DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION – A process that shows

change in population over time. It is a generalized

description of the changing pattern of mortality,
fertility, and growth rates as societies move from one
demographic regime to another. All developed nations
have more or less passed through the same three
stages of modern population history. Stage 1 was when
countries had stable or very slow-growing populations
because of combination of high birth rates and almost
equally high death rates. This was also the phase when
numerous nations are underdeveloped, contraceptives
are not available, poor health care, and etc. Stage 2
began when modernization gradually raised life
expectancy from under 40 years to over 60 years due to
better public health methods, higher income, more
hospitals, and other improvements. Due to this, it
resulted to decline in death rates. Hence, stage 2 marks
the beginning of the demographic transition as