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◎ Chapter 9
F Amines
¥ 6 Marks
PUBLISHED BY ¢
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Syllabus
Amines : Nomenclature, classification,
structure, methods of preparation,
physical and chemical properties, uses,
identification of primary, secondary and
tertiary amines.
Diazonium salts : Preparation, chemical
reactions and importance in synthetic
organic chemistry.
§ 2024 SQP
Question 1
In which of the following solvents, the
+ –
C4H8NH3 X is soluble
(a) ether (b) acetone
(c) water (d) bromine water
A Answer ¥ 1 Marks
(c) water
Question 2
An organic compound with molecular formula
C7H7NO2 exists in three isomeric forms, the
isomer ‘A’ has the highest melting point of the
three. ‘A’ on reduction gives compound ‘B’ with
molecular formula C7H9N. ‘B’ on treatment with
NaNO2/HCl at 0-5°C to form compound ‘C’. On
treating C with H3PO2 ,it gets converted to D with
formula C7H8 , which on further reaction with
CrO2Cl2 followed by hydrolysis forms ‘E’ C7H6O.
Write the structure of compounds A to E. Write
the chemical equations involved.
A Answer ¥ 5 Marks
Compound A is p-methylnitrobenzene
Compound B is p-methylbenzenamine
Compound C is p-methylbenzenediazoiumchloride
Compound D - Toluene
Compound E - Benzaldehyde
The chemical reactions involved are

O
CH3 CH3 CH3 CH3 C H
Sn / HCl NaNO2/HCl H3PO2 CrO2Cl2

−−−−→ −−−−−−
◦ ◦
→ −−−→ −−−−→
+
0 C–5 C H3O
NO2 NH2 N2Cl

OR
(a) Account for the following:
(i) N-ethylbenzenesulphonyl amide is soluble in
alkali .
(ii) Reduction of nitrobenzene using Fe and HCl is
preferred over Sn and HCl.
(b) Arrange the following in:
(i) decreasing order of pKb values
C6H5NH2, C6H5NHCH3, C6H5CH2NH2,
CH3NH2, NH3
(ii) increasing order of solubility in water
C2H5Cl, C2H5NH2, C2H5OH
(iii) decreasing boiling point
CH3COOH, C2H5OH, CH3NH2, CH3OCH3
A Answer ¥ 5 Marks
Section (a)
(i) The hydrogen attached to N-Ethylbenzene
sulphonamide is acidic in nature. This is due
to the presence of strong electron withdrawing
sulphonyl group. Hence, it is soluble in alkali.
(ii) Reduction with iron scrap and hydrochloric
acid is preferred because FeCl2 formed gets
hydrolysed to release hydrochloric acid during
the reaction. Thus, only a small amount of
hydrochloric acid is required to initiate the
reaction.
Section (b)
(i) C6H5NH2 > C6H5NHCH3 > NH3 >
C6H5CH2NH2 > CH3NH2
(ii) C2H5Cl < C2H5NH2 < C2H5OH
(iii) CH3COOH > C2H5OH > CH3NH2 > CH3OCH3
§ 2023 56/C Compart
Question 3
Three compounds are given below :
NH2 NH2 NH2
NO2 CH3
I II III
The correct decreasing order of their basic
strength is :
(a) II > III > I (b) III > II > I
(c) III > I > II (d) I > III > II
A Answer ¥ Set 1, 1 Marks
(a) II > III > I
Theory Recap
If you write different resonating structures of

aniline, you will find that aniline is a resonance
hybrid of the following five structures. On the
other hand, anilinium ion obtained by accepting a
proton can have only two resonating structures
(kekule).
Thus, greater the number of resonating
structures, greater is the stability. Aniline (five
resonating structures) is more stable than
anilinium ion. Hence, the proton acceptability or
the basic nature of aniline or other aromatic
amines would be less than that of ammonia.
In case of substituted aniline, it is observed that
electron releasing groups like – OCH3, – CH3
increase basic strength whereas electron
withdrawing groups like – NO2, – SO3H, – COOH,
-X decrease it.
Question 4
C2H5NH2 (I), (C2H5)2NH (II), (C2H5)3N (III)
The correct decreasing order of their basic
strength in an aqueous solution is :
(a) II > III > I (b) III > II > I
(c) I > II > III (d) I > III > II
(a) II > III > I
Theory Recap
Due to the electron releasing nature of alkyl

group, it (R) pushes electrons towards nitrogen
and thus makes the unshared electron pair more
available for sharing with the proton of the acid.
Moreover, the substituted ammonium ion formed
from the amine gets stabilised due to dispersal of
the positive charge by the +I effect of the alkyl
group. Hence, alkylamines are stronger bases
than ammonia.
Thus, the basic nature of aliphatic amines should
increase with increase in the number of alkyl
groups. This trend is followed in the gaseous
phase.
The order of basicity of amines in the gaseous
phase follows the expected order: tertiary amine
> secondary amine > primary amine > NH3. The
trend is not regular in the aqueous state as
evident by their pKb values
Question 5
(C2H5)3N (I), C2H5NH2 (II), (C2H5)2NH (III)
Identify the correct decreasing order of their basic
strength in gas phase :
(a) II > III > I (b) III > I > II
(c) III > II > I (d) I > III > II
(c) III > II > I
Theory Recap
In the aqueous phase, the substituted ammonium

cations get stabilised not only by electron
releasing effect of the alkyl group (+I) but also by
solvation with water molecules. The greater the
size of the ion, lesser will be the solvation and the
less stabilised is the ion.
Greater is the stability of the substituted
ammonium cation, stronger should be the
corresponding amine as a base. Thus, the order of
basicity of aliphatic amines should be: primary >
secondary > tertiary, which is opposite to the
inductive effect based order.
Secondly, when the alkyl group is small, like
– CH3 group, there is no steric hindrance to
H-bonding. In case the alkyl group is bigger than
CH3 group, there will be steric hinderance to
H-bonding. Therefore, the change of nature of
the alkyl group, e.g., from – CH3 to – C2H5 results
in change of the order of basic strength.
Thus, there is a subtle interplay of the inductive
effect, solvation effect and steric hinderance of
the alkyl group which decides the basic strength
of alkyl amines in the aqueous state.
Question 6
Hoffmann Bromamide Degradation reaction is
given by
NO2
(a) (b)
O
(c) CH3 – C –
–N (d) CH3 CH2 C NH2
O
(d) CH3 CH2 C NH2
Theory Recap
Hoffmann developed a method for preparation of

