UNIT II.

FOUNDATIONS OF
CURRICULUM
D. LEGAL FOUNDATIONS
 OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the students should be able to:

1. Identify the major legal foundations of

curriculum.
2. Describe how legal fundations of curriculum
plays an important role in education.
3. Evaluate curriculum for legal compliance
 MEET THE GROUP

ALANGCO. MECAELA A.
AJERO, JANE MARINEL MADERAL. CINDY ROSE
Q. B.
 INTRODUCTION
Curriculum Development must be governed by
laws promulgated by the Constitution. The
National Legislative body promulgates laws
that govern the Philippine educational system.
With these laws , educators plan, design,
implement and evaluate the curriculum at all
levels of education.
In this lesson, we will name a major laws related
to the Legal Foundations of Curriculum.
LEGAL

The term "legal" is derived from the

Latin word "legalis" which means
something that pertains to the law.
1987 PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION
ARTICLE XIV
EDUCATION, SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY,
ARTS, CULTURE AND SPORTS
 1987 PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION ARTICLE XIV

EDUCATION - SEC. 1-5

SECTION 1

The state shall protect and promote the right of

all citizens to quality education at all levels, and
shall take appropriate steps to make such
education accessible to all.
 1987 PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION ARTICLE XIV

SECTION 2 The State shall:

(1) Establish, maintain, and support a complete,

adequate, and integrated system of education relevant
to the needs of the people and society;
(2) free public education in the elementary and high
school levels.
 1987 PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION ARTICLE XIV

SECTION 2 The State shall:

(3) scholarship grants, student loan programs, subsidies, and

other incentives which shall be available to deserving students in
both public and private schools, especially to the underprivileged

(4) non-formal, informal, and indigenous learning systems, as

well as self-learning, independent, and out-of-school study
programs particularly those that respond to community needs;
and

(5) Provide adult citizens, the disabled, and out-of-school youth

with training in civics, vocational efficiency, and other skills.
 1987 PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION ARTICLE XIV

SECTION 3

(1) All educational institutions shall include the study of the

Constitution as part of the curricula.
(2) They shall inculcate patriotism and nationalism, foster love of
humanity, respect for human rights, appreciation of the role of
national heroes in the historical development of the country,
teach the rights and duties of citizenship, strengthen ethical and
spiritual values, develop moral character and personal discipline,
encourage critical and creative thinking, broaden scientific and
technological knowledge, and promote vocational efficiency.
 1987 PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION ARTICLE XIV

SECTION 3

(3) At the option expressed in writing by the parents or

guardians, religion shall be allowed to be taught to their children
or wards in public elementary and high schools within the
regular class hours by instructors designated or approved by the
religious authorities of the religion to which the children or
wards belong, without additional cost to the Government.
 1987 PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION ARTICLE XIV

SECTION 4

(1) The State recognizes the complementary roles of public and

private institutions in the educational system and shall exercise
reasonable supervision and regulation of all educational
institutions.

(2) Educational institutions, other than those established by

religious groups and mission boards, shall be owned solely by
citizens of the Philippines or corporations or associations at least
sixty per centum of the capital of which is owned by such
citizens.
 1987 PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION ARTICLE XIV

SECTION 4

(3) All revenues and assets of non-stock, non-profit educational

institutions used actually, directly, and exclusively for
educational purposes shall be exempt from taxes and duties.
(4) Subject to conditions prescribed by law, all grants,
endowments, donations, or contributions used actually, directly,
and exclusively for educational purposes shall be exempt from
tax.
 1987 PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION ARTICLE XIV

SECTION 5
(1) take into account regional and sectoral needs and conditions
and shall encourage local planning in the development of
educational policies and programs.
(2) Academic freedom shall be enjoyed in all institutions of
higher learning

(3) Every citizen has a right to select a profession or course of

study, subject to fair, reasonable, and equitable admission and
academic requirements.
 1987 PHILIPPINE CONSTITUTION ARTICLE XIV

SECTION 5

(4) enhance the right of teachers to professional advancement.

Non-teaching academic and non-academic personnel shall enjoy
the protection of the State.

(5) assign the highest budgetary priority to education and ensure

that teaching will attract and retain its rightful share of the best
available talents through adequate remuneration and other
means of job satisfaction and fulfillment
REPUBLIC ACT NO.
10533
 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10533
"An act Enhancing the Philippine Basis Education System by
Strenthening its Curriculum and Increasing the Number of
Years for Basic Education, Appropriating Funds Therefore and
for Other Purposes."
Shall be known as the "Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013"
(SEC. 1)
Passed by Congress on January 30, 2013 and approved by the
President Benigno S. Aquino lll on May 15, 2013.
 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10533

Became effective on June 4, 2013.

