Integumentary, Skeletal and Muscular System

Answer Key with Questions
integumentary, skeletal and muscular system
1) Rebecca and several friends are at the beach for the day. By the end of the day, the girls’ skin has
begun to tan, and questions about tanning leads Rebecca’s friend to ask about the purpose of skin.
Rebecca’s father is a dermatologist, and she asks him about the different functions of skin. What is
one answer Rebecca’s father gives?
The layers of skin prevent feelings of pain.
Heat absorbed by skin warms the body core.
Skin stores vital minerals needed by the body.
One skin layer makes vitamin D for the body.
Correct Answer
One skin layer makes vitamin D for the body.
2) Kalil is assembling a model of a human skeleton for his coach’s lecture about common sports
injuries. Which bone placement will Kalil make?
The patella is between the skull and vertebrae.
The radius and ulna are bones in the shoulder.
The upper ribs are connected to the sternum.
The clavicle connects two major leg bones.
Correct Answer
The upper ribs are connected to the sternum.
Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. 1/40

This content was printed for the exclusive use of licensed students.
3) While watching a track and field meet, Toki notices the physical differences between the athletes
participating in different events. She observes the bursts of speed displayed by the sprinters, the
endurance of the long-distance runners, and the large muscle mass of the shot-put throwers. Toki
believes there is a genetic basis for these differences. Critique Toki’s statement.
Correct Answer
Answers may vary.
4) Which of the following is the primary organ of the integumentary system?

skin
organ
ligament
bone
Correct Answer
skin
5) What are two features of temperature regulation in skin?

fatty tissues and sweating
melanin and vitamin D production
platelets and clotting
melanoma and vitamin D production
Correct Answer
fatty tissues and sweating

6) Which of following are types of skin tissues? Select all that apply.
muscular
connective
keratin
nerve
epithelial
sebaceous
melanin
Correct Answer
muscular
connective
nerve
epithelial

7) Place the descriptions into the correct the types of tissues in the integumentary system.
epithelial tissue muscle tissue connective tissue nerve tissue
Answer Bank
perception of one’s environment regulation of body temperature elasticity and nourishment
vitamin D production movement of hair constriction and dilation of blood vessels
protection from desiccation and UV light flexibility
Correct Answer
epithelial tissue
regulation of body temperature
vitamin D production
protection from desiccation and UV light
muscle tissue
movement of hair
constriction and dilation of blood vessels
connective tissue
elasticity and nourishment
flexibility
nerve tissue
perception of one’s environment
8) Which of the following structures lubricates the skin?

sebaceous gland
hair follicle
acne
hair
Correct Answer
sebaceous gland

9) A pigment called absorbs sunlight to protect the cell.
Correct Answer
Blank 1: melanin

10) Fill in the blanks using the available answer choices.

Select the correct labels for the following image.
A (Blank 1)
B (Blank 2)
C (Blank 3)
D (Blank 4)
E (Blank 5)
Blank 1 options Blank 2 options Blank 3 options Blank 4 options

Sweat gland Hair shaft Dermis Hair follicle
Sensory receptor Sweat pore Epidermis Fatty tissue
Sebaceous gland Sebaceous gland Subcutaneous layer Sweat gland
Blank 5 options
Hair shaft
Hair follicle
Sweat gland
Correct Answer
Sebaceous gland
Sweat pore
Dermis
Sweat gland
Hair shaft

11) Both hair and nails contain keratin, a protein that waterproofs and protects the cells and tissues that
lie underneath.
True
False
Correct Answer
True
12) Cells surrounding the nail and hair cells dehydrate, causing the cells to shrink and pull away from
nails and hair.
True
False
Correct Answer
True
13) Explain the difference between epidermis and dermis.
Correct Answer
Answers may vary.

14) Which of these is not one of the four main types of skin tissues?
keratin
epithelial
connective
nerve
Correct Answer
keratin
15) What important function does the bottom skin layer in this image have?
waterproofs skin
absorbs sunlight
regulates temperature
opens pore
Correct Answer
regulates temperature

16) What structure produces oil?

sebaceous gland
acne
hair
hair follicle
Correct Answer
sebaceous gland

A pigment called absorbs sunlight to protect the cell.
(Blank 1)
Blank 1 options
keratin
melanin
melanoma
Correct Answer
melanin
18) Summarize the functions of skin.
Correct Answer
Answers may vary.