primary amines by treating an amide ( – CONH2)
with bromine in an aqueous or ethanolic solution
of sodium hydroxide. In this degradation
reaction, migration of an alkyl or aryl group takes
place from carbonyl carbon of the amide to the
nitrogen atom. The amine so formed contains one
carbon less than that present in the amide.
Question 7
Assertion (A) : Benzene diazonium salt is stable
and can be easily stored.
Reason (R) : Benzene diazonium chloride
decomposes easily.
(a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true
and Reason (R) is the correct explanation of
the Assertion (A).
(b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true,
but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
of the Assertion (A).
(c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
(d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
Theory Recap
Benzenediazonium chloride is prepared by the

reaction of aniline with nitrous acid at 273-278K.
Nitrous acid is produced in the reaction mixture
by the reaction of sodium nitrite with
hydrochloric acid. The conversion of primary
aromatic amines into diazonium salts is known as
diazotisation. Due to its instability, the
diazonium salt is not generally stored and is
used immediately after its preparation.
Primary aliphatic amines form highly unstable
alkyldiazonium salts. Primary aromatic amines
form arenediazonium salts which are stable for a
short time in solution at low temperatures
Question 8
Answer any three of the following questions :
Give reasons for the following :
(a) Reduction with iron scrap and HCl is preferred
for the preparation of amines from nitro
compounds.
(b) Lower aliphatic amines are soluble in water.
(c) Pyridine is used in the acylation reaction of
amines.
(d) Although amino group is o- and p-directing in
aromatic electrophilic substitution reactions,
aniline on nitration gives a substantial amount
of m-nitroaniline.
(a) FeCl2 formed gets hydrolysed to release HCl
during the reaction. Thus, a small amount of
HCl is needed to initiate the reaction.
(b) Lower aliphatic amines can form hydrogen
bonding with water.
(c) Pyridine removes HCl and shifts the
equilibrium in the forward direction.
(d) Due to the formation of anilinium ion which is
m-directing.
Question 9
(a) Acylation of -NH2 group is done in aniline
before preparing its ortho and para
compounds.
(b) Solubility of amines decreases with increase in
molar mass of amines.
(c) Aniline does not undergo Friedel-Crafts
reaction.
(d) Primary amines have higher boiling points
than tertiary amines.
(a) Due to resonance electron density on nitrogen
gets reduce and is less available for donation.
(b) The extent of hydrogen bonding with water is
reduced due to an increase in the size of the
alkyl group.
(c) Due to the salt formation with Lewis acid
anhydrous AlCl3.
(d) Due to the presence of intermolecular
hydrogen bonding in primary amines which is
absent in tertiary amines.
Question 10
(a) Diazonium salts of aromatic amines are more
stable than aliphatic amines.
(b) Amines are less soluble in water as compared
to alcohols.
(c) How is the basic strength of aromatic amines
affected by the presence of an electron
releasing group ?
(d) Why does amino group in aniline act as a
powerful activator and ortho and para
directing towards electrophilic substitution ?
(a) Due to resonance in aromatic diazonium salt.
(b) Because N – H bond is less polar than O – H
bond which results in weak hydrogen bonding
with water in amines.
(c) Basic strength increases due to increase in
electron density on nitrogen ,which makes
easy availability of lone pair of electrons.
(d) Due to resonance electron density increases at
ortho and para positions.
§ 2023 56(B) Compart
Question 11
Assertion (A) : Ammonolysis of alkyl halides is
not a suitable method for the preparation of pure
primary amines.
Reason (R) : Ammonolysis of alkyl halides
yields mainly tertiary amines.
the Assertion (A).
(d) Assertion (A) is false and Reason (R) is also
false.
Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is false.
Theory Recap
When the ammonolysis reaction is carried out (in
a sealed tube at 373 K), the primary amine thus
obtained behaves as a nucleophile and further
react with alkyl halide to form secondary and
tertiary amines, and finally quaternary
ammonium salt. Thus, ammonolysis has the
disadvantage of yielding a mixture of primary,
secondary and tertiary amines and also a
quaternary ammonium salt.
However, primary amine is obtained as a major
product by taking large excess of ammonia. The
order of reactivity of halides with amines is
RI > RBr > RCl.
Ammonolysis
The carbon-halogen bond in alkyl or benzyl

