“Exploring the Impact of Negativity in Modern Literature: A

Study on Its Consequences and Implications.”

*Short info:
The word literature comes from the Latin word "litera" which means letter. It has been
defined differently by various authors. Some people define literature as any printed
matter written within a book, magazine, or pamphlet. Others define literature as a
faithful reproduction of man's diverse experiences combined into a single harmonious
expression. Because literature deals with man's ideas, thoughts, and emotions, it can
be described as his story. Literature and history are closely related. When researching a
race's history, it is almost certain that the feelings, aspirations, customs, and traditions
of the people will be included. Literature refers to the written expressions of these men's
feelings, aspirations, customs, and traditions. History documents a man's life, including
his experiences, emotions, and thoughts.

It's also literature. Then we can say that literature is history, and history is literature. To
know the history of a nation's spirit, one must read its literature. Therefore, to
understand the true spirit of a nation, one must "trace the little rills as they course along
down the ages, broadening and deepening into the great ocean of thought which men of
the present source are presently exploring. Philippine literature reflects the country's
history, mythology, culture, and foreign influences, evolving over time and adopting
writing philosophies and movements. It is written in a variety of languages, including
Spanish and English.

Negativity in modern literature can have a wide range of consequences, both for the
characters and for the readers. Negativity can sometimes be used to draw attention to
important social or political issues, such as poverty, inequality, or injustice. This can
increase awareness and encourage critical thinking about these issues. However,
excessive negativity in literature can have a negative impact on readers. Constant
exposure to negative themes and characters can induce feelings of hopelessness,
depression, and cynicism. This can be especially harmful for young people and those
who are already struggling with mental health issues. Furthermore, negativity in
literature can reflect societal attitudes. It allows for cultural expression, promotes
understanding and empathy, encourages critical thinking, shapes cultural values, and
has the potential to spark social change. Reading and participating in literature can help
us understand the world and promote positive social and cultural change. It can serve
as a conduit for excessive negativity to have an unfavorable effect on readers. Whereas
the reader's perceptions may be altered, and books and other literature that would
normally provide comfort may exacerbate their feelings of sadness, anger, or
hopelessness. Adverse reactions to reading material, such as fear, obsession, and guilt,
may be amplified, making readers more likely to emulate negative behaviors.

Furthermore, it has the potential to alter our perception of things, people, and events.
This broadens and shapes our worldview. With this, we can begin to learn, ask
questions, and develop our intuitions and instincts.

*General Problem

1. How does literature influence society?

2. How has modernism changed our literature?
3. Is modern literature affecting our lives today?
4. What is the significance of our modern literature?
5. How the implications and negativity of modern literature affect people's lives today.

*Methodology

3.1 Introduction.

This chapter describes the various methodologies used to gather and analyze data. The
methodologies will cover topics such as study location, research design, sampling and
sample size, data types, data collection methods, and data management.
3.2. Research Design

The descriptive research design used in this study is a method of describing the
characteristics of the population being studied. As was used in the data collection
process from respondents at a given point in time. This design always emphasizes the
what of the research subject over the why of the research subject. The one-on-one
interview was conducted at (input the location where you conducted it the survey).

3.3. Population of the Study

The study's population refers to all of the individuals, things, or elements that meet a
specific specification, i.e., all of the items under consideration in any field of inquiry. The
population for this study was about 10 respondents, from the 4th year students of
(insert mo nalang ung name ng school mo ___________________________).
Sampling, also known as sample means, refers to a subset of the population that will be
studied. (Krishna Swami, 1998), and sample design is a predetermined strategy for
selecting a sample from a given population.

3.4. Sampling Technique

Respondents from all fourth-year students from the AB English class selected using
convenience sampling.

3.5 Data Collection

In this study, the researcher will conduct one-on-one interviews with the ten students in
the AB English course.

3.7. Interview
This is a method of collecting data that involves oral and verbal communication between
the researcher and the respondent. Structured and unstructured questions were used
because they are flexible and adaptable, allowing researchers to gain more insight into
the topic. In accordance with the nature of the study, all fourth-year students from the
AB English class who participated in the interview were given a set of questions that
they needed to answer in order to gather information for the analytical portion of the
study.
*Supporting questions
What kind of literature are you most familiar with?
How important is literature to our modern generation?
What do you think could be the impact of negativity in modern literature?
Does modern literature also affect our perspective on life?
Why do you think modern literature has negative effects on our current generation?

