What is Volcanic Eruption?

First what is volcano?

A volcano is a mountain hill that has a crater or vent at the top in which lava, magma,
volcanic ash, and gas are erupted from its earth crust.

Volcanic eruption occurs when lava and magma are released from a volcano. A volcanic eruption
is considered dangerous and deadly because it can be effusive or calm, but sometimes it is explosive.
Volcanic eruption happens when two tectonic plates are pulling apart together or one plate is pushed
down against another. Volcanoes erupt when molten rocks rise to the surface. This is called "magma." It
is formed when the earth’s mantle melts. Explosive eruption can happen when the pressure of tectonic
plates is too high. This can be dangerous and destructive. Another way an eruption can occur is when
the water beneath the surface mixes with hot magma to produce steam. This can build enough pressure
to cause a volcanic eruption.

If you are under a volcanic warning:

 Keep an eye out for warnings and emergency information’s.

 Don’t leave if you’ve been told to do so. Follow all the evacuation and shelter instructions.
 Avoid places near the erupting volcanoes exit point.
 Make sure you’re safe from falling ash.
 When there is a lot of ash, don’t drive.
 Due to COVID-19, It must be hard to find a respirator such as N-95s. Cloth mask can be useful in
protecting and preventing you from inhaling ash. This is not considered as effective as respirator
but it might help you for the time being in eruptions.
 Reduce your exposure to ash.

Volcanic Eruption Safety Tips

Before:

 Prepare an emergency kit in case you need to be evacuated.

 Examine the evacuation routes in the city.
 Charge all of your devices and fill up your car
 Keep an eye out for notifications from local media and authorities.
 Inside the home, cover the apertures for windows and doors.
 Make sure you're not out in the elements.

During:

 Shelter in place or evacuate

 If there is a lot of ash, don't drive.
 Exclusion zones should be avoided (rivers, downwind)
 If necessary, wear a N95 respirator mask and goggles.
  Home heating or air conditioning should not be used.

After:

 Stay indoors until the authorities in your area indicate it's safe to depart.
 Examine the extent of the damage to your residence (take photos)
 Make sure your roof is free of ash (carefully)

References:

https://www.ifrc.org/volcanic-eruptions#:~:text=A%20volcanic%20eruption%20is%20when,the%20sides
%20of%20a%20volcano.

http://www.ssc.education.ed.ac.uk/bsl/geography/volcaniceruptiond.html

https://www.ready.gov/volcanoes

https://www.bbc.co.uk/newsround/44100737#:~:text=Volcanoes%20erupt%20when%20molten
%20rock,when%20the%20earth's%20mantle%20melts.&text=Another%20way%20an%20eruption
%20happens,pressure%20to%20cause%20an%20explosion.