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Precast Concrete23
Precast Concrete23
Quality Assurance:
The key factors which regulate the quality of construction such as
curing, temperature, mix design, formwork, etc. can be monitored
for pre cast concrete. So, improved quality construction can be
performed.
Precast Concrete
ADVANTAGES
Cost-effective:
The simplified construction process reduces time, increases
productivity, quality and safety and thus the cost is reduced.
Durability:
Precast Concrete structure has a longer service time period and
minimal maintenance. The high-density Precast concrete is more
durable against acid attack, corrosion, and impact, reduces surface
voids, and resists the accumulation of dust.
Precast Concrete
ADVANTAGES
Aesthetics:
As the structures are made of prefabricated
concrete in a controlled factory environment,
several combinations of colors and textures
can be used. A wide range of shapes and
sizes are available to choose from with
smooth finishing and thus the aesthetical
value of products is increased.
Safe Construction Platform:
No raw materials have to be stocked on the
site for precast concrete construction. It
reduces the requirement of traditional
formworks and props, wastage, workers, etc.,
and thus provides a safe working platform.
Precast Concrete
ADVANTAGES
• Expedited construction
•Reduce time on site
•Reduces site defects
•Reduces propping and scaffolding costs
•Lower site labour cost
•Reduce plant, amenities, tools and materials storage on
site.
• Minimize finance cost resulting from reduced build time.
•Earlier revenue receipts because of shorter project times.
•The continued, uninterrupted erection of precast structural
components lends itself perfectly to fast track construction
schedules.
Precast Concrete
DISADVANTAGES
High Initial Investment:
For installing a precast concrete plant, heavy and sophisticated
machines are necessary which requires a high initial investment. A
large scale of precast construction projects must be available to
ensure sufficient profit.
Transportation Issue:
The construction site can be at a distant location from the precast
concrete plant. in that case, the precast members must be carried to
the site using trailers. in many cases, the reduced costs of pre cast
concrete are compensated by the transportation cost.
Precast Concrete
DISADVANTAGES
Handling Difficulties:
Proper care and precaution have to be taken for handling precast
concrete. Usually, precast members are heavy and large which
makes them difficult to handle without damage. Generally,
portable or tower cranes are used to handle precast members.
Modification:
Limitation in the case of precast structures, it is difficult to modify
the structure. For example, if structural precast concrete walls are
to be dismantled for modification it will impact the overall
stability of the structure.
Sensitive Connection Works:
Assembling the precast members is one of the key points for
ensuring strong structural behavior. Connections between several
structural members must be supervised and done properly to
ensure the intended behavior of the connection such as simple,
semi-rigid, or rigid connections. Besides this, faulty connections
in precast concrete may lead to water leakage and failed sound
insulation.
Precast Concrete
DISADVANTAGES
• Pre-tensioned concrete
• Bonded Post-tensioned concrete.
• Un-bonded Post-tensioned concrete
PRE-TENSIONED CONCRETE
In this method, wires or tendons are tensioned at first and concrete is poured
later. It creates good bondage between the tendon and concrete. As a result,
the tendons are protected from corrosion, and tensions are transferred
directly. Tendons are anchored and stretched and the stress is transferred to
the concrete when it is hard. Then the tendon tries to get back to the original
length but is resisted by the bond between the concrete hence it induces
compressive force in it.
BONDED POST-TENSIONEDCONCRETE
Concrete is poured first then tendons are tensioned. Tendons are placed
at suitable places in the member and then casting is done. After the
concrete becomes hard, the tendons are tensioned by hydraulic jacks
against the concrete. When the tendons have tensioned sufficiently,
according to design, they are fixed in position. After the jacks are
removed, tension remains and it transfers pressure to the concrete. This
method is widely used in building monolithic slabs for mega house
construction projects where expansive soil sometimes creates problems.
Moreover, post-tensioned concrete is also used in bridges.
UN-BONDED POST-TENSIONED CONCRETE
•As full member section is utilized here, a higher moment of inertia, less
deformations, and high shear capacity is achieved with a lower section
size.
•It requires a smaller amount of construction materials.
•Better finishing of placed concrete
•It resists stresses that are higher than normal RCC structures and is free
from cracks.
•Rapid construction with better quality control is possible.
•Less maintenance is required.
•For repetitive construction, prestressed concrete is more suitable than
regular concrete without prestressing.
•In this type of concrete, multiple uses of formwork are possible. It can
reduce the formwork amount.
DISADVANTAGES
Construction of Bridges:
• The most common use is in the construction of pre-stressed concrete
box girder bridges, where the concrete is pre-stressed in the factory
before being transported to the bridge site. This type of bridge is very
strong and durable and is often used in the construction of long-span
bridges.
• also used in the construction of cable-stayed bridges, the precast
concrete deck slab is supported by a series of cables that are connected to
towers.
Construction of Buildings
• This type of concrete is made by adding steel to the concrete mix, which
gives it added strength and stability. Prestressed concrete is often used
for beams and columns, as well as for floor and roof slabs in prestressed
concrete buildings. It is also commonly used for making precast concrete
products such as wall panels and stairs.
APPLICATIONS OF PRESTRESSED CONCRETE