School: Conde Labac Integrated School Grade Level: Grade11 Knowledge

Lesson Plan Practice Teacher: Joy Michelle F. Amparo Learning Area: Basic Calculus
Teaching Date: February 15, 2023 Quarter: 3
Teaching Time: 6:50-8:50 A.M. No. of Days: 1

I. Objectives At the end of the lesson, the learners should be able

to:
1. Define limits.
2. Illustrate the limit of a function using a table
of values
3. Investigate the limit of a function using the
graph.
A. Content Standards The learner demonstrates an understanding of the
basic concepts of limit and continuity of a function.
B. Performance Standards The learner shall be able to formulate and solve
accurately real-life problems involving continuity
of functions.
C. Most Essential Learning Competencies Illustrate the limit of a function using a table of
(MELC) values and the graph of the function.
(STEM_BC11LC-IIIa-1)
D. Enabling Competencies
II. CONTENT LIMITS AND CONTINUITY
III. LEARNING RESOURCES
A. References
a. Learner’s Material Pages Basic Calculus Learner’s Material
b. Textbook Pages
c. Additional Materials from Learning
Resources
B. List of Learning Resources for Development
and Engagement Activities
IV. PROCEDURES

A. Prayer
Let’s all bow our heads and feel the holy presence
of our dear Lord as we start our class.
Ms. Alyssa, please lead our prayer.
B. Greetings
Good day class!
How are you feeling today? Are you ready for our
topic today?
I am glad that all of you are happy on this day.
C. Checking of Attendance
Is everybody present today?
D. Review
Can somebody in the class share an unforgettable
experience in Pre-Calculus?
Very good! I am very grateful to hear your experiences
in Pre-Calculus.
E. Motivation

1
What
have
you

observed in the given picture?

Imagine that you are going to watch a basketball game.
When you choose seats, you would want to be as close
to the action as possible. You would want to be as close
to the players as possible, as if you were in the
basketball court yourself.
So, think of it. Why do most of you want to be close to
the action or to the players?
Very Good!
You’re right. Even though you cannot actually be in the
court and join the players, you can describe what is
happening in the game because you are close enough to
them.
This is how it is with limits of functions. We will
consider functions of a single variable and study the
behavior of the function as its variable approaches a
particular value (a constant).
The variable can only take values very, very close to the
constant, but it cannot equal the constant itself.
However, the limit will be able to describe clearly what
is happening to the function near that constant.
Lesson Proper
Today, I will be discussing to you the limits.
Limits
Let “f” be a function defined on some open interval
containing the number “c” except possibly at “c” itself.
Then the limit of “f” as x approaches c is L, written as:
lim f (x )=L
x →c
If the value of f gets closer and closer to one and only
one number (L) as x takes values that are closer and
closer to c.
In illustrating limits of function, we can use a table of
values as well as the graph.
To illustrate, let us consider
lim (1+3 x)
x →2
Here, f ( x )=1+3 x and the constant c, which x will
approach, is 2. To evaluate the given limit, we will
make use of a table to help us keep track of the effect
that the approach of x toward to will have on f ( x ) . Of
course, on the number line, x may approach 2 in two
ways: through values on its left and through values on
its right.

2
 2
We first consider approaching 2 from its left or through
values less than 2. Remember that the values to be
chosen should be close to 2.
x f (x)
1 4
1.4 5.2
1.7 6.1
1.9 6.7
1.95 6.85
1.997 6.991
1.9999 6.9997
1.9999999 6.9999997
You can use any decimals as long as it approaches the
desired value of x left and right-hand limit.
Now, we consider approaching 2 from its right through
values greater than but close to 2.
x f (x)
3 10
2.5 8.5
2.2 7.6
2.1 7.3
2.03 2.09
2.009 7.027
2.0005 7.0015
2.0000001 7.0000003
Observe that in the two tables, as the values of x get
closer and closer to 2, the values of f (x) get closer and
closer to 7. It means no matter what set of values, or
what direction, is taken in approaching 2. In symbols,
lim (1+3 x)=7
x →2
To investigate this limit of function using graph, you
can easily see the points in the table of values
approaching the level where y=7 which is the same
from the right.

y
8 y = 1 + 3x
7
(2,
6
7)
5
4
3
2
1

— 0 1 2 3 4
This graph clearly
1
confirms that
lim (1+3 x)=7.
x →2
A. Activity

3
 SHOW YOUR UNDERSTANDING
1. Complete the following tables of values to
investigate the
lim ( x ¿¿ 2−2 x +4)¿.
x →1

x f (x)
0.5
0.7
0.95
0.995
0.9995
0.99995

x f (x)
1.6
1.35
1.05
1.005
1.0005
1.00005

2. Complete the following tables of values to

x−1
investigate lim .
x →0 x +1

x f (x)
-1
-0.8
-0.35
-0.1
-0.09
-0.0003
-0.000001

x f (x)
1
0.75
0.45
0.2
0.09
0.0003
0.000001

B. Analysis

To further understand the lesson, we have here some

examples.

For example, illustrate the limit of function:

lim ( x 2+1 )
x→−1
Again, we first consider approaching -1 from the left.
x f (x)

4
 -2 5
-1.5 3.25
-1.1 2.21
-1.01 2.0201
-1.0001 2.002001
Now, approach -1 from the right.

x f (x)
0 1
-0.5 1.25
-0.9 1.81
-0.99 1.9801
-0.999 1.998001

What have you noticed?