halides can be easily cleaved by a nucleophile.
Hence, an alkyl or benzyl halide on reaction with
an ethanolic solution of ammonia undergoes
nucleophilic substitution reaction in which the
halogen atom is replaced by an amino ( – NH2)
group. This process of cleavage of the C–X bond
by ammonia molecule is known as ammonolysis.
Question 12
Write the reaction involved in :
(a) Hoffmann-bromamide reaction, and
(b) Carbylamine reaction
O
(a) R C NH2 + Br2 + 4 NaOH −−→ R – NH2 + NA2CO3 + 2 NABr + 2 H2O
Heat
(b) R – NH2 + CHCl3 + 3KOH −−−−→ R – NC + 3KCl + 3H2O
Question 13
What happens when aniline is treated with
(a) Br2 water?
(b) Conc. HNO3 ?
(c) CH3COCl/ Pyridine ?
NH2 NH2
Br Br
Br2/H2O
(a) + 3Br2 −−−−→
Br
2,4,6-Tribromoaniline is formed.
(b) p-Benzoquinone
NH2 NHCOCH3
(CH3CH)2O
(c) −−−−−−→
Pyridine
Acetanilide is formed
§ 2023 56(B) March
Question 14
The Gabriel phthalimide synthesis is used for the
preparation of :
(a) primary aromatic amines
(b) primary aliphatic amines
(c) secondary amines
(d) tertiary amines
(b) primary aliphatic amines
Question 15
The action of nitrous acid on ethylamine gives
mainly :
(a) ethyl nitrite
(b) ethane
(c) nitroethane
(d) ethyl alcohol
(d) ethyl alcohol
Question 16
Amines can be considered as derivatives of
ammonia obtained by replacement of hydrogen
atoms with alkyl or aryl groups. Like ammonia,
all the three types of amines have one unshared
electron pair on nitrogen atom due to which they
behave as Lewis bases. Amines are usually
formed from nitro compounds, halides, amides,
etc. They exhibit hydrogen bonding which
influences their physical properties. Alkyl amines
are found to be stronger bases than ammonia. In
aromatic amines, electron releasing and
withdrawing groups, respectively increase and
decrease their basic character.
Answer the following :
(i) Out of aniline and methylamine, which is a
stronger base and why ?
(ii) Why does tertiary amine have lower boiling
point than primary amine of comparable
molecular masses ?
(iii) What happens when :
(1) Ethanamide is heated with Br2 and aqueous
KOH ?
(2) Benzene diazonium chloride is treated with
Ethanol ?
OR
(iii) Write short notes on the following :
(1) Carbylamine reaction
(2) Acetylation of aniline
(i) Methylamine, due to +I effect of methyl group.
(ii) Because of the absence of H-bonding in tertiary
amines.
(iii)(1) Methanamine or methylamine is formed.
(2) Benzene is formed.
OR
(iii)(1) On adding CHCl3 and alc. KOH in primary
amine, foul smelling isocyanide is formed.
(2) On adding CH3COCl-pyridine or
(CH3CO)2O, aniline gets acetylated to
acetanilide.
§ 2023 56/1/1 All Sets
Question 17
CH3CONH2 on reaction with NaOH and Br2 in
alcoholic medium gives :
(a) CH3COONa (b) CH3NH2
(c) CH3CH2Br (d) CH3CH2NH2
(b) CH3NH2
Question 18
Which of the following is least basic ?
(a) (CH3)2NH (b) NH3
NH2
(c) (d) (CH3)3N
NH2
(c)
Question 19
Assertion (A) : –NH2 group is o- and p-directing
in electrophilic substitution reactions.
Reason (R) : Aniline cannot undergo
Friedel-Crafts reaction.
the Assertion (A).
false.
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true, but
Reason (R) is not the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
Question 20
Assertion (A) : Acetylation of aniline gives a
monosubstituted product.
Reason (R) : Activating effect of –NHCOCH3
group is more than that of amino group.
the Assertion (A).
false.
Question 21
Explain briefly :
(a) Carbylamine reaction (b) Gabriel phthalimide synthesis
A Answer (Either give explanation or reaction) ¥ Set 1, 2 Marks
(a) Aliphatic and aromatic primary amines on heating with chloroform
and ethanolic potassium hydroxide form isocyanides or carbylamines
which are foul-smelling substances. /
Heat
R–NH2 + CHCl3 + 3KOH −−→ R–NC+3KCl + 3H2O
Isocyanide with an offensive smell is formed.
(b) Phthalimide on treatment with ethanolic potassium hydroxide forms
potassium salt of phthalimide which further on heating with alkyl
halide followed by alkaline hydrolysis produces the corresponding
primary amine / (or it’s full reaction can also be written and can
skip it’s theory part.)
Question 22
Assertion (A) : (C2H5)2NH is more basic than
(C2H5)3N in aqueous solution.
Reason (R) : In (C2H5)2NH, there is more steric
hindrance and +I effect than (C2H5)3N.
the Assertion (A).
Question 23
Assertion (A) : Ammonolysis of alkyl halides is
not a suitable method for the preparation of pure
primary amines.
Reason (R) : Ammonolysis of alkyl halides yields
mainly secondary amines.
the Assertion (A).
Question 24
(a) Write the IUPAC name for the following
organic compounds:
CH3 N CH2CH3
(b) Complete the following :

Sn Br2
C6H5NO2 −−−−−→ A −−−−−→ B
HCl H2O

(a) N-Ethyl-N-methylaniline or
N-Ethyl-N-Methylbenzenamine
NH2 NH2
Br2 Br2
(b) A = B=
Br2
§ 2023 56/2 All Sets
Question 25
Among the following, which is the strongest base?
NH2
(a)
H3C NH2
(b)
CH2 NH2
(c)
O2 N NH2
(d)
CH2 NH2
Question 26
Give reasons :
(i) Aniline on nitration gives good amount of
m-nitroaniline, though – NH2 group is o/p
directing in electrophilic substitution reactions.
(ii) (CH3)2 NH is more basic than (CH3)3N in an
aqueous solution.
(iii) Ammonolysis of alkyl halides is not a good
method to prepare pure primary amines.
***
Write the reaction involved in the following :
(i) Carbylamine test
(ii) Gabriel phthalimide synthesis
(i) Aniline gets protonated and is deactivated /
Aniline on protonation forms anilinium ion
which is meta-directing.
(ii) Combination of inductive effect and solvation
effect.
(iii) Because it forms a mixture of amines that is
difficult to separate.
***
(i) R–NH2 +CHCl3 +NaOH −→ RNC+3NaCl+H2O
(ii) This question was repeated in 2023-1
Question 27
When Benzene diazonium chloride reacts with
phenol, it forms a dye. This reaction is called
(a) Diazotisation reaction
(b) Condensation reaction
(c) Coupling reaction
(d) Acetylation reaction
(c) Coupling reaction
Question 28
Among the following, which has the highest value
of pKb ?
NH2
(a)
CH2 NH2
(b)
H3C NH2
(c)
O2 N NH2
(d)
O2 N NH2
§ 2023 56/3 All Sets
Question 29
Among the following, which is the strongest base?
H3C NH2
(a)
O2 N NH2
(b)
NH2
(c)
CH2 NH2
(d)
CH2 NH2
Question 30
Write the chemical equation involved in the following reactions :
(a) Carbylamine reaction
(b) Gabriel phthalimide synthesis
(a) R – NH2 + CHCl3 + 3KOH (alc.) −→ R – NC + 3KCl + 3H2O
(b)
Question 31
Write the structures of A, B and C in the following reactions :
COOH NH3 Br2 + NaOH NaNO2 + HCl

(i) −−→ A −−−−−−→ B −−−−−−−
◦
→
∆ 0C
KCN LiAlH4 HNO2
(ii) CH3CH2Br −−→ A −−−→ B −−−
◦
→ C
0C

+ –
CONH2 NH2 N2 Cl
(i) A = B= C=
(ii) A = CH3CH2CN B = CH3CH2CH2NH2 C = CH3CH2CH2OH

Question 32
Benzene diazonium chloride on hydrolysis gives :
(a) Phenol
(b) Chlorobenzene
(c) Benzene
(d) Aniline
(a) Phenol
Question 33
The reaction of ammonia with a large excess of
methyl chloride will yield mainly :
(a) methylamine
(b) dimethylamine
(c) tetramethylammonium chloride
(d) trimethylamine
(c) tetramethylammonium chloride
§ 2023 56/4 All Sets
Question 34
The reduction of ethanenitrile with sodium and
alcohol gives
(a) 1-aminopropane (c) Ethanoic acid

