MANAGERS IN THE

WORKPLACE

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 LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Explain why managers are important to organizations.
2. Tell who managers are and where they work.
3. Describe the management concept and the different
functions, roles, and skills of managers.
4. Explain the value of studying management.

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 LEADERS VS MANAGERS

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 LEADERS VS MANAGERS

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 LEADERS VS MANAGERS

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 LEADERS VS MANAGERS

Leader Manager
▶ Focus on Goals ▶ Focus on Tasks
▶ Sell it ▶ Tell it
▶ Take risks ▶ Minimize risks
▶ Encourage ▶ Instruct
▶ Motivate ▶ Approve
▶ Break the rules ▶ Follow the rules
▶ Inspire ▶ Control
▶ Foster ideas ▶ Assign tasks

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DEFINITION OF MANAGEMENT
• It's the process that managers follow to accomplish
organizational goals.
• It's the process of reaching organizational goals by
working with & through people and other
organizational resources.
• Coordinating and overseeing the work activities of
others so that their activities are completed efficiently
and effectively.
• Management is the process of using organizational
resources to achieve organizational goals effectively and
efficiently through planning, organizing, leading, and
controlling.

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 ORGANIZATIONAL RESOURCES
• Human resources

• Financial Resources

• Physical Resources

• Information &
Technology

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 WHO ARE MANAGERS?

Manager – Someone who coordinates and

oversees the work of other people so that
organizational goals can be accomplished.

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WHY ARE MANAGERS IMPORTANT?

❖ Organizations need their managerial skills and

abilities more than ever in these uncertain,
complex, and chaotic times.
❖ Managerial skills and abilities are critical in
getting things done.
❖ The quality of the employee/supervisor
relationship is the most important variable in
productivity and loyalty.
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LEVELS OF MANAGEMENT

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 CLASSIFYING MANAGERS

•First-line Managers ( Frontline managers)- Individuals who

manage the work of non-managerial employees.
•Middle Managers - Individuals who manage the work of first-line
managers. (They carry out the decisions of top level managers)
•Top Managers - Individuals who are responsible for making
organization-wide decisions and establishing plans and goals that
affect the entire organization.

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 TOP MANAGERS EXAMPLES

Examples of Top level managers (Strategic level)

▶ CEO: (Chef executive officer)
▶ COO: Chief operating officer - ( responsible for the
development, design, operation and improvement of the
systems that create and deliver the firm's products, he is
responsible for ensuring that business operations are
efficient & effective)
▶ President, vice president

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MIDDLE MANAGERS EXAMPLES

Examples of Middle level managers

(Tactical level):
▶ Department Head
▶ Store Manager
▶ Project Manager
▶ Branch Manager

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FIRST-LINE MANAGERS EXAMPLES

Examples of first level (Operational

level):
▶ Supervisors
▶ Office Managers
▶ Team Leaders
▶ Foremen

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WHERE DO MANAGERS WORK?
Organization – A deliberate arrangement of people to
accomplish some specific purpose.
Common Characteristics of Organizations
❖ Have a distinct purpose (goal)
❖ Are composed of people
❖ Have a deliberate structure

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CHARACTERISTICS OF ORGANIZATIONS

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 EFFECTIVENESS AND EFFICIENCY

Efficiency Effectiveness
▶ Doing things ▶ “Doing the right
right things”
▶ Attaining
• Getting the most organizational
output for the goals.
least inputs.

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EFFICIENCY AND EFFECTIVENESS IN
MANAGEMENT

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THE FOUR MANAGEMENT FUNCTIONS

1. Planning – Defining goals, establishing strategies to

achieve goals, and developing plans to integrate and
coordinate activities
2. Organizing – Arranging and structuring work to
accomplish organizational goals.
3. Leading – Working with and through people to
accomplish goals.
4. Controlling – Monitoring, comparing, and correcting
work.

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 FOUR FUNCTIONS OF
MANAGEMENT

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 The Management Process & Goal
Attainment

planning organizing leading controlling

HR

Financial resources
Manag goals
er
Physical resources

Information resources

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 MANAGEMENT ROLES

• Roles are specific actions or behaviors

expected of a manager.
• Mintzberg identified 10 roles grouped
around interpersonal relationships, the
transfer of information, and decision-
making.

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 THREE TYPES OF ROLES
1. Interpersonal roles
– Figurehead, leader, liaison
2. Informational roles
– Monitor, disseminator, spokesperson
3. Decisional roles
– Entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator,
negotiator

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MINTZBERG’S MANAGERIAL ROLES

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 SKILLS MANAGERS NEED
• Technical skills
– Knowledge and proficiency in a specific field
• Human skills
– The ability to work well with other people
• Conceptual skills
– The ability to think and conceptualize about abstract
and complex situations concerning the organization

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 SKILLS NEEDED AT DIFFERENT
MANAGERIAL LEVELS

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SKILLS MANAGERS NEED

▶ As one moves from lower level to upper level

conceptual skills become more important and
technical skills become less important. Human skills
are important to all levels because all managers
deal with people.
▶ Managers with good human skills get the best out
of their people. They know how to communicate,
motivate, lead and inspire.

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 WHY STUDY MANAGEMENT?
• Universality of Management
– The reality that management is needed
• in all types and sizes of organizations
• at all organizational levels
• in all organizational areas
• in all organizations, regardless of location

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UNIVERSAL NEED FOR MANAGEMENT

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 QUESTIONS
1- Describe how to classify managers in organizations.
2- Define Management.
3-Explain why efficiency and effectiveness are important to
management.
4- Describe the four functions of Management.
5- Explain Mintzberg's managerial roles.
6- Describe the three managerial skills and how the importance of
these skills changes depending on managerial level.

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 QUESTIONS
7- Explain the characteristics of an organization.
8- Explain the universality of management concept.
9-Draw a figure that illustrates the managerial levels.
10-Draw a figure that illustrates the management process and goal
attainment.

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 APPLICATION OF CONCEPTS

▶ Analyze the differences between traditional

organizations and contemporary organizations.
▶ Is there one best “style” of management? Why or
why not?
▶ In your own point of view, Management can be
considered a science, art or both? Justify your
answer.
▶ Compare between leaders and managers.

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