Khulna University of Engineering & Technology

Department of Textile Engineering

Course no.: TE 4226

Experiment no.: 06
Name of the experiment: Study, Maintenance and Safety of Sewing machine
(lock Stitch Sewing machine).

Remarks

Date of Performance: Name : Md. Murshalin Alam

Roll No. : 1821050
Group : B
Year : 4th
Date of Submission: Term : 2nd
1.0 Introduction:
A sewing machine is a textile machine used to stitch fabric, paper, cards, and other materials
together with thread. It is an important part of the garment manufacturing industry as well. The
machine which produces stitches by interlacing threads is called a lock stitch machine. This
machine produces durable stitches and is very popular in the garment industry.
Sewing machines generally require basic maintenance of cleaning, oiling, and lubricating. These
procedures are covered in the use and care booklet that comes with the machine. It is the best
reference for the specific care required by the machine. Some machines are designed to be oil and
lubricant-free.

2.0 Objectives:
➢ To know about the lock stitch machine.
➢ To know different parts of the machine.
➢ To know about maintenance points of the machine.

3.0 Main Parts of the sewing machine and their functions:

Fig: Needle parts of sewing machine.

❖ Bed: The role of this part is to stabilize the machine to rest in a permanent place.
❖ Bobbin: It holds the bobbin thread
❖ Bobbin Case: It holds the bobbin in the machine and regulates the tension of the bobbin
thread.
❖ Bobbin Cover: It covers the bobbin and bobbin case in the machine.
❖ Bobbin Winder Spindle: It winds the thread from the spool to the bobbin, mechanically.

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❖ Throat/Needle Plate: It is a semi-circular disc with a hole to allow the needle to pass
through it.

Fig: Different parts of lock stitch sewing machine.

❖ Needle: This is the essential and most sensitive instrument of the machine which holds the
thread and sews the fabric.
❖ Feed Dogs: The feed dogs feed the fabric in the sewing direction.
❖ Presser Foot: The presser foot applies pressure consistently on the fabric as the sewing
takes place. Attach the appropriate presser foot for the selected stitching.
❖ Presser Foot Lever: The primary function of this part is to raise or lower the foot level.
❖ Thread Guides: This is a small hole that guides the thread from the spool to the needle.
❖ Thread take-up lever: The take-up lever pulls the thread back after each stitch, so that the
stitches will lay evenly into the fabric.
❖ Thread Tension Control: This determines the tightness or looseness of the stitch.
❖ Spool Pin: The Spool pin holds the spool of thread. It can be horizontal or vertical in place.
❖ Hand Wheel: It is used to manually raise and lower the needle.
❖ Pattern/Stitch selector: It determines the stitch type such as straight stitches or an
embroidery stitch or zigzag.

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 ❖ Stitch width regulator: It determines the length of the stitches on the fabric. The range on
this machine is from 0 to 4 (0=the shortest stitch, 4=the longest).
❖ Stitch width regulator: It allows the user to control the width of the stitches on the fabric.
The range on this machine is from 0 to 4 (0=the shortest stitch, 4=the longest).
❖ Food Pedal: Foot Pedal regulates the starting, running, and stopping of the machine
❖ Stitch width regulator: It allows the user to control the width of the stitches on the fabric.
The range on this machine is from 0 to 4 (0=the shortest stitch, 4=the longest).
❖ Reverse Lever: The liver works to depress the lever which enables the mechanism to move
backward or in reverse.
❖ Stitch length regulator: It determines