(b) 1-aminoethane (d) Ethanamide

(b) 1-aminoethane
Question 35
The action of nitrous acid on ethylamine gives
mainly
(a) ethyl nitrite (c) nitroethane

(b) ethyl alcohol (d) ethane

(b) ethyl alcohol
Question 36
When nitrobenzene is heated with tin and
concentrated HCl, the product formed is :
NH2
(a)
+ –
NH3 Cl
(b)
N N
(c)
Cl
(d)
NH2
(a)
Question 37
Assertion (A) : Monobromination of aniline can
be conveniently done by protecting the amino
group by acetylation.
Reason (R) : Acetylation decreases the
activating effect of the amino group.
the Assertion (A).
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and
Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
Question 38
Case Based Question
Amines are usually formed from nitro
compounds, halides, amides, imides, etc. They
exhibit hydrogen bonding which influences their
physical properties. In alkyl amines, a
combination of electron releasing, steric and
hydrogen bonding factors influence the stability
of the substituted ammonium cations in protic
polar solvents and thus affect the basic nature of
amines. In aromatic amines, electron releasing
and withdrawing groups, respectively increase
and decrease their basic character. Influence of
the number of hydrogen atoms at nitrogen atom
on the type of reactions and nature of products is
responsible for identification and distinction
between primary, secondary and tertiary amines.
Presence of amino group in aromatic ring
enhances reactivity of the aromatic amines. Aryl
diazonium salts provide advantageous methods
for producing aryl halides, cyanides, phenols and
arenes by reductive removal of the diazo group.
Answer the following questions :
(i) Arrange the following in the increasing order
of their pKb values in aqueous solution :

C2H5NH2, C2H5 2 NH, C2H5 3 N
(ii) Aniline on nitration gives a substantial amount
of m-nitroaniline, though amino group is o/p
directing. Why?
(iii) An aromatic compound A of molecular
formula C7H6O2 on treatment with aqueous
ammonia and heating forms compound B.
Compound B on heating with Br2 and aqueous
KOH gives a compound C of molecular formula
C6H7N. Write the structures of A, B and C.
OR
Complete the following reactions giving main
products :
NH2
(1) + Br2 (aq) −→

+ –
N2 Cl
HBF4
(2) −−−−−−−−→
NaNO2 / Cu, ∆

(i) (C2H5)2NH < (C2H5)3N < C2H5NH2
(ii) Due to the protonation of aniline to form
anilinium ion which makes it deactivating and
meta-directing.
COOH
(iii) A =
CONH2
B=
NH2
C=
OR
NH2
Br Br
(1)
Br
NO2
(2)
§ 2023 56/5 All Sets
Question 39
Amides can be converted into amines by the
reaction named
(a) Hoffmann degradation
(b) Ammonolysis
(c) Carbylamine
(d) Diazotisation
(a) Hoffmann degradation
Question 40
In the reaction
C6H5NH2 + CHCl3 + 3KOH → A + 3B + 3C
the product A is
(a) C6H5NC
(b) C6H5CN
(c) C6H5Cl
(d) C6H5NHCH3
(a) C6H5NC
Question 41
Which of the following would not be a good
choice for reducing nitrobenzene to aniline ?
(a) LiAlH4 (c) Fe and HCl

(b) H2/Ni (d) Sn and HCl
(a) LiAlH4
Question 42
(i) Draw the zwitter ion structure for sulphanilic
acid.
(ii) How can the activating effect of – NH2 group
in aniline be controlled ?
OR
(i) Complete the reaction with the main product
formed
+ –
N2 Cl
CH3CH2OH
−−−−−−→
(ii) Convert Bromoethane to Propanamine.
+
NH3
(i)
–
SO3
(ii) Protecting /deactivating – NH2 group by acetylation or acylation.
OR
(i)
KCN H2
(ii) CH3CH2Br −−→ CH3CH2CN −→ CH3CH2CH2NH2
Ni
In Place of H2/Ni, LiAlH4 or Na(Hg) with C2H5OH can also be used.

Theory Recap
Nitriles on reduction with lithium aluminium

hydride (LiAlH4) or catalytic hydrogenation
(H2 / Ni) or Na(Hg) with C2H5OH produce
primary amines. This reaction is used for ascent
of amine series, i.e., for preparation of amines
containing one carbon atom more than the
starting amine.
Question 43
(a) Illustrate Sandmeyer’s reaction with an
equation.
(b) Explain, why (CH3)2NH is more basic than
(CH3)3N in aqueous solution.
+ –
N2 Cl X
Cu2X2
(a) −−−→ + N2
HX
where X = Cl , Br , CN
(b) Combination of inductive effect and solvation
effect.
OR
Due to greater H–bonding with water
molecules, (CH3)2NH shows more hydration or
solvation effect.
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◎ Chapter 5
F Coordination
Compounds
¥ 7 Marks
PUBLISHED BY ¢
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LIBGEN BOOKS
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For CUET UG PYQs
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Syllabus
Coordination compounds - Introduction,
ligands, coordination number, colour,
magnetic properties and shapes, IUPAC
nomenclature of mononuclear
coordination compounds.
Bonding, Werner’s theory, VBT, and CFT;
structure and stereoisomerism,
importance of coordination compounds
(in qualitative analysis, extraction of
metals and biological system).
§ 2024 SQP
Question 1
(a) Write the formula for the following
coordination compound
Bis(ethane-1,2-diamine)
dihydroxidochromium(III) chloride
(b) Does ionization isomer for the following
compound exist? Justify your answer.
Hg[Co(SCN)4]
(c) Is the central metal atom in coordination
complexes a Lewis acid or a Lewis base?
Explain.
(a) [Cr(en)2(OH)2]Cl or
[Cr(H2NCH2CH2NH2)2(OH)2]Cl
(b) No, ionization isomers are possible by
exchange of ligand with counter ion only and
not by exchange of central metal ion.
(c) The central atom is electron pair acceptor so it
is a Lewis acid.
Question 2
Crystal field splitting by various ligands
Metal complexes show different colours due to
d-d transitions. The complex absorbs light of
specific wavelength to promote the electron from
2
t g to e g level. The colour of the complex is due to
the transmitted light, which is complementary of
the colour absorbed.
The wave number of light absorbed by different
complexes of Cr ion are given below:
Wavenumber of Energy of light
Complex light absorbed
absorbed (cm )
−1
(kJ/mol)
3−
[CrA6] 13640 163
3+
[CrB6] 17830 213
3+
[CrC6] 21680 259
3−
[CrD6] 26280 314
Answer the following questions:

