Introduction to Quantitative research (assignment)

1. Please write down the main idea of the theoretical framework (use your own words
less than 3 sentence)

The purpose of this study is to develop a new motivational teaching tool and provide indicators of the
validity and reliability of the scale to meet the basic psychological needs of English for Specific
Purposes (ESP) teachers in online teaching (BPNOT). It was to do, using a sample of novice and
experienced ESP teachers of all genders in Indonesia. The variable “independent” is the fulfillment of
basic psychological needs, and the variable “dependent” is the ESP teacher. The relevance of BPN in
language learning can be relevant and classified into three categories: BPN adaptation using reliability
tests, BPN validation constructs using SEM and BPN construct validation using ESEM

2. Write down the main idea or thesis statement of the previous reseach (max 3
sentences)

 First previous study: adaptation of BPN using reliability tests (Arifani et al. 2021). Previous
research aimed to integrate her BPN into EFL teachers' professional development.
 Second previous studies: BPN construction validation using SEM (Alamer and Al Khateeb
2021; Dincer et al. 2019; McEown and OgaBaldwin 2019; Oga-Baldwin et al. 2017; Noels,
Lascano and Saumure 2019; Shirvan and Alamer 2022) This previous study mentions that
researchers used traditional SEM to create a more reliable psychometric analysis, but when it
comes to CFA and its construct fit indices.There were some limitations.
 Third previous study: construct validation of BPN using ESEM (Alamer 2022b; Alamer and
Marsh 2022). This study described the development and validation of BPN in language
learning using ESEM. This research analysis, which attempts to repair the traditional His SEM
test, has limitations in terms of the validity of the conceptual or fitted model.

3. Where and what is the theoretical framework (one sentence)?

.Theoretical framework is a literature review consisting of a review of previous research and basic
concepts that support the current study or are the basis for the methods used in the current study.
( BPN theory )

4. How do the authors study differ from previous similar study?

 The difference between this study and previous studies while the BPN verification and
development studies are aimed at language learning, neither of them is aimed at ESP.
 The previous studies are not yet applicable to ESP teachers, as universal measures from the
results of previous studies remain difficult to interpret.
 In this study, the researcher uses a more specific scale that can measure the basic
psychological needs (BPN) of ESP teachers.
 Applying a specific theoretical framework to ESP teachers' basic needs in online teaching,
because there are still shortcomings on a special scale to evaluate teachers' basic psychological
ESP needs satisfaction in the context of online learning, the author refers to BPN's original
SDT scale in the context of language learning using MALL which is widely used to assess the
fulfillment of individual needs in language learning.

Name Group

1. Aulia Handayani (200403031)

2. Esmeralda Sofia Amalya (210403004)