*Literature review

Following its heyday from the 1950s to the early 1970s, practitioners of comparative
literature declared a crisis in the 1980s. The effects of the perceived crisis were felt not
only during conferences, but also through harsh budget cuts and the closure of
comparative literature departments around the world. Critics such as Franco Moretti,
Pascale Casanova, and Alexander Beecroft, among many others, attempted to address
the crisis over the decades that followed. As a result, methods and concepts like "distant
reading," "evolutionary literary history," "literary ecologies," and "world republic of
letters" quickly became the theoretical and methodological bulwarks of many
comparative literature departments against the perceived effects of the crisis.

In his seminal Origins and Rise of the Filipino Novel, Resil Mojares used similar ideas
and concepts, but to different ends. This paper will first attempt to compare Mojares' use
of the aforementioned concepts and methods to that of Beecroft, Casanova, and
Moretti. Finally, the paper aims to identify and elaborate on specific implications and
possibilities highlighted by Mojares' methodological interventions in the field and
practice of comparative literature in the Philippines.

Keywords: Crisis, comparative literature, literary history, Mojares, methodological

intervention, Philippines.
Cite as: Mendoza III, A.A.G. (2018). Resil Mojares and the crisis of comparative
literature in the Philippines. Journal of Nusantara Studies, 3(2), 80-91.
http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/jonus.vol3iss2pp80-91

References:
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At present, Philippine literature is a vibrant and dynamic field that includes a diverse
range of genres and stylistic approaches. It reflects the country's rich cultural heritage
as well as the ongoing struggle for social and political change. According to Lacuesta
(2012), Philippine literature is increasingly influenced by globalization, with writers
delving into the complexities of cultural identity and the challenges of living in an
interconnected world. Overall, Philippine literature remains a powerful tool for
understanding the country's history, culture, and identity, and it continues to play an
important role in the country's artistic and intellectual life.

Common Weaknesses and Potential Threats to Our Modern Literature

 Limited availability and exposure: Regardless of its rich literary heritage,

Philippine literature is not widely known outside of the country. This may limit the
reach and impact of Filipino authors and their work.

 Language barriers: Many works of Philippine literature are written in Filipino or

other indigenous languages, rendering them inaccessible to non-Filipino
speakers. Lack of government support.

 Lack of government support: The Philippine government does not provide

significant financial or other resources to promote and preserve Philippine
literature. While there are many talented Filipino writers, the literary community
lacks diversity in terms of gender, ethnicity, and socioeconomic status.
Threats: Globalization: As the world becomes more interconnected, there is a risk that
external influences will homogenize or dilute Philippine literature. Economic challenges:
Poverty and inequality can make it difficult for Filipino writers to obtain the resources
and support they require to succeed. Political instability and conflict have the potential to
disrupt the literary community and limit writers' opportunities. Changing cultural values:
As Philippine society evolves and changes, traditional literary forms and styles may
become marginalized or forgotten.

Suggestions and Recommendations for Policymakers in Philippine Literature Based on

the SWOT Analysis of Philippine Literature, the following suggestions and
recommendations are made for policymakers:

 Increase government support: One of the main weaknesses of Philippine

literature is the lack of financial support from the government. Policymakers can
address this by increasing funding for literary organizations and providing
resources for the promotion and preservation of Philippine literature.
 Promote diversity: Policymakers can take steps to promote diversity in the literary
community, such as creating programs and initiatives that support writers from
different genders, ethnicities, and socioeconomic backgrounds.
 Embrace digital media: The rise of digital media provides an opportunity for
Philippine literature to reach a wider audience. Policymakers can support the
development of online publishing platforms, e-books, and social media initiatives
to promote Philippine literature.
 Encourage translation: Policymakers can support the translation of Philippine
literature into other languages to increase its visibility and reach a wider audience
internationally.
 Foster cultural tourism: Promoting Philippine literature as part of cultural tourism
can help to increase its visibility and reach a wider audience both domestically
and internationally. Policymakers can work with the tourism industry to promote
literary tourism and support literary events and festivals.
 Invest in education: Policymakers can invest in education to develop literacy and
reading habits, as well as support creative writing programs in schools and
universities to nurture future writers. Overall, by providing increased support,
 embracing digital media, promoting diversity, encouraging translation, fostering
cultural tourism, and investing in education, policymakers can help to elevate the
profile of Philippine literature and promote its continued growth and development.

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