,(SAS 1)
INFORMATION and COMMUNICATION
TECHNPOLOGY (ICT)
- Variety of technologies that facilitate
communication.
- Used to describe the convergence of
several technologies, and the use of
common transmission lines and
communication formats to transfer
diverse data types of devices.
- Broad context to understand, it has
brought a boarder understanding of its
use for socio-economic and educational
development.
COMPONENTS OF ICT
DATA
- Raw material of any ICT system and this
is processed by the system to provide
the information which is the output
produced by the system.
HARDWARE
- Physical components that make up the
ICT system
o Input Device – Keyboard,
Mouse, Scanner, etc.
o Storage Device – Memory, Hard
Devices, etc.
o The Processor and the Output
Devices – Screen, Pointer, and
Plotter, etc.
SOFTWARE
- Computer programs which provide step
by step information to the hardware.
INFORMATION
- Results from the processing data
- Output of an ICT system
PROCEDURES
- Series of actions conducted in a specific
order to make sure that the system runs
smoothly.
- Determines what needs to be done.
PEOPLE
- Needed to supply data to the ICT system
and to make judgements and decisions
from the output supplied from the
systems.
ICT FOR BUSINESS AND ORGANIZATIONS
1) Improve communication with suppliers and
customers.
2) Improve organization’s responsiveness to
new development.
3) To keep up with competition.
4) Improve Organization’s overall performance.
ICT FOR EDUCATION
- Mental instrument by the students,
which supports their learning and
promotes the achievement of their
learning goals.
ICT FOR INDIVIDUALS
- Gratify their information needs.
- Increase their social network and
connections.
TOP 10 TECHNOLOGY TRENDS IN 2022 AND
BEYOD
LOCATIONLESS ORGANIZATIONS
- As pandemic limits physical contact, the
demand for remote activities, such as
work, increases.
 - 77% of workers say they’re more
productive when working from home.
DISTRIBUTED CLOUD
- 2022 Business should prepare for is the
internet behavior, a new branch of the
internet things.
CYBERSECURITY
- More and more employees are
accessing resources from remote
locations using their devices.
INCREASE OF DEMAND FOR CERTIFICATION
- Certifications have become more
imperative.
- Many IT professionals are currently
accessing cloud infrastructure remotely.
NO CODE / LOW CODE
- A visual approach to software
development, requires little to no
coding in building applications and
processes.
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
- several Al vendors are expanding their
reach and exploring opportunities in the
Asia Pacific region due to the rapid
digital transformation of its member
countries.
AR / VR
- augmented Reality (AR) is another entry
point to artificial experiences that
individuals now have access to
- according to Grand View Research, the
global AR market size was estimated at
USD 17.67 billion in 2020 and is seen to
grow to USD 340.16 billion in 2028
BLOCKCHAIN
- businesses across all industries have
shown a growing interest in adopting
blockchain technology for enhancing
their business processes.
HYPER – AUTOMATION
- organizations are transitioning from a
process-based set of automation
technologies to a more connected and
holistic automation strategy.
(SAS 2)
IMPORTANCE OF ICT IN PHILIPPINE SOCIETY
ARCHIPELAGIC COUNTRY
- Improves connectivity: there was the
ultimate belief that ICT usage will make
each country to become part of the
global trend.
IMPROVE PRODUCTIVITY AND EFFICIENCY
- The most appropriate technologies
were seen as the ones that enables the
communities and organizations to
communicate more effectively.
ICT FUNCTIONS
GOVERNMENT AND GOVERNANCE
- There was a belief that ICT help to
monitor crime in society.
EDUCATION
- Helps them reach out to colleagues in
other parts of the world and keep them
up to date with developments in their
disciplines.
ECONOMY
- Increase the ease and speed of social
communication and at the same time
obviate the problem of transportation
and can solve socio-economic problems.
EMPLOYMENT
- Instantaneous availability of data for
