Research

Methodology
BBMF3114 Case Study in Finance & Investment
 • 3.1 Method, Techniques and
procedures data collection
• 3.2 Data Analysis
• Explanation of the methods used to
collect and analyse data
Methodology • Why have you chosen this method
• What are the data collected?
• How will it be collected?
• Make sure the research is ethically
enacted
 a set of beliefs and assumptions about the world and
about how research should be conducted;

What Is A It offers a framework comprising a set of theories,

methods and ways of defining data;
Research
Philosophy or It is used to provide guidelines about how research should

‘Paradigm’? be conducted;

It will influence the framing of research questions and the

kinds of questions asked. Two contrasting paradigms are
the ‘positivist’ and the interpretivist’/‘phenomenological’
paradigm
 Reliability: being able to obtain the same results if
the research were to be repeated by any
researcher;

Three Relevant Validity: the extent to which research findings

accurately represent what is really happening in the
Concepts situation;

Generalisability: the extent to which you can form

conclusions about one thing based on information
about another (e.g. are the findings relating to a
particular sample relevant to a wider population?).
 Choosing a Research Approach

A research approach relates Inductive research is a study

Deductive research is a study
to the place of theory in in which theory is developed
in which a conceptual and
research. There are two main from the observation of
theoretical structure is
approaches, the deductive empirical reality general
developed and then tested
approach and the inductive inferences are induced from
by empirical observation
approach: particular instances;

particular instances are Start with a theory or collect and study evidence Neither approach is better
deduced from general hypothesis and then proceed and then develop a theory than the other in all
inferences; to test it; from it. circumstances.
Comparison of
Approaches
Research
Strategies
 RESEARCH CHOICES

MONO METHOD MULTIPLE METHOD MIXED METHODS

 TIME HORIZON

Cross sectional
• Obtain data on variables in different contexts but at the same time
• Select similar samples study how factors differ
• Advantages: inexpensive, no chronological change
• Disadvantages: generalisability, isolating phenomena, do not explain

Longitudinal study
• A study over time of a variable or group
• May be interval or continuous
• Reveals relative stability of the phenomena
• Allows explanation of the change
 “Primary” & "Secondary” data
• Primary data are data that the researchers
generate.
• Secondary data are data that already exist.
TECHNIQUES • These data have been created by a primary
source.
AND • Primary source provides the original
information of a phenomenon being
PROCEDURES observed and recorded.
• A secondary source is a second-hand
account of a phenomenon and it provides
analysis, discussion or interpretation of
primary sources.
Data Collection
Methods
 Regression

• Ordinary least squares (OLS); Generalized liner model (GLM); ANOVA, Log-linear
regression, Quantile regression etc.
• A regression model relates Y to a function of X and β.Y= B1 + B2X + u
• The unknown parameters denoted as β.
• The independent variables, X.
• The dependent variable, Y.