The State shall establish, maintain and support a
complete, adequate and integrated system of
education relevant to the needs of the people, the
country and society-at-large. (Sec. 2)
 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 10533

Enhanced Basic Education Program (Sec. 4)

- one (1) year of kindergarten education
- six (6) years of elementary education
six (6) years of secondary education (includes four (4)
years of junior high school education
The state shall:
a. Give every student an opportunity to receive quality
education that is globally competitive based on
pedagogically sound curriculum that is at par with
international standards:
b. Broaden the goals of high school education for
college preparation, vocational and technical career
opportunities as well as creative arts, sports and
entrepreneurial employment in a rapidly changing and
increasingly globalized environment; and
 The state shall
c. Make education learner-oriented and responsive to
the needs, cognitive and cultural capacity, the
circumstances and diversity of learners, schools and
communities through the appropriate languages of
teaching and learning, including mother tongue as a
learning resource.
REPUBLIC ACT NO.
7796
 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7796
Known as the "Technical Education and Skills Development Act of
1994" or the TESDA Act of 1994." (Sec. 1)

was signed into law by President Fidel V. Ramos on August 25, 1994.

to provide relevant, accessible, high quality and efficient technical

education and skills development of high quality Filipino middle-
level manpower responsive to and in accordance with Philippine
development goals and priorities. (Sec. 2)
 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7796
TESDA is mandated to ;

1. Integrate, coordinate and monitor skills and

development programs;
2. Restructure efforts to promote and develop
middle-level manpower;
3. Approve skills standards and tests;
 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7796

4. Develop an accrediation system for

institutions involved in middle-level manpower
development

5. Fund programs and projects for technical

education and skills development; and

6. Assist trainers training programs.

REPUBLIC ACT 6655 OF
1988
 REPUBLIC ACT 6655 OF 1988

Popularly known as the the Free Public

Secondary Education Act of 1988, the Act
created a system of free education in
public high schools.
REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7722
 REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7722

Also known as the Higher Education Act of

1994, the Act created the Commission on
Higher Education (CHED) whose main task
is to regulate and develop tertiary
education in the Philippines.
 Batas Pambansa Blg. 232
( The EDUCATION ACT OF
1982)
 THE EDUCATION ACT OF 1982

Also known as Batas Pambansa Blg. 232, establishes

an integrated education system in the Philippines
and defines the rights of students, parents, teachers,
and other personnel.

Section 2, this act shall apply to and govern both

formal and non- formal system in public and private
schools in all levels of the entire educational system.
 SECTION 3
promote the right of every individual to relevant quality education, regardless of
sex, age, creed socio- economic status, physical and mental conditions, racial or
ethnic origin, political or other affiliation.

RIGHTS OF STUDENTS IN SCHOOL (SECTION 9)

1. receive competent instruction, relevant quality education
2. freely choose their field of study subject to the existing curricula and continue their course
up to graduation
3. school guidance and counseling services
4. access to his owns school records and the confidentiality
5. issuance of official certificates, diplomas, transcript of records, grades, transfer credentials
and similar document
6. publish a student newspaper and invite resource persons
7. free expression of opinions and suggestions and to effective channels of communication
with appropriate academic and administrative bodies of the school or institutions.
8. form or establish, join and participate in organizations and societies recognized by the
school…, or to form, join and maintain organizations and societies for purposes not contrary to
law.
9. free from involuntary contributions except those approved by their organizations and
societies.
 RIGHT OF ALL SCHOOL PERSONNEL (SECTION 10)

1. Free expression of opinions and suggestions

2. provided with free legal service by the appropriate government office in case of
public school personnel and the school authorities concerned in case of private
school personnel, when charged in administrative, civil and/or criminal proceedings
3. Establish join, maintain labor organization of their choice to promote their welfare
and defend their interest.
4. free from involuntary contributions except those imposed by their own
organizations.

SPECIAL RIGHTS AND/OR PRIVILEGES OF TEACHING OR

ACADEMIC STAFF (SECTION 11)

1. free compulsory assignment not related to their duties defined in their

appointment or employment contracts unless compensated thereof.
2. to intellectual property………
3. be accorded due respect and protection
4. opportunity to choose career alternatives for advancements
 REFERENCES

https://www.tesda.gov.ph/
https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/2013/05/15/republic-act-n10533
https://legal-explanations.com/definition/legal
https:// officialgazette.gov.ph/constitutions/the-1987-constitution-of-
the-republic-of-the-philippines-the-1987-constitution-of-the-republic-of-
the-philippines-article-xiv/
https://philippines-atbp.jimdofree,com/philippine-
education/#:~:text=REPUBLIC%20ACT%20NO.,bar%20examinations%20gi
ven%20every%20year.
THANK YOU