The table show that as x approaches -1, f (x)
approaches 2. In symbols,

lim ( x 2+ 1 )=2
x→−1
In graphing,

y 8

5
(—1, 2
4
2) 1
3
—3 — 2 01 23
—1
It can be seen from the graph that as values as
x approach -1, the values of f (x) approach 2.
Another example.
2
x −5 x +4
Investigate lim using table of values.
x →1 x−1

We now approach 1 form the left.

x f (x)
0.5 -3.5
0.88 -3.12
0.996 -3.004
0.9999 -3.0001

Approach 1 from the right.

x f (x)
1.5 -2.5
1.17 -2.83
1.003 -2.997
1.0001 -2.9999
As you can see in the table, as

5
x approaches 1, f (x) approaches -3. In symbols,
2
x −5 x +4
lim =−3
x →1 x−1

To investigate using the graph,

y
x2 — 5x +4
y= x—1
0
1 2 34

—
1

—
2 (1, —3)
—
As you can see
—
4
in the graph,
3
take note that
x −5 x+ 4 ( x−4 )( x−1 )
2
f ( x )= = =x−4 , provided
x−1 x−1
that x ≠ 1.Hence, the graph of f ( x ) is also the graph of
y=x −1, excluding the point where x=1.
Another example:
Investigate lim f (x ),if
x→ 4

f ( x )=
{ x +1 if x <3
2
(x−4 ) +3 if x ≥ 4
In this case, when x approaches 4 from the left or
through values less than 4, the values taken should be
substituted in f ( x )=x +1.

x f (x)
3.7 4.7
3.85 4.85
3.995 4.995
3.99999 4.99999
On the other hand, when x approaches 4 from the right,
the values taken should be substituted in
2
f ( x )= ( x −4 ) + 3.
x f (x)
4.3 3.09
4.1 3.01
4.001 3.000001
4.00001 3.0000000001

What did you observe from the two table. The values of
f ( x ) does not equal, right?
So, in this case the limit of the given function does not
exist (DNE). In symbols,

6
 lim f (x )DNE
x→ 4
To illustrate the limit of the function using graph,

In
identifying whether the limit exists or not using the
graph, here are the examples.

The graph of f ( x )=x 3−1 is as follows:

Based from the graph, the limit exists where

lim ( x 3−1 )=0. We can determine the limit of a
x →1
function through graph.

To visually determine if a limit exists as x approaches c,

we observe the graph of the function when x is very
near to x=c .

Another example,

f ( x )=
{ 2 x−3 , x ≤ 3
( x−4 )2 +3 , x> 4

and whose graph is as follows:

7
 From
the graph above, lim ¿ and lim ¿.
−¿ +¿
x→ 4 f (x)=5 ¿ x→ 4 f (x)=13¿

Hence, lim f (x )DNE .

x→ 4

Now, consider the following graph of function:

Based from the graph,

a. lim f (x)=3
x→−2

b. lim f (x )=5
x →0

c. lim f (x )DNE
x →3

Have you noticed a pattern in the way we have been

investigating a limit? We have been specifying whether
x will approach a value c from the left, through values
less than c, or from the right, through values greater than
c. This direction may be specified in the limit notation,
lim f (x ) by adding certain symbols.
x →c
 If x approaches c from the left or through values

8
 less than c, then we write lim ¿
−¿
x→ c f (x).¿
 If x approaches c from the right or through
values greater than c, then we write lim ¿
+¿
x→ c f (x).¿

Note: For a limit L to exist, the limits from the left and
from the right must both exist and be equal to L.

C. Abstraction
Excellent!
You all did a great job. Now, let us sum up what we
have learned in the lesson.

What can you say about limits?

How can you investigate the limit of the functions?

When the limits from the left and the right are not equal,
what can you say about the limit of the function?
D. Application

SHOW ME: ON THE BOARD!

Group the class into 3 groups. Each group should

construct a table of values to investigate the following
limits. They put it in the manila paper to present it.
Each group should have (1) representative to explain
their work in the class.

10
1. lim
x →3 x−2
2 x+ 1
2. lim
x →2 x−3

{
1
lim f ( x ) if f ( x )= if x ≤−1
3. x→−1
x
2
x −2 if x >−1

V. Evaluation

DOES IT EXIST OR NOT?

Answer the following graph below. What can be

said about lim f ( x ) ? Does it exist or not? Why?
x →0

1
1. Consider the function f ( x )= whose graph is
x
y 5

—4 —3 — 01
3— 234
2 —1
1
2
—
12 9
—
3

—
 shown below.

2. Consider the function f ( x ) whose graph is

shown below.

VI. Assignment
In your yellow paper, do the following items. Use
graphing paper in making a graph.

1. Using the table of values, determine the limits of the

following.

a. lim ( x )
x →0

b. lim (−x +1)

x →2

c. lim ( 1−x −x )
2 3

x →0

d. lim
x →2
√ x 3−1
x
e. lim
x →0 1− x

2. The graph of f ( x ) is given by

Determine the following limits.

a. lim f (x )
x→−4

b. lim f (x)
x→−1

c. lim f (x)
x →1

10
d. lim f (x )
x →3

e. lim f (x )
x →5

Prepared by:

JOY MICHELLE F. AMPARO

Student Teacher

Checked by:

MS. MERLIBETH S. ARCEGA

Cooperating Teacher

Noted by:

REBECCA R. PAGCALIWAGAN, EdD

Principal IVs

11