(a) Out of the ligands “A”, “B”, “C” and “D”, which
ligand causes maximum crystal field splitting?
Why?
OR
(a) Which of the two, “A” or “D” will be a weak
field ligand? Why?
(b) Which of the complexes will be violet in
3− 3+
colour? [CrA6] or [CrB6] and why?
(Given: If 560 - 570 nm of light is absorbed,
the colour of the complex observed is violet.)
(c) If the ligands attached to Cr3+ ion in the
complexes given in the table above are water,
cyanide ion, chloride ion, and ammonia (not
in this order)
Identify the ligand, write the formula and
IUPAC name of the following:
3−
(i) [CrA6]
3+
(ii) [CrC6]
(a) D. Energy is directly proportional to the wave
number. Maximum energy of light is required
2 g
for an electron to jump from t g to e in case of
3−
[CrD6]
OR
(a) A, The splitting caused in least in this case as
the energy required for electron to jump from
2
t g to eg., is minimum.
3+
(b) [CrB6] , wavelength of light absorbed is
1/17830 = 560 nm for the complex while
3−
1/13640 = 733 nm for [CrA6] complex.
3−
(c.i) [CrCl6] , Hexachloridochromate(III) ion
3+
(c.ii) [Cr(NH3)6] , Hexaamminechromium(III) ion
A = Cl , B = H2O, C = NH3, D = CN
– –
§ 2023 56/C/1 Compart
Question 3
Which typeof isomerismis shown by the
complexes
Co (NH
3 )5 Br SO 4 and
Co (NH3)5 SO4 Br ?
(a) Linkage
(b) Ionisation
(c) Optical
(d) Solvate
(b) Ionisation
Question 4
3+
(a) Why is Ti (H2O)6 coloured?
(b) Write IUPAC name of the given complex :

K3 Cr C2O4 3
[ Question (a) is of Chapter 4. Due to change in question
pattern and chapter-wise marks weightage, CBSE often
merges questions from different chapters in one question.
Beware of such patterns. ]

(a) Due to the presence of an unpaired electron in
d-orbital/ it shows a d-d transition.
(b) Potassium trioxalatochromate(III)
Question 5
Using valence bond theory, predict :
(a) Hybridisation
of central
3+ metal atom of the
complex Co (NH3)6 .
(b) Its shape and magnetic behaviour.
(c) Whether it is a high spin or a low spin
complex. [Atomic number : Co = 27 ]
2 3
(a) d sp
(b) Octahedral, diamagnetic
(c) Low spin complex
Question 6
Which type of isomerism is exhibited by the given
complex?
Pt (NH3)2 Cl2
(a) Optical isomerism
(b) Geometrical isomerism
(c) Ionisation isomerism
(d) Coordination isomerism
Question 7
Write IUPAC name of the given complex :

Co (NH3)5 Cl Cl2
What is the secondary valency of Co in this
complex?
Pentaamminechloridocobalt(III)chloride
Six /6
Question 8
Which type of isomerism is shown by the given
complex?
3+
[Co(en)3]
(a) Coordination isomerism
(b) Optical isomerism
(c) Linkage isomerism
(d) Ionisation isomerism
(b) Optical isomerism
Question 9
Oxidation state of central metal atom in the given
complex is :

Co (NH3)4 (H2O)2 Cl3
(a) +2 (b) +3 (c) +1 (d) +4
(b) +3
Question 10
(a) Why is ZnSO4 salt white in colour?
(b) Write IUPAC name of the given complex :

K2 Ni(CN)4
[ Question (a) is of Chapter 4. Due to change in question
pattern and chapter-wise marks weightage, CBSE often
merges questions from different chapters in a question.
Beware of such patterns. ]

(a) Due to the absence of unpaired electron in
d-orbital.
(b) Potassium tetracyanidonickelate(II) /
Potassium tetracyanonickelate(II)
§ 2023 56(B) Compart
Question 11
Which of the following ligands is an ambidentate
ligand ?
−
(a) OH
(b) NH3
(c) CO
−
(d) NO2
−
(d) NO2
Question 12
How many hydrate isomers are possible of the
complex with the formula CrCl3 · 6H2O ?
(a) Six
(b) Four
(c) Three
(d) Two
(c) Three
Question 13
Write the IUPAC names of the following
coordination compounds :
+
(i) [CoBr
2 (en)2 ]
(ii) K3 Co C2O4 3
(i) Dibromidobis-(ethane-1,2-diamine)cobalt (III)
(ii) Potassium trioxalatocobaltate(III)
OR
What is spectrochemical series ? What is the
difference between a strong field ligand and a
weak field ligand?
Ligands can be arranged in a series in the order of
increasing field strength / Series based on the
absorption of light by complexes with different
ligands.
Weak field ligand
∆o < P
Does not favour the pairing of electrons in d
orbitals
Strong field ligand
∆o > P
Does favour the pairing of electrons in d orbitals
Question 14
(a) Write the hybridisation and magnetic
character of the following complexes :
4−
(i) [Fe(CN)6]
3−
(ii) [CoF
6 ]
(iii) Ni(CO)4
[Atomic number : Fe = 26, Co = 27, Ni = 28 ]
2 3
(i) d sp , diamagnetic
3 2
(ii) sp d , paramagnetic
3
(iii) sp , diamagnetic
OR
3+
(1) Write the electronic configuration of Fe on
the basis of crystal field theory when it forms
an octahedral complex in the presence of (i)
strong field ligand, and (ii) weak field ligand.
[Atomic number : Fe = 26 ]
2−
(2) NiCl4 is paramagnetic while Ni(CO)4 is
diamagnetic. Why?
5 0
(1) (i) Strong field ligand : t2geg
3 2
(ii) Weak field ligand : t2geg
−
(2) Cl is a weak field ligand and does not pair the
2+
electrons in Ni ions while CO is strong field
ligand and pair up the electrons of Ni.
§ 2023 56(B) March
Question 15
The coordination number of Ag in [Ag(NH3)2]Cl
(a) 3 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) 4
(c) 2
Question 16
Amongst the following, the most stable complex
is :
(a) Fe(C2O4)3]3 (b) FeCl6]3
(c) Fe(H2O)6] 3+
(d) Fe(NH3)6] 3+