possible career opportunities through
ICTs.
INDUSTRIES
- ICTs were generally seen as the basic
tool for survival in the next country.
SMALL BUSINESS
- Enhance efficiency in the workplace.
ONLINE SYSTEM FUNCTIONS
SOCIAL NETWORKING WEBSITES
- Increase your social connections and
establishes a social network from a
diverse type of people.
- Ex: Facebook, YouTube, TikTok, Twitter,
etc.
SEARCH ENGINES WEBSITES
- Provides all possible online sources of
information.
- Ex: Google, DuckDuckGo, Yahoo, Bing,
Baidu, etc.
ONLINE STORAGE
- Provides online storage and repository
of important files which can be
accessed online.
- Ex: Dropbox, OneDrive, Google Drive.
COLLABORATIVE TOOLS AND WEB
APPLICATION
- Allow online collaboration on document
content among team members,
especially if it work requires intensive
assessment among members.
- Ex: Google Apps, Prezi, Office 365, Flow
dock, Slack.
(SAS 3)
ETHICS
- System of moral principles or rules that
say what is and is not acceptable.
- Came from the Greek word ‘ethos’,
which means “customs”. “habit”, and
“way of living”.
- Discipline and practice of applying value
to human behavior, resulting to
meaningful conduct.
COMPUTER ETHICS
- Set of moral principles that regulates
the use of computers.
- Theory of practical philosophy that
looks at what developers and users can
do with computer, contrasted to what
they should.
- Analyzes the moral and social
acceptability of actions that happen
strictly online but can also have offline
consequence.
- Application of classical and ethical
principles when using computer
technology.
ETHICAL PROBLEMS RELATED TO THE USE OF
COMPUTERS
1) PRIVACY
- Computers create a false sense of
security.
- People do not realize how vulnerable
information stores on computers are.
2) PROPERTY
- Physical property
- Intellectual property
- Data as property
3) ACCESS
- Access to computing technology
- Access to data
4) ACCURACY
- Accuracy of information stored.
5) HACKING, CRACKING, AND VIRUS CREATION
6) SOFTWARE POLICY
THE TEN COMMANDMENTS OF COMUTERS
ETHICS
1. Thou shalt not use a computer to harm
other people.
2. Thou shalt not interfere with other
people’s computer work.
3. Thou shalt not snoop around in other
people's files.
4. Thou shalt not use a computer to steal.
5. Thou shalt not use a computer to bear
false witness.
6. Thou shalt not use or copy software for
which you have not paid.
7. Thou shalt not use other people’s
computer resources without
authorization.
8. Thou shalt not appropriate other
people’s intellectual output.
9. Thou shalt think about social
consequences of the program you write.
10. Thou shalt use a computer in ways that
show consideration and respect.
INFORMATION SECURITY
COMPUTER VIRUS
- Kind of malicious computer program,
which when executed, replicates itself
and inserts its own code.
- When replication is done, this code
infects the other files and program
present on your system.
- Small software programs that are
designed to spread from one computer
to another and to interfere with
computer operation.
SPREADING VIRUS
- Through E-mails Attachments, Instant
Messaging messages, Funny Images,
Audio, and Video files.
- Downloading files from internet,
Greeting cards, and many more.
STEPS TO HELP AVOID VIRUSES
1. Use an Internet firewall.
2. Subscribe to industry standard antivirus
software.
3. Never open an e-mail attachment from
someone you don’t know.
4. Scan each attachment.
5. Read and understand the rules to be
followed while surfing the net.
HACKER
- Is a person who breaks into a computer
system.
- Reason for hacking: Installing malware,
stealing, or destroying data, disrupting
service, and more.
(SAS 4)
SOFTWARE
- Non-tangible aspect of computer that is
necessary for it to perform any function.
- It may be:
o Programs that instruct the
computer what to do.
o Configuration files where
important system information is
stored.
o User files that hold the result of
the computer functions.
CLASSIFICATION OF SOFTWARE
A. SYSTEM SOFTWARE
 Low level software that manages and
controls a computer’s hardware and
provides basic services to higher-level
software.
 Ex: Operating Systems (OS): Windows,
Linux, macOS, etc.
 Ex: Device Drivers: Software that
enables the communication between
hardware and OS.
B. APPLICATION SOFTWARE
 Type of computer program that
performs specific functions.
 These functions, performed by
application software, can be personal,
business as well as education.
 Also known as “End-User” software or
productivity software.
APPLICATION SOFTWARE (PRODUCTIVITY
TOOLS):
WORD PROCESSOR
- Software application capable of
creating, storing, editing, and printing
documents.
- Ex: LibreOffice Writer, Microsoft Word,
Word Pad, etc.
SPREADSHEET
- Interactive computer application
program for organization, computation,
analysis, and storage of data in tabular
form.
- Ex: LibreOffice Calc, Microsoft Excel,
etc.)
PRESENTATION
- Software package used to display
information in the form of a slide show.
- Has three primary functions: An editor
allows text to be inserted and
formatted, a method for inserting and
manipulating graphic images, and slide-
show system to display the content.
- Ex: LibreOffice Impress, Microsoft
PowerPoint, Prezi, etc.)
COMMON PART OF WORD PROCESSING
SOFTWARE
 Title Bar
 Menu Bar
 Standard Bar
 Formatting Toolbar
 Status Bar
 Rulers
 Work Area
 Scroll Bars
 Control Buttons
To create a file, follow the ff. steps:
1. Open LibreOffice application.
2. Create new files, press Ctrl + N.
3. Save the document into a directory with
a desired file name.
TITLE BAR
- Located at the top of the Writer
Window and shows the file name of
current document.
MENU BAR
- Located just below the title bar.
- When you select one of the menus, a
submenu drops down to show further
options such as:
 o Executable commands such as
Close or Save, found in the File
menu.
TOOLBARS
- Writer displays toolbars in different
ways: docked (fixed in place), or
floating. Some toolbars have sections
which you can tear-off. Docked toolbars
can be moved to different locations or
made to float, and floating toolbars can
be docked. The top docked toolbar, just
under the Menu bar, is called the
Standard toolbar. It is consistent across
all the LibreOffice applications (Writer,
Calc, Draw, Impress)
- The second toolbar at the top is context
sensitive. For example, when working
with text, the Formatting toolbar is
displayed. When the cursor is on a
graphic (image type), the Graphics
toolbar is displayed, and the Pictures
toolbar is displayed docked at the
bottom of the screen. An additional
toolbar (Bullets and Numbering) is
displayed next to the Formatting
toolbar, when for example, the cursor is
in a numbered/bulleted list.
WORK AREA
- Your working place for writing the text
and inserting any objects or images.
STATUS BAR
- Bottom of the window
- Use the Document View options at the
bottom right to change the view of the
document to a single page, multipage or
book view.
- The Zoom in or out bar (control
buttons) helps to change the size of the
text (make it appear bigger or smaller)
without changing the font size. Other
details, such as word or character
count, page number, language, etc.
are also present on the left side.
SCROLL BAR
- Vertical or Horizontal bar commonly
located on the far right or bottom of a
window that allows you to move the
window viewing area up, down, left, or
right.
RULERS
- Can use vertical and horizontal rulers at
the left and upper edges of the
LibreOffice Impress workspace to assist
you in cheating your side.
- Its dimensions are displayed on the
rulers as gray double lines.
(SAS 5)
To edit encoded texts, there are three (3)
operations performed namely:
 Copy
 Cut
 Paste
COPYING/ COPY (Ctrl. + C)
- It copies the text or image you have
selected, and stores is on your virtual
clipboard.
CUTTING / CUT (Ctrl. + X)
- Used to remove text or images from the
screen you are currently working on.
PASTE (Ctrl. + P)
- Used to place the information that you
have stored on your virtual clipboard in
the location that you have placed your
mouse cursor.
UNDO (Ctrl. + Z) and REDO (Ctrl. + Y) CURRITICULUM VITAE (CV)

- Used to move back and forth to the - Used when applying for jobs.
latest revisions on your document. - Summarize your education, skills and
experience enabling you to successfully
sell your abilities to potential
ACTIVITY KEYBOARD employers.
SHORTCUT - Your CV must contain 4 sections:
o Personal Profile
Select all text Ctrl. + A o Skills
Bold text Ctrl. + B o Education
Copy Text Ctrl. + C
o References
Open font formatting Ctrl. + D
window
Center text Ctrl. + E (SAS 6)
Find a phrase Ctrl. + F
Go to specific phrase Ctrl. + G KIND OF MATERIALS OF WORD PROCESSOR
Replace text with Ctrl. + H
1.) PICTURES
another text
Italicize text Ctrl. + I - Electronic or digital pictures or
Justify text Ctrl. + J photographs you have saved in any local
Open insert hyperlink Ctrl. + K storage device.
window
Left align text Ctrl. + L - The three (3) commonly used types of
Indent a paragraph from Ctrl. + M pictures are JPG/JPEG, GIF, and PNG.
the left
a.) JPG/JPEG
Open new document file Ctrl. + N
Open existing document Ctrl. + O - “Jay-peg”
file - File extension is .jpeg. stands for Joint
Print a document Ctrl. + P Photographic Experts Group.
Remove paragraph Ctrl. + Q - Digital image file format
formatting - It is compressed file format, when
Right align text Ctrl. + R creating JPG image from another
Save the document or Ctrl. + S uncompressed and/or lossless format,
file
the JPG image file will exhibit minor pr
Create hanging indent Ctrl. + T
severe loss of overall quality.
Underline selected text Ctrl. + U
- Most common format for storing and
Paste a text or object Ctrl. + V
that has been occupied transmitting photographic images on
Close open tab in a Ctrl. + W the internet, and the most common file
browser or a document format captured by modern digital
in Word cameras.
Cut text or object Ctrl. + X
b.) GIF
Redo any undo action Ctrl. + Y
Undo any action Ctrl. + Z - Graphics Interchange Format
Formatting Style Ctrl. + 1 - Capable of displaying
transparencies.
 - Good for blending with other - There are 12 categories of ClipArt.
materials or elements in your o Arrows
document. o Bullets
- Capable of displaying simple o Computers
animation o Diagram
- Only support up to 256 colors so it o Environment
is good mostly on logos and art o Finance
decors with very limited and o People
generally solid colors. o School and University
- Better for drawing, text, logos, o Sound
black and white images, or low- o Symbols
resolution files.
o Text Shapes
o Transportation
c.) PNG
3.) SHAPES
- Portable Network Graphics
- Printable objects or materials that you
- Raster image file format that uses
can integrate in your document to
lossless compression.
enhance its appearance or allow you to
- Created as a replacement of Graphics
have some tools to use for composing
Interchange Format (GIF) and has no
and representing ideas or messages.
copyright limitations.
- Supports lossless image compression 4.) CHART
that makes it popular among its users.
- Represent data and characteristics and
- PNG has evolved as one of the widely
trends.
used image file formats.
- Used to illustrate and compare data.
2.) CLIP ART - Useful for report presentation that
correlate and present data in a graphical
- Originates from the analog days of
manner.
graphic design.
- Line drawings or images used as generic
representation of ideas and object that
I. IMAGE PLACEMENT: IMAGE WRAPPING
you want to integrate in your document.
- Type of graphic design element based Different Types of Image Wrapping:
on illustrations rather than photos.
- Basic as black-and-white line drawing or  Wrap Off
as a complex as a realistic looking, fully  Page Wrap
shaded, vector file.  Optimal Page Wrap
- Mostly vector images are pre-made to  Wrap Left
illustrate any subject or situation.  Wrap Right
- Insert Menu > Media > Gallery.  Wrap Through in Background
- This would open the gallery window in a  Contour
right sidebar.  Edit Contour
a.) WRAP OFF
- With this option the text is placed
above and below the image but not to
either side of it.
- Used for most of the figures in this
guide.
b.) PAGE WRAP
- Use this image if you want your image
to be surrounded by the text based on
your image size.
c.) OPTIMAL PAGE WRAP
- Prevents text from being placed to the
side of the image if the pacing between
the image and the margin is less than
2cm.
d.) WRAP LEFT
- Use this option if you want your image
to be on right side and texts on the left
side.
e.) WRAP RIGHT
- Use this option if you want your image
to be on the left side and texts on the
right side.
f.) WRAP THROUGH
- Makes your image on the top of your
text and the text remains in the back
side of the image.
g.) IN BACKGROUND
- Use this option to send the image back
side of your text and all texts are
passing in front of the image.
h.) EDIT CONTOUR
- To reshape your image to any shape so
that the texts can wrap around it.
TEXT WRAP
- Adjusts how the image behaves around
other objects or text.
(SAS 7 & 8)
HEADER
- Contains a combination of text and
images/s that can be made to appear at
the top of each page when displayed or
printed.
- Appears at the top margin of each page
of a document.
- Insert Menu > header and footer >
Header > Default Style.
FOOTER
- Information that repeats throughout a
document at the bottom of the page.
- Appears at the bottom margin of each
page of document.
- Insert Menu > Header and Footer >
Footer > Default Style
WATERMARK
- Semi-transparent string of text that
appears behind the existing document
content.
- Appears across each produced file from
the bottom left to top right.
- Image or text that appears behind the
main text of the document.
- Usually lighter than the text.
- To categorize or to show the purpose of
a document with words such as DRAFT.
- Format Menu > Watermark.
PAGE NUMBER
 - Number of specific pages in a printed
document, like a book or magazine, or
an electronic document.
- Usually located at the bottom of the
page, but sometimes can be found in
the upper left or upper right corner of
the document.
- There are two ways to insert page
number:
- Insert Menu > Select Page Number.
- Insert Menu > Select Field > Select Page
Number.
HYPERLINK
- Creates connection between an
element in the document to another
resource.
- Navigate around websites and can be
used within a document easier.
- Also called LINKS as they link to other
places.
- Two ways to create hyperlink:
- Click your image or object then use the
shortcut key Ctrl. + K
- Click your image or object > Go to insert
menu > Then select Hyperlink.
(SAS 9)
LIBRE OFFICE CALC VERSION 6.4.5 INTERFACE
COLUMNS
- Vertical alignment of cells.
- Each column has its unique address and
labels as an alphabet.
- More than one million cells in a single
column and there are a total of 16,384
columns that you have in a single
worksheet.
ROWS
- Horizontal alignment of cells and runs
from left to right across the worksheet.
ACTIVE CELLS
- Simply a rectangular bow that has
highlights the cell in a spreadsheet.
- Identify the cell that we are currently
working on, where data Is being
entered.
- Also referred as cell printer, current cell,
or selected cell.
MERGING
- Taking two or more groups of data and
combining them into a single unified
cell.
MERGING CELLS
- Cell with one more cell that is combined
into one cell.
- When cell is being merged, the upper
left most cells will be the data of the
merged data.
TEXT ORIENTATION
- Allows text to be oriented 90 degrees in
either direction up or down.
WORKSHEET
- Single page in a file created with an
electric spreadsheet program such as
Microsoft Excel, LibreOffice Calc, or
Google Sheet.
WORKBOOK
- Name given to an Excel file and contains
one or more worksheet.
FORMULA BAR
- Toolbar at the top of the spreadsheet
that lets you enter or view information
in a cell.
SHEET TABS
- Display the worksheet that a user is
currently editing.
CELL

- Individual elements such as text,

numbers, and formulas.

BORDERS

- Consists of setting for your cell border:

line arrangement, line (Style, Color,
Width)

FONT EFFECTS

- Font color, text decoration, and effects.

ALIGNMENT

- Text alignment, text orientation, and

properties.

BACKGROUND

- Tab is for background color of your cells.