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Air Pollution:
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 Causes: Burning fossil fuels (coal, oil, and natural gas) for energy
production, transportation (vehicle emissions), industrial processes,
agricultural activities (e.g., livestock farming), and wildfires. Other
sources include emissions from factories, construction activities, and
indoor sources like tobacco smoke and household chemicals.
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Water Pollution:
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 Causes: Industrial discharge of pollutants into water bodies (such as
heavy metals, chemicals, and wastewater), agricultural runoff containing
pesticides and fertilizers, improper disposal of waste (including
plastics), sewage discharge from urban areas, oil spills, and
sedimentation from deforestation and construction activities.
.
Soil Pollution:
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 Causes: Contamination of soil by industrial activities (e.g., mining,
manufacturing, and waste disposal), agricultural practices (use of
pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers), improper disposal of hazardous
waste, and accidental spills of chemicals or oil.
.
Noise Pollution:
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 Causes: Urbanization and industrialization leading to increased traffic
noise, construction activities, industrial machinery, aircraft noise, and
loud music. Other sources include outdoor events, recreational
activities (such as motorized sports), and noise from appliances and
equipment.
.
Light Pollution:
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 Causes: Excessive and poorly directed artificial lighting in urban areas,
including streetlights, commercial signage, and outdoor advertising.
Light pollution also arises from industrial facilities, sports stadiums, and
residential properties where lighting is not properly shielded or
controlled.
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Thermal Pollution:
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  Causes: Discharge of heated water from industrial processes, power
plants (thermal pollution from cooling systems), and urban runoff.
Changes in water temperature can disrupt aquatic ecosystems,
affecting the growth and survival of aquatic organisms.
.
Plastic Pollution:
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 Causes: Improper disposal and mismanagement of plastic waste,
including single-use plastics such as bottles, bags, and packaging.
Plastic pollution also results from industrial processes, microplastics
from the breakdown of larger plastic items, and plastic particles from
synthetic textiles.

These types of pollution often interact with and exacerbate one another,
leading to complex environmental problems with far-reaching consequences
for ecosystems, human health, and biodiversity. Addressing pollution requires
comprehensive strategies that involve regulation, technological innovation,
public awareness, and individual action.