(a) Fe(C2O4)3]3
Question 17
Using IUPAC norms, write the systematic names
of the following complexes :
+
(i) K3[Fe(CN)6] (ii) [Co(en)2Cl2]
OR
Write the role of coordination compounds with an
example in each of the following :
(i) Biological system (ii) Extraction of metals
(i) Potassium hexacyanidoferrate(III)
(ii) Dichloridobis(ethane-1,2-diamine) cobalt(III)
ion
OR
(i) Biological system : Chlorophyll is responsible
for photosynthesis / Haemoglobin, acts as
oxygen carrier in blood.
(ii) Extraction of metals : In extraction of some
metals like silver and gold, make use of
complex formation. Gold, for example,
combines with cyanide to form a coordination
entity from which metallic gold is separated by
addition of zinc.
Question 18
(a) What is a ‘chelate complex’? Give an example.
(b) Write the hybridisation and magnetic character
3−
of [FeF6] .
[Atomic number : Fe = 26 ]
(c) What type of isomerism is
shown by the
coordination compound Cr (H2O)5 Br1SO4 ?
(a) A complex formed by di or polydentate ligand
with central metal ion.
3+
Example: [Co(en)3]
3 2
(b) sp d , paramagnetic
(c) Ionisation isomerism
§ 2023 56/1/1 All Sets
Question 19
The compounds [Co(SO4)(NH3)5]Br and
[Co(Br)(NH3)5]SO4 represent :
(a) optical isomerism
(b) linkage isomerism
(c) ionisation isomerism
(d) coordination isomerism
(c) ionisation isomerism
Question 20
Assertion (A) : Low spin tetrahedral complexes
are rarely observed.
Reason (R) : Crystal field splitting energy is less
than pairing energy for tetrahedral complexes.
the Assertion (A).
Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true and
Reason (R) is the correct explanation of the
Assertion (A).
Question 21
Assertion (A) : EDTA is used to determine
hardness of water.
Reason (R) : EDTA is a bidentate ligand.
the Assertion (A).
Question 22
In coordination compounds, metals show two
types of linkages, primary and secondary. Primary
valencies are ionisable and are satisfied by
negatively charged ions. Secondary valencies are
non-ionisable and are satisfied by neutral or
negative ions having lone pair of electrons.
Primary valencies are non-directional while
secondary valencies decide the shape of the
complexes.
(i) If PtCl2 · 2 NH3 does not react with AgNO3,
what will be its formula ?
(ii) What is the secondary valency of [Co(en)3] ?3+
(iii) Write the formula of

Iron(III)hexacyanidoferrate(II). Write the
IUPAC name of [Co(NH3)5Cl]Cl2
OR
(iii) Write the hybridization and magnetic

behaviour of [Ni(CN)4]2
[Atomic number : Ni = 28]
(i) [Pt(NH3)2Cl2]
(ii) 6
(iii) Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3
Pentamminechloridocobalt(III) chloride
OR
2
(iii) dsp , diamagnetic
§ 2023 56/2 All Sets
Question 23
The oxidation state of Fe in [Fe(CO)5] is
(a) +2 (b) 0 (c) +3 (d) +5
(b) 0
Question 24
The formula of the complex dichloridobis
(ethane –1, 2-diamine) platinum (IV) nitrate is
(a) [PtCl2(en)2(NO3)2]
(b) [PtCl2(en)2] (NO3)2
(c) [PtCl2(en)2(NO3)]NO3
(d) [Pt(en)2(NO3)2]Cl2
(b) [PtCl2(en)2] (NO3)2
Question 25
Write the IUPAC names of the following :
(i) [Co(NH3)5(ONO)] 2+
(ii) K2[NiCl4]
OR
(i) What is a chelate complex ? Give one example.

(ii) What are heteroleptic complexes ? Give one
example.
(i) Pentaamminenitrito-O-cobalt(III) ion
(ii) Potassium tetrachloridonickelate(II)
OR
(i) A complex formed by a didentate or a

polydentate ligand. Ex- [Co(ox)3] 3−
(ii) Complexes in which a metal is bound to more

than one kind of donor groups or ligands.
+
Ex- [Co(NH3)4Cl2]
Question 26
(a) Draw the geometrical isomers of
[Co(en)2Cl2] .2+
Which geometrical isomer of [Co(en)2Cl2] is

2+
not optically active and why ?

(b) Write the hybridisation and magnetic
behaviour of [CoF6] 3−
[Given : Atomic number of Co = 27]

The trans isomer is not optically active because its

mirror image is superimposable.
3 2
sp d , paramagnetic.
Question 27
What is the secondary valency of Cobalt in
+
[Co(en2)Cl2] ?
(a) 6 (b) 4 (c) 2 (d) 8
(a) 6
Question 28
Which of the following ligands is an ambidentate
ligand ?
(a) CO (b) NO2 (c) NH3 (d) H2O
(b) NO2
Question 29
The formula of the complex Iron (III)
hexacyanidoferrate (II) is
(a) Fe2[Fe(CN)6] 3
(b) Fe4[Fe(CN)6] 3
(c) Fe[Fe(CN)6] (d) Fe3[Fe(CN)6] 2

(b) Fe4[Fe(CN)6] 3
§ 2023 56/3 All Sets
Question 30
How many ions are produced in the solution from
the complex [Ni(NH3)6]Cl2 ?
(a) 4 (b) 3 (c) 2 (d) 5
(b) 3
Question 31
Which of the following species is not expected to
be a ligand ?
+
(a) CO (b) NH4 (c) NH3 (d) H2O
+
(b) NH4
Question 32
Which of the following is the most stable complex
species ?
(a) [Fe(C2O4)3] 3−
(b) [Fe(CN)6] 3−
(c) [Fe(CO)5] (d) [Fe(H2O)6] 3+