19) Identify the following bones as part of the axial skeleton or the appendicular skeleton.
Axial skeleton Appendicular skeleton
skull
hips
arms
ribs
legs
sternum
Correct Answer
skull Axial skeleton
hips Appendicular skeleton
arms Appendicular skeleton
ribs Axial skeleton
legs Appendicular skeleton
sternum Axial skeleton

20) Compare the functions of the axial and the appendicular skeleton.
Correct Answer
Answers may vary.
21) Which of these are not important functions of the skeletal system?
transmits nerve signals; produces actin
stores minerals; provides support
helps maintain homeostasis; stores minerals
forms platelets; stores minerals
Correct Answer
22) Which type of joint allows a piano player’s fingers to play music?
hinge
pivot
suture
gliding
Correct Answer
gliding


Complete the table by selecting the correct description and example of each joint type.
Joi
nt Description Example
typ
e
Su
tur (Blank 1) (Blank 2)
es
Gli
din (Blank 3) (Blank 4)
g
Hi
ng (Blank 5) (Blank 6)
e
Piv
ot (Blank 7) (Blank 8)
Bal
l-
an
d- (Blank 9) (Blank 10)
so
ck
et
Blank 1 options
Not movable
Allows for rotation
Allows back-and-forth movement like a door
Allows side-to-side and back-and-forth movement
Widest range of motion; allows a person to swing their arms and legs
Blank 2 options
Skull
Lower arm(s)
Wrists and ankles
Shoulders and hips
Elbows and knees
Blank 3 options
Not movable
Allows for rotation
Blank 4 options
Skull
Lower arm(s)
Wrists and ankles
Shoulders and hips
Elbows and knees
Blank 5 options
Not movable
Allows for rotation


Blank 6 options
Skull
Lower arm(s)
Wrists and ankles
Shoulders and hips
Elbows and knees
Blank 7 options
Not movable
Allows for rotation
Blank 8 options
Skull
Lower arm(s)
Wrists and ankles
Shoulders and hips
Elbows and knees
Blank 9 options
Not movable
Allows for rotation
Blank 10 options
Skull
Lower arm(s)
Wrists and ankles
Shoulders and hips
Elbows and knees
Correct Answer
Not movable
Skull
Wrists and ankles
Elbows and knees
Allows for rotation
Lower arm(s)
Shoulders and hips

24) Match the following descriptions with the correct terms.

Creates red and
white blood cells and
platelets
Bone-forming cells
responsible for the
growth and repair of
bone
Porous bone that is
found where marrow
cavities are located
Bone-reducing cells
responsible for
increased blood
calcium levels and
removal of old bone
cells
Creates fat
Dense bone found
where support is
important
yellow bone marrow
spongy bone
red bone marrow
osteoclast
compact bone
osteoblast
Correct Answer
Creates red and white blood cells and platelets red bone marrow
Bone-forming cells responsible for the growth and

repair of bone osteoblast
Porous bone that is found where marrow cavities

are located spongy bone
Bone-reducing cells responsible for increased

blood calcium levels and removal of old bone osteoclast
cells
Creates fat yellow bone marrow
Dense bone found where support is important compact bone

25) What is the proper sequence of bone repair?

callus formation—fracture/swelling—remodeling
remodeling—callus formation—fracture/swelling
fracture/swelling—callus formation—remodeling
fracture/swelling—remodeling—callus formation
Correct Answer
fracture/swelling—callus formation—remodeling
26) Place the following steps of bone repair into the correct order.
1)
2)
3)
4)
5)
6)
The brain produces endorphins to temporarily reduce the amount of pain.
The bone is broken.
Osteoblasts form a callus made of new spongy bone.
The injured area swells to protect the repair site.
Osteoclasts remove spongy bone while osteoblasts form compact bone.
Clotted blood forms in the space between the broken bones.
Correct Answer
1. The bone is broken.
2. The brain produces endorphins to temporarily reduce the amount of pain.
3. The injured area swells to protect the repair site.
4. Clotted blood forms in the space between the broken bones.
5. Osteoblasts form a callus made of new spongy bone.
6. Osteoclasts remove spongy bone while osteoblasts form compact bone.

