Review Innovations CE Review for April 2024 – Strength of Materials 5

Shear Flow in Beams PROBLEM 2:

𝑽 ′ ′ 𝑽 𝑽𝑸 A 4.5 m simply supported beam carries a 14 kN load 2.7 m

𝒒= 𝑨𝒚 = 𝑸= from the left support. The beam section is made from a 50 x
𝑰 𝑰 𝑰
150 mm, a 50 x 200 mm, a 50 x 250 mm, and a 50 x 300 mm
where 𝑞 = shear flow in the longitudinal planks.
direction at a line in a beam section
V = shear force at section A
I = moment of inertia of the entire
cross section of the beam
A’ = partial area of the cross section
above (or below) a line drawn
through the point at which the
shearing stress is desired B
Q = A’y’ is the first moment of area 1. Calculate the theoretical pitch of screw ‘A’ in the built-up
about the NA of the area A’ beam shown if each screw can resist 1,300 N.
Flexural Shear Stress 2. Calculate the theoretical pitch of screw ‘B’ in the built-up
beam shown if each screw can resist 1,300 N.
𝒒 𝑽𝑸/𝑰 𝑽𝑸
𝒇𝒗 = = =
𝒃 𝒃 𝑰𝒃 PROBLEM 3:

where 𝑓𝑉 = average flexural shearing stress
b = width of beam at the level the
shearing stress is desired
PROBLEM 1: (Similar to May 2003 CE Board)
A 100 mm x 250 mm timber beam is reinforced with 50 mm x
6 mm steel plates securely fastened on the top and bottom of
the timber. The beam is loaded with 9 kN/m over a 4 m span.
The modulus of elasticity is 200 GPa for steel and 16 GPa for
timber.

1. Calculate the maximum stress in the timber.

A 2.5 m simple beam supports a triangular load ranging from
0 at the left support to 10.2 kN/m at the right support. The
moment of inertia of the section is 54.17 x 106 mm4 with a
neutral axis of 75 mm. from the bottom.
2. Determine the maximum stress in the steel.
3. Calculate the minimum length of the steel plates if the
allowable stress for wood is 10 MPa.
4. Find the spacing of screws in the longitudinal direction if
each screw can resist 1750 N.

PROBLEM 4:
100
The column shown below is built up by gluing two identical
boards together.

100

50 50 50

1. Calculate the maximum shear in the beam.

2. Determine the shear stress at the N.A. of the section.
3. Find the maximum shear stress.

Shear Connectors in Built-up members

1. Determine the maximum normal stress developed on the
𝑹𝑰 cross section when the eccentric load P = 50 kN is applied.
𝒔= 2. Determine the maximum normal tensile stress developed
𝑽𝑸
on the cross section when the eccentric load P = 50 kN is
where s = pitch of shear connector in built-up applied.
beams 3. If the wood has an allowable normal stress of 𝜎𝑎𝑙𝑙 = 6 MPa,
determine the maximum allowable eccentric load, P, that
R = resistance of shear connector within can be applied to the column.
the pitch length s
FOR PRACTICE:
I = moment of inertia of the entire cross
section of the beam PROBLEM 5:
V = shear force at section
A guy cable is thrown over an Ipil post 150 mm in diameter.
Q = moment of area about the NA of the The allowable shear stress is 1.04 MPa parallel to grain and
elements whose sliding is resisted 1.56 MPa perpendicular to grain. Find the tension in the
by shear connectors horizontal cable as determined by the shearing stress:

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 Review Innovations CE Review for April 2024 – Strength of Materials 5
1. if the cable is next to the ground 140 mm
Ans: 27.57 kN steel 20 mm
2. if the cable is 0.90 m above ground
Ans: 13.78 kN
aluminum 150 mm

PROBLEM 6: (November 2011 CE Board)

bronze 50 mm
A hollow circular pole, 6 mm thick, with 300 mm outside
diameter and height of 3 m weighs 150 N/m. The pole is
subjected to the following: vertical load, P = 3 kN at an 1. Determine the maximum stress in the aluminum core.
eccentricity, e = 100 mm from the centroid of the section; Ans: 30.65 MPa
lateral force, H = 0.45 kN at the top of the pole increasing the 2. Determine the maximum stress in the steel plate.
base moment. Ans: 109.94 MPa
3. Determine the maximum stress in the bronze plate.
1. Determine the maximum compressive stress (MPa) at the Ans: 54.50 MPa
base due to the vertical loads.
Ans: 1.37 MPa
2. Determine the maximum tensile stress (MPa) at the base
due to the vertical and lateral loads.
Ans: 3.51 MPa
3. If the hollow pole is replaced by a solid wood pole of 250
mm diameter, determine the maximum shear stress (MPa)
at the base.
Ans: 0.012 MPa

PROBLEM 7:

A 100 mm x 250 mm timber beam is reinforced with a 50 mm

x 6 mm steel plate attached at bottom of the timber. The beam
is loaded with 9 kN/m over a 4 m span. The modulus of
elasticity is 200 GPa for steel and 16 GPa for timber.

1. Calculate the moment of inertia of the equivalent timber

section.
Ans: 183.6 x 106 mm4
2. Determine the maximum stress for timber.
Ans: 13.89 MPa
3. Determine the maximum stress for steel.
Ans: 140.1 MPa

PROBLEM 8:

A link 160 mm in diameter for a certain machine has its area

reduced by ½ at section A-B. The link is subjected to a tensile
force of 240 kN.

P P

B
1. Calculate the moment of inertia of section A-B.
Ans: 4.5056 x 106 mm4
2. Compute the maximum tensile stress developed across
section A-B.
Ans. 85.29 MPa
3. What is the minimum tensile stress across section A-B?
Ans. 0

PROBLEM 9:

An experimental beam section consisting of an aluminum core

to which plates of steel and bronze are securely attached is
subjected to a bending moment of 70 kN∙m. Es = 200 GPa, Ea =
70 GPa and Eb = 80 GPa.

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