(a) [Fe(C2O4)3] 3−
Question 33
Case based Question
Coordination compounds are widely present in
the minerals, plant and animal worlds and are
known to play many important functions in the
area of analytical chemistry, metallurgy, biological
systems and medicine. Alfred Werner’s theory
postulated the use of two types of linkages
(primary and secondary), by a metal atom/ion in
a coordination compound. He predicted the
geometrical shapes of a large number of
coordination entities using the property of
isomerism. The Valence Bond Theory (VBT)
explains the formation, magnetic behaviour and
geometrical shapes of coordination compounds.
It, however, fails to describe the optical properties
of these compounds. The Crystal Field Theory
(CFT) explains the effect of different crystal fields
(provided by the ligands taken as point charges)
on the degeneracy of d-orbital energies of the
central metal atom/ion.
Answer the following questions :
(i) When a coordination compound NiCl2 . 6 H2O
is mixed with AgNO3 solution, 2 moles of AgCl
are precipitated per mole of the compound.
Write the structural formula of the complex
and secondary valency for Nickel ion.
(ii) Write the IUPAC name of the ionisation isomer
of [Co(NH3)5(SO4)]Cl.
(iii) Using Valence Bond Theory, predict the
geometry and magnetic nature of :
(1) [Ni(CO)4]
(2) [Fe(CN)6] −3
[Atomic number : Ni = 28, Fe = 26]
OR
(iii) Give reasons :
(1) Low spin tetrahedral complexes are not
formed.
(2) [Co(NH3)6] is an inner orbital complex
3+
whereas [Ni(NH3)6] is an outer orbital

2+
complex.
[Atomic number : Co = 27, Ni = 28]

(i) Ni (H2O)6 Cl2, 6
(ii) Pentaamminechloridocobalt(III)sulphate

(iii) (1) Ni(CO)4 → tetrahedral, diamagnetic
3−
(2) [Fe(CN)6] → octahedral, paramagnetic
OR
(iii-1) Because ∆ t is not sufficient for the pairing of

electrons / Crystal field splitting energy
(CFSE) is not sufficient for pairing of
electrons.
(iii-2) NH3 being a strong field ligand can pair up
2 3
the electrons to form d sp but cannot pair
2+
up in Ni as two vacant d-orbitals are not
3 2
available. Therefore sp d is formed.
Question 34
Which of the following complexes is a ’chelate’
complex ?
3+ 3+
(a) Co (NH3)6 (b) [Co(en)3]
+ 3−
(c) Co (NH3)4 Cl2 (d) [CoF6]
3+
(b) [Co(en)3]
Question 35
Optical isomerism is not shown by the complex
+
(a) [Co(en)2Cl2] (trans form)
+
(b) [Co(en)2Cl2] (cis form)
3−
(c) [Cr(ox)3]
3+
(d) [Cr(en)3]
+
(a) [Co(en)2Cl2] (trans form)
Question 36
Which of the following is a polydentate ligand ?
(a) NH3 (b) H2N − CH2 − CH2 − NH2
4− 2−
(c) EDTA (d) C2O4
4−
(c) EDTA
Question 37
Which of the following coordination compounds
exhibits linkage isomerism ?

(a) Co (NH3)3 Cl3

(b) Co (NH3)5 (CO3) Cl

(c) Co (NH3)5 NO2 (NO3)2
(d) [Co(en)3] Cl3

(c) Co (NH3)5 NO2 (NO3)2
§ 2023 56/4 All Sets
Question 38
[Co(NH3)5NO3]SO4 and [Co(NH3)5SO4]NO3
exhibit :
(a) linkage isomerism
(b) ionization isomerism
(c) optical isomerism
(d) coordination isomerism
(b) ionization isomerism
Question 39
What type of isomerism is shown by the following
pair of complex compounds ?
[Co(NH3)6] [Cr(CN)6] and [Cr(NH3)6] [Co(CN)6]
(a) Linkage isomerism
(b) Hydrate isomerism
(c) Coordination isomerism
(d) Ionization isomerism
(c) Coordination isomerism
Question 40
The compounds
[Cr(H2O)6]Cl3
[Cr(H2O)5Cl]Cl2 · H2O and
[Cr(H2O)4Cl2]Cl · 2 H2O exhibit :
(a) Linkage isomerism
(c) Ionization isomerism
(d) Hydrate isomerism
(d) Hydrate isomerism
Question 41
The crystal field splitting energy in tetrahedral
crystal field (∆ t ) is equal to :
4 9 4
(a) ∆o (b) ∆o (c) ∆o (d) 2∆o
9 4 3
4
(a) ∆o
9
Question 42
In which of the following does the central atom
exhibit an oxidation state of +3 ?

(a) K2 Ni(CN)4 (b) K4 [Fe(CN)6]
3− 2+
(c) Fe C2O4 3 (d) Cu (NH3)4
3−
(c) Fe C2O4 3
Question 43
In which of the following does the central atom
exhibitan oxidation
state of +4 ?
2+
(a) K2 Ni(CN)4 (b) Cu (NH3)4
2+
(c) Pt (NH3)2 Cl2 (d) [Pt(en)2Cl2]
2+
(d) [Pt(en)2Cl2]
Question 44
Write IUPAC names of the following coordination entities
2+
(a) [Co(NH3)4Cl(NO2)]Cl (b) [PtCl2(en)2]
(a) Tetraamminechloridonitrito-N-cobalt(III) chloride
(b) Dichloridobis(ethane-1,2-diamine)platinum(IV) ion
Question 45
Write IUPAC names of the following coordination entities
(a) [Cr(NH3)3(H2O)3]Cl3 (b) K3[Al(C2O4)3]
(a) Triamminetriaquachromium (III) chloride
(b) Potassium trioxalatoaluminate (III)
Question 46
Write IUPAC names of the following
2+
(a) [Co(en)2(H2O)(CN)] (b) [Ni(NH3)6]Cl2
(a) aquacyanidobis(ethane-1,2-diamine)cobalt(III) ion
(b) hexaamminenickel(II) chloride
Question 47
3−
(a) Explain the type of hybridization in [Fe(CN)6] on the basis of
valence bond theory. (Given : Atomic number of Fe = 26 )
2−
(b) NiCl4 is paramagnetic while Ni(CO)4 is diamagnetic though
both are tetrahedral. Why?
(c) Name the type of isomerism when ambidentate ligands are attached
to central metal ion. Give one example of ambidentate ligand.
2+
(d) Draw the geometrical isomers of [PtCl2(en)2] ion.

