BATCH 2020 EEE

ENGLISH
ASSIGNMENT
Faculty- Vipul Krishna Sir
GROUP-L

Presented by:-
Aditya Saurav
(20161)
&
Rajesh Kumar
(20162)

ARUN
MOTIHARI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING
BATCH 2020 EEE
 What is phonetics? Discuss the different types of phonetics.

PHONETICS
 The branch of linguistics that deals with the sounds of speech and their production,
combination, description, and representation by written symbols.
 The word “phonetics” derived from the Greek word phone meaning sound or voice.

ARTICULATORY PHONETICS (Production)

The study of the production of speech by the organs of speech by the speaker. Here, one
studies the use of different speech organs in producing all types of speech sounds by the
speaker. For example, the use of your tongue and lips in producing the words like moon,
stars, flower, pen, and all other words.

Organs of Speech
The various organs of our mouth we use to produce
speech sounds are called the organs of speech or
Speech organs. Speech organs or articulators, produce
the sounds of language. Organs used for speech
include the lips, teeth, alveolar ridge, hard palate,
velum (soft palate), uvula, glottis and various parts of
the tongue. They can be divided into two types: passive
articulators and active articulators.
 The study of speech sound is essentially important for getting the fundamental idea about
producing speech sounds. The various organs work in different ways to produce speech
sounds.

Lips

Glottis Teeth

Organs
Uvula of Tongue

speech
Alveolar
Velum
Ridge
Hard
Palate

Lips
The upper lip and lower lip help to produce bilabial sounds /p, b, m/. If they are held together,
the sounds produced in that position are bilabial stops:/p, b/. If the lips are held together, they
produce different vowels.

Tongue
The tongue is the most important articulator in the speech organs. It moves in different ways in
different shapes to produce speech sounds. Tongue is divided into five parts namely tip, blade,
front, back and root.

Teeth
The upper and lower teeth are used to produce a lot of speech sounds, especially dental and
labiodentals consonants. For example: to produce the dental /ð/and /θ/, the tongue tip is
pushed between the upper and lower front teeth and to produce the labiodentals /f/, /v/, the
upper front of teeth are brought into contact with the lower lip.

Alveolar Ridge
The alveolar ridge includes the area between the upper front teeth and the hard palate. To
produce alveolar consonant sounds such as /t d l n s z/, the alveolar ridge and the blade of the
tongue are used.
 Hard palate
Thin horizontal bony plate of the skull, located in the roof of the mouth. The interaction
between the tongue and the hard palate is essential in the formation of certain speech sounds,
notably /t/, /d/, and /j/.

Velum
The alveolar ridge includes the area between the upper front teeth and the hard palate. To
produce alveolar consonant sounds such as /t d l n s z/, the alveolar ridge and the blade of the
tongue are used.
Uvula
It functions in tandem with the back of the throat, the palate, and air coming up from the lungs
to create a number of guttural and other sounds. - In many languages, it closes to prevent air
escaping through the nose when making some sounds.

Glottis
It is combination of vocal folds and space in between the folds as the vocal folds vibrate, the
resulting vibration produces a “buzzing” quality to the speech called voice or voicing or
pronunciation. Sound production involving only the glottis is called glottal. Example is the sound
/h/.

ACOUSTIC PHONETICS (Transmission)

Acoustic Phonetics focuses on the study of transmission of sounds from the speaker to
the listener. That is when the speaker says something, how the sound waves travel from
the speaker’s speech organs to the listener’s ears. The study of this process of
transmission comes under Acoustic Phonetics. For example, when your mom calls for you
from another room. The sound waves travel from another room to yours.

AUDITORY PHONETICS (Perception)

This category covers the most important aspect, perception. After the speaker conveys
the information and the listener hears it, her/his brain functions to process the
information. In simple words, auditory phonetics focuses on the listener’s understanding
and processing of the information shared with them. Like, when your teacher explains a
topic in class and you are able to understand it after listening to them. This example
comes under Auditory Phonetics.

PHONETIC TRANSCRIPTIONS
It is the visual representation of speech sounds. The most common type of phonetic
transcription uses a phonetic alphabet is the International Phonetic Alphabet.
IPA VOWEL

IPA DIPHTONGS

IPA CONSONANTS
Write a detailed report on the sports facilities available in your college.

SPORTS FACILITIES IN M0TIHARI COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

REPORT BY ADITYA SAURAV| JULY 10, 2021
As we know that sports play a vital role in shaping one’s personality & good
health, that’s why the MCE college sports club has especially developed a sports
environment which provide us all the facilities. My college have the all the proper
equipment for all the sports like cricket, football, basketball, tennis, badminton, and
many more, along with some indoor games like carom, chess, table tennis, etc. apart
from all these, our college also provides well experienced coaches to guide the
students of our college.
Our sport facilities has been deemed as one of the best by many students and
sports critics. College students are usually in their teen ages. This is the age for
them to build up their personality including sporting. The importance of sports in
helping to have a good mental and physical health is undeniable.
In India, A great number of schools & colleges do not give much importance to
sports activities but MCE is different from these and also focus on sport activities,
are not just to make students body healthy, but also to motivate their leadership and
management skills.
Sports teach students to face failure moments as well as celebrating the
winning moments in their life. It welcomes as better sense of understandings things
and concepts in academics also. Sports teach everyone to be in discipline & self-
control. And discipline brings better managements of time & other activities in our
lives. Basically, sports lead to better mental growth.
Every college should serve sports facilities as my college. Everyone needs
break from classroom learning to rejuvenate & nothing is better than extra-
curricular. Activities to gain lost energy & refresh our personality (both mental and
physical).
Hence, it is essential that colleges have good facilities, cultural activities & tutors
for sporting.

THANK YOU!