27) What type of cell is working during this phase of bone repair?
osteoblasts
cardiac cells
compact cells
marrow cells
Correct Answer
osteoblasts
28) Which of these are not important functions of the skeletal system?
helps maintain homeostasis; stores minerals
stores minerals; provides support
forms platelets; stores minerals
Correct Answer


The includes bones of the shoulders, arms, hands, hips,
(Blank 1)
legs, and feet.
Blank 1 options
axial skeleton
appendicular skeleton
Correct Answer
30) bone contains cavities and bone marrow.
Correct Answer
Blank 1: Spongy or spongy
31) Ligaments important because they hold bones together.

True
False
Correct Answer
True

32) Categorize the following bones as part of the axial skeleton or part of the appendicular skeleton.
Axial skeleton Appendicular
skeleton
Answer Bank
pelvic girdle radius ribs skull sternum tarsal bones
Correct Answer
Axial skeleton
ribs
skull
sternum
Appendicular skeleton
pelvic girdle
radius
tarsal bones


Complete the table that describes the similarities and differences among the three types of muscles.
T
y
p
e
o
f
Voluntary or Number of Location
m Involuntary nuclei
u
s
c
l
e
S
k
e
l
e (Blank 1) (Blank 2) (Blank 3)
t
a
l
S
m
o
o (Blank 4) (Blank 5) (Blank 6)
t
h
C
a
r
d (Blank 7) (Blank 8) (Blank 9)
i
a
c
Blank 1 options Blank 2 options Blank 3 options

voluntary one Heart
involuntary multiple In the walls of organs and blood vessels
All over the body, attached to bones and skin
voluntary one Heart
voluntary one Heart
Correct Answer
voluntary
multiple
involuntary
one
In the walls of organs and blood vessels

involuntary
one
Heart
34) Muscles arranged in a network with efficient and rhythmic contractions are called __ muscles.
voluntary
skeletal
antagonistic
cardiac
Correct Answer
cardiac
35) Describe how smooth muscle differs from other muscle types.
Correct Answer
Answers may vary.

36) Describe how skeletal muscle differs from other muscle types.
Correct Answer
Answers may vary.

37) Place the labels on the correct structure of a myofibril.
Sarcomere
A band
M line
Z line
Myofibril
Correct Answer

M line
Myofibril
Z line
A band Sarcomere

38) The part of the muscle that contracts is the __.

actin
myosin
sarcomere
muscle fiber
Correct Answer
sarcomere
39) What do muscles require for aerobic ATP production?

lactic acid fermentation
alcohol fermentation
oxygen and cellular respiration
carbon dioxide and cellular respiration
Correct Answer
40) State the parts of skeletal muscles. Describe their relationship to each other. Use the terms actin,
myofibrils, myosin, and sarcomeres in your answer.
Correct Answer
Answers may vary.

41) Protein filaments that make up myofibrils are called __.

cardiac cells and sarcomeres
sarcomeres and myosin
sarcomeres and actin
actin and myosin
Correct Answer
actin and myosin
42) What do muscles require for ATP production?

lactic acid and fermentation
an anaerobic process
anaerobic fermentation
Correct Answer
43) Which of the following statements is not true regarding sliding filament theory?
Myosin filaments slide together.
Contractions are activated by nerve signals.
Actin filaments slide together.
Myosin filaments remain still.
Correct Answer
Myosin filaments slide together.


Muscles arranged in a network with efficient and rhythmic contractions are called
(Blank 1)
muscles.
Blank 1 options
cardiac
skeletal
smooth
Correct Answer
cardiac
45) Indicate how smooth muscle differs from other muscle types.
Correct Answer
Answers may vary.

46) Evaluate the attributes of slow-twitch muscles that allow them to have more endurance than fast-
twitch muscles.
Correct Answer
Answers may vary.
47) Which is part of the repair process to heal a broken bone?

Osteoclasts remove dead bone cells to clean the site.
Endorphins cause inflammation to hasten cell division.
Osteoblasts form rigid structures to immobilize the site.
A blood clot temporarily keeps blood from the bone.
Correct Answer
Osteoclasts remove dead bone cells to clean the site.
48) Which explains why a person’s skin becomes darker when frequently exposed to sunlight?
Exposure to sunlight causes melanin to be produced.
Epithelial cells in the epidermis stretch to protect tissues.
Cells in the dermis layer become thicker and layered.
Sebaceous glands secrete additional oil for protection.
Correct Answer
Exposure to sunlight causes melanin to be produced.