6 2
(a) Fe = 3d 4s
2 3
Hence hybridization is d sp
−
(b) Cl being
a weak
2− field ligand does not cause pairing of electrons and
hence NiCl4 is paramagnetic while CO being
a strong field ligand
causes pairing of electrons therefore Ni(CO)4 is diamagnetic.
− − −
(c) Linkage isomerism. Example, CN /NO2 /SCN
(d)
cis trans
§ 2023 56/5 All Sets
Question 48
Assertion (A) : Trans [CrCl2(ox)2] 3–
shows
optical isomerism.
Reason (R) : Optical isomerism is common in
octahedral complexes involving didentate ligands.
the Assertion (A).
Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.
Question 49
Assertion (A) : EDTA is a hexadentate ligand.
Reason (R) : EDTA has 2 nitrogen and 4 oxygen
donor atoms.
the Assertion (A).
the Assertion (A).
Question 50
Assertion (A) : [Co(NH3)5 SO4]Cl gives a white
precipitate with silver nitrate solution.
–
Reason (R) : The complex dissociates to give Cl
2−
and SO4 ions.
the Assertion (A).
Question 51
(a) Which of the following species cannot act as a
− +
ligand? Give reason. OH , NH4 , CH3NH2, H2O

(b) The complex Co (NH3)5 (NO2) Cl2 is red in
colour. Give IUPAC name of its linkage isomer.
+
(a) NH4 , Due to the unavailability of lone pair of
electrons / cannot act as a Lewis base.
(b) Pentaamminenitrito-O-cobalt (III)chloride
Question 52
(a) On the basis of crystal field theory write the
5
electronic configuration for d ion with a
strong field ligand for which ∆0 > P.
(b) [Ni(CO)4] has tetrahedral geometry while
[Ni(CN)4] has square planar yet both exhibit
2–
dimagnetism. Explain.
5 0
(a) t2geg
3
(b) Ni(CO)4 has sp hybridisation
2− 2
Ni(CN)4 has dsp hybridisation
In both, all electrons are paired, which makes
it diamagnetic.
Question 53
(a) On the basis of crystal field theory write the
5
electronic configuration for d ion with a weak
ligand for which ∆0 < P.
(b) Explain [Fe(CN)6] is an inner orbital
3–
complex whereas [FeF6] is an outer orbital

3–
complex. [Atomic number : Fe = 26]

3 2
(a) t2geg
(b) [Fe(CN)6] : CN is a strong field ligand /
4– –
–
CN causes the pairing of the unpaired 3d
electrons.
[FeF6] : F is a weak field ligand / F does
3– – –
not cause the pairing of the 3d electrons.
Question 54
(a) On the basis of crystal field theory, write the
4
electronic configuration for d with a strong
field ligand for which ∆0 > P.
(b) A solution of [Ni(H2O)6] is green but a
2+
solution of [Ni(CO)4] is colourless. Explain.

4 0
(a) t2geg
(b) In [Ni(H2O)6] d-d transition is possible due
2+
to unpaired electrons as H2O is a weak field

ligand.
In [Ni(CO)4] d-d transition is not possible due
to no unpaired electrons as CO is a strong field
ligand.
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◎ Chapter 3
F Chemical Kinetics
¥ 7 Marks
PUBLISHED BY ¢
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For CUET UG PYQs
www.cuet.pw
Syllabus
Rate of a reaction (Average and
instantaneous), factors affecting rate of
reaction: concentration, temperature,
catalyst; order and molecularity of a
reaction, rate law and specific rate
constant, integrated rate equations and
half-life (only for zero and first order
reactions), concept of collision theory
(elementary idea, no mathematical
treatment), activation energy, Arrhenius
equation.
\ Graph Based PYQs
§ 2023 56/2 All Sets
Question 1
The slope in the plot of [R] vs. time for a zero
order reaction is
+k −k
(a) (b) −k (c) (d) +k
2.303 2.303
(b) −k
Question 2
[R]◦
The slope in the plot of ln vs. time for a first
[R]
order reaction is
+k −k
(a) (b) + k (c) (d) − k
2.303 2.303
+k
(a)
2.303
Question 3
The slope in the plot of ln[R] vs. time for a first
order reaction is
+k −k
(a) (b) – k (c) (d) + k
2.303 2.303
(b) – k
Theory Recap
Variation in the concentration vs time plot for

a zero order reaction
Plot between ln[R] and t for a first order
reaction
Plot of log [R]0/[R] vs time for a first order

reaction
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The chemical reactions involved are

Sn / HCl NaNO2/HCl H3PO2 CrO2Cl2

NO2 NH2 N2Cl

If you write different resonating structures of

Due to the electron releasing nature of alkyl

In the aqueous phase, the substituted ammonium

Hoffmann developed a method for preparation of

Benzenediazonium chloride is prepared by the

The carbon-halogen bond in alkyl or benzyl

(b) Complete the following :

A Answer ¥ Set 3, 2 Marks

COOH NH3 Br2 + NaOH NaNO2 + HCl

A Answer ¥ Set 1, 3 Marks

(ii) A = CH3CH2CN B = CH3CH2CH2NH2 C = CH3CH2CH2OH

(a) 1-aminopropane (c) Ethanoic acid

A Answer ¥ Set 1, 1 Marks

(a) ethyl nitrite (c) nitroethane

A Answer ¥ Set 2, 1 Marks

(1) + Br2 (aq) −→

A Answer ¥ Set 1, 4 Marks

(a) LiAlH4 (c) Fe and HCl

In Place of H2/Ni, LiAlH4 or Na(Hg) with C2H5OH can also be used.

Nitriles on reduction with lithium aluminium

Answer the following questions:

A Answer ¥ Set 1, 2 Marks

A Answer ¥ Set 3, 2 Marks

A Answer ¥ Set 1, 1 Marks

(iii) Write the formula of

(iii) Write the hybridization and magnetic

(i) What is a chelate complex ? Give one example.

(i) A complex formed by a didentate or a

(ii) Complexes in which a metal is bound to more

Which geometrical isomer of [Co(en)2Cl2] is

not optically active and why ?

[Given : Atomic number of Co = 27]

The trans isomer is not optically active because its

(c) Fe[Fe(CN)6] (d) Fe3[Fe(CN)6] 2

A Answer ¥ Set 3, 1 Marks

(c) [Fe(CO)5] (d) [Fe(H2O)6] 3+

[Atomic number : Ni = 28, Fe = 26]

whereas [Ni(NH3)6] is an outer orbital

(iii-1) Because ∆ t is not sufficient for the pairing of

A Answer ¥ Set 1, 3 Marks

complex whereas [FeF6] is an outer orbital

complex. [Atomic number : Fe = 26]

not cause the pairing of the 3d electrons.

solution of [Ni(CO)4] is colourless. Explain.

to unpaired electrons as H2O is a weak field

Variation in the concentration vs time plot for

Plot of log [R]0/[R] vs time for a first order

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