.
AASHTO defines particles as:
- BOULDERS: above 75mm
- GRAVEL: 75mm to No.10 sieve
- COARSE SAND: No.10 sieve to
No.40 sieve
- FINE SAND: No.40 sieve to No. 200
sieve
- SILT-CLAY PARTICLES: passing
No. 200 sieve
ATTERBERG LIMITS
- Tests performed on soils passing the
No. 40 sieve to established the
following:
LIQUID LIMIT (LL): the moisture content at
which soil changes from a liquid to a plastic
state as moisture is removed.
PLASTIC LIMIT (PL): the moisture content
at which soil passes from plastic to a
semi-solid state as water is removed
PLASTICITY INDEX (PI): equals Liquid
Limit minus the Plastic Limit (LL-PL+PI)
a. FILL MATERIALS - soil, crushed
stones, and sand used to raise an
existing grade, or as a
man-made-deposits generally used
under footing, pavers, or concrete
slabs on grade’ classified under the
Unified Soil Classification System
(USCS) as:
i. GW, GM. GP: Gravel with .
50% retained on No. 200
sieve and .