49) Which occurs in the integumentary system after a deep injury occurs to the system?
Dermis cells close the injured vein.
Blood quickly clots to form a scab.
Red blood cells fight off pathogens.
Epidermis cells increase their size.
Correct Answer
Blood quickly clots to form a scab.
50) Which is part of the appendicular skeleton?

clavicle
sternum
skull
vertebra
Correct Answer
clavicle
51) Grasping a tennis ball in the palm of the hand is made possible by __.
pivot joints
gliding joints
hinge joints
suture joints
Correct Answer
hinge joints
52) Which would cause fatigue in the body of a long-distance runner?

decrease of fermentation energy
metabolizing oxygen aerobically
buildup of lactic acid in muscles
excess ATP created in muscle cells
Correct Answer
buildup of lactic acid in muscles


Living bone cells are called .
(Blank 1)
Blank 1 options
osteocytes
osteoblasts
osteoclasts
Correct Answer
osteocytes

The femur and tibia are held together by a .
(Blank 1)
Blank 1 options
ligament
tendon
Correct Answer
ligament
55) The type of bone with a large number of cavities containing bone marrow is called
bone.
Correct Answer
Blank 1: spongy
56) Tissues beneath epidermal cells could easily become waterlogged if the cells did not contain the
protein .
Correct Answer
Blank 1: keratin

57) Most sunburns are categorized as third-degree burns.

True
False
Correct Answer
False
58) The basic unit of a muscle that causes contraction is called a sarcomere.
True
False
Correct Answer
True

59) Study the skeleton below. Identify the parts labeled A–Q.
A clavicle
B skull
C ribs
D radius
E scapula
F humerus
G vertebral column
H sternum
I ulna
Correct Answer
A skull
B sternum
C ribs
D vertebral column

E clavicle
F scapula
G humerus
H ulna
I radius
60) Infer when an injury to the skin would cause bleeding or nerve damage.
Correct Answer
Answers may vary.

61) Infer the effect of deficient osteoblasts during fetal development.
Correct Answer
Answers may vary.
62) Consider how a soccer player depends on a properly functioning skeletal system.
Correct Answer
Answers may vary.

63) List the three basic types of muscles. Describe each type of muscle.
Correct Answer
Answers may vary.
64) Which of the following statements are true of keratin? Select all that apply.
contained in the connective tissue of the dermis
protects cells from ultraviolet light
helps waterproof and protect underlying cells
contained in the outer layer of epidermal cells
Correct Answer
helps waterproof and protect underlying cells
contained in the outer layer of epidermal cells
65) Which of the following best describes myofibrils?

muscle fibers composed of myosin and actin
muscles' functional units that contract
groups of antagonistic muscles
protein filaments that are the smallest units of muscle fibers
Correct Answer
muscle fibers composed of myosin and actin

66) Which of the following helps lubricate skin and hair?

keratin
melanin
hair follicles
sebaceous glands
Correct Answer
sebaceous glands
67) Determine whether the statements best describe the epidermis or the dermis.
dermis epidermis
Answer Bank
outer layer of skin a lower layer of skin contains nerve cells, muscle fibers, and sweat glands
cells contain keratin cells contain melanin consists of connective tissue
consists of epithelial cells
Correct Answer
dermis
a lower layer of skin
contains nerve cells, muscle fibers, and sweat glands
consists of connective tissue
epidermis
outer layer of skin
cells contain keratin
cells contain melanin
consists of epithelial cells

68) Match the vocabulary term to its definition.
bone-forming cell osteoclast

cells that break down osteoblast
bone cells
osteocyte
living bone cells
ossification
formation of bones
from osteoblasts
Correct Answer
bone-forming cell osteoblast
cells that break down bone cells osteoclast
living bone cells osteocyte
formation of bones from osteoblasts ossification
69) Match the definition to its vocabulary term.

smooth muscle
cardiac muscle
skeletal muscle
striated muscle that causes movement when contracted and is attached to bones by tendons
involuntary muscle found only in the heart
muscle that lines many hollow internal organs, such as the stomach and uterus
Correct Answer
smooth muscle muscle that lines many hollow internal organs,

such as the stomach and uterus
cardiac muscle involuntary muscle found only in the heart
striated muscle that causes movement when

skeletal muscle contracted and is attached to bones by tendons

70) The is the functional unit that contracts in a skeletal muscle.
Correct Answer
Blank 1: sarcomere or sarcomeres
71) Bones are held together at joints by tough bands of connective tissue called .
Correct Answer
Blank 1: ligaments or ligament
72) Tough bands of connective tissue that connect muscles to bones are called .
Correct Answer
Blank 1: tendons or tendon

The human skeleton has two basic divisions. The
(Blank 1)
includes the bones of the arms, legs, feet, hands, hips, and shoulders. The
includes the bones of the vertebral column, ribs, skull,
(Blank 2)
and sternum.
Blank 1 options Blank 2 options
appendicular skeleton appendicular skeleton
axial skeleton axial skeleton
Correct Answer
axial skeleton
74) Myofibrils consist of smaller subunits, and , which are

protein filaments.
Correct Answer
Blank 1: actin or myosin
Blank 2: myosin or actin


Hair cells grow out of narrow cavities in the dermis called .
(Blank 1)
Blank 1 options
hair follicles
sebaceous glands
Correct Answer
hair follicles

Select the type of bone that best fits each description.
Description Type of bone
inner bone layer with many cavities that contain bone marrow (Blank 1)
strong, dense outer bone layer that contains Haversian systems (Blank 2)
Blank 1 options Blank 2 options

compact bone compact bone
spongy bone spongy bone
Correct Answer
spongy bone
compact bone

77) Identify the two types of bone marrow and give a brief description of their functions.
Correct Answer
Answers may vary.
78) Define the terms voluntary muscle and involuntary muscle and give one example of each.
Correct Answer
Answers may vary.

79) Define the term melanin.
Correct Answer
Answers may vary.


Integumentary, Skeletal and Muscular System

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Description:

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

Integumentary, Skeletal and Muscular System

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

Answer Key with Questions

integumentary, skeletal and muscular system

Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. 1/40

4) Which of the following is the primary organ of the integumentary system?

5) What are two features of temperature regulation in skin?

Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. 2/40

Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. 3/40

perception of one’s environment regulation of body temperature elasticity and nourishment

vitamin D production movement of hair constriction and dilation of blood vessels

protection from desiccation and UV light ﬂexibility

8) Which of the following structures lubricates the skin?

Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. 4/40

9) A pigment called absorbs sunlight to protect the cell.

Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. 5/40

10) Fill in the blanks using the available answer choices.

Blank 1 options Blank 2 options Blank 3 options Blank 4 options

Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. 6/40

13) Explain the diﬀerence between epidermis and dermis.

Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. 7/40

Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. 8/40

16) What structure produces oil?

17) Fill in the blanks using the available answer choices.

18) Summarize the functions of skin.

Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. 9/40

skull Axial skeleton

hips Appendicular skeleton

arms Appendicular skeleton

ribs Axial skeleton

legs Appendicular skeleton

sternum Axial skeleton

Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. 10/40

Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. 11/40

23) Fill in the blanks using the available answer choices.

Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. 12/40

Allows side-to-side and back-and-forth movement

Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. 13/40

24) Match the following descriptions with the correct terms.

Bone-forming cells responsible for the growth and

Porous bone that is found where marrow cavities

Bone-reducing cells responsible for increased

Creates fat yellow bone marrow

Dense bone found where support is important compact bone

Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. 14/40

25) What is the proper sequence of bone repair?

Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. 15/40

Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. 16/40

29) Fill in the blanks using the available answer choices.

30) bone contains cavities and bone marrow.

31) Ligaments important because they hold bones together.

Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. 17/40

pelvic girdle radius ribs skull sternum tarsal bones

Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. 18/40

33) Fill in the blanks using the available answer choices.

Blank 1 options Blank 2 options Blank 3 options

In the walls of organs and blood vessels

Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. 20/40

Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. 21/40

37) Place the labels on the correct structure of a myoﬁbril.

Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. 22/40

Copyright © 2022, McGraw-Hill Education. 23/40

38) The part of the muscle that contracts is the __.

39) What do muscles require for aerobic ATP production?