Analysis of Fixed Beams

Dr.T.D.GUNNESWARA RAO
PROFESSOR OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
 Fixed Beams

 A fixed beam is a
beam with both the
ends fixed.
Indeterminacy
 Number of unknown
support Reactions : 6
 Number of Equilibrium
Equations: 3
R5
 Indeterminacy : 6-3=3 R2
 One condition can be
relaxed
 Then Indeterminacy = 3-1=2 R3 R4 R6
 Hence Two extra equations R1
or conditions over and
above three equilibrium
equations are to be
developed.
 Deformations

 At fixed supports,
◦ Slope =0
◦ δv =0 (Vertical
Displacement)
θ=0 θ=0
◦ δH =0 (Horizontal δV=0 δV=0
δH=0 δH=0
Displacement)
 A B

Draw tangents at A and B to the elastic curve

As the slope of elastic curve at A and B is
zero, the line AB would be the common
tangent to the elastic curve at A and B

This indicates two important observations

 A B

Deviation angle between the tangents

drawn at A and B must be equal to
ZERO

 Thus in the case of a fixed beam, the area of M/EI diagram

between the fixed support s (A) and (B) is zero.
 A B

Vertical intercept between the tangents

drawn at A and B, at any point must be
equal to ZERO

 Thus in the case of a fixed beam, the moment of M/EI diagram

between the fixed support (A) and (B) about B is zero.
Example Problem

a W b

A B

a W b

A B

A B

L
 a W b

A B

Wab/LEI

Taking moments about B,

 A B

MA /EI
-ve MB /EI
 In the case of a fixed beam, the area of M/EI diagram
between the fixed support s (A) and (B) is zero.
 In the case of a fixed beam, the moment of area of
M/EI diagram between the fixed support s (A) and (B)
about any point is zero.
 a W b

A B
 Fixed beam with a central concentrated
load
W
a=L/2 b=L/2

A B
 W
a=L/2 b=L/2

A B

+ve

-ve -ve

L/4 L/4
 Determine the fixed end moments in a fixed
beam subjected to UDL of intensity W.

W/ unit length
A B
L

WL2 /8
+ve

MA -ve MB
 Wdx W/ unit length
A B
L
x L-x

dx
 W/ unit length
A B

+ve
WL2 /8
-ve -ve
 M
MA B

MB
L

a b
M
=

L
+ B
MA
L

+ B

RA L
 a b

M =
A B
L

+ve M/EI
 a b
MA
A B
L

-ve MA /EI
 a b
RA
A B
L

RA L/EI
+ve
 In the case of a fixed beam, the area of M/EI diagram
between the fixed support s (A) and (B) is zero.
 In the case of a fixed beam, the moment of area of
M/EI diagram between the fixed support s (A) and (B)
about any point is zero.
 Sinking of support
MA B

L δ

B’
MB

MA /EI
-ve MB /EI
A B

L
MA /EI
-ve MB /EI
 In the case of a fixed beam, the area of M/EI diagram
between the fixed support s (A) and (B) is zero.
 In the case of a fixed beam, the moment of area of
M/EI diagram between the fixed support s (A) and (B)
about B, is -δ.
Solving equation (1) and (2)
 Sinking of support
MA B

L δ

B’
MB

δ
 Effect of support rotation

B
θ

L θ

 Draw tangent A and B. The deviation angle is θ.

 The area of M/EI diagram between the fixed

support s (A) and (B) is θ.
 Draw tangent A and B. Vertical intercept at B is
zero.
 The moment of area of M/EI diagram between the
fixed support s (A) and (B) about B, is 0.
 B
θ

MA MB
A B

L
MA /EI
-ve MB /EI
 In the case of a fixed beam, the area of M/EI diagram
between the fixed support s (A) and (B) is θ.
 In the case of a fixed beam, the moment of area of
M/EI diagram between the fixed support s (A) and (B)
about B, is 0.
Solving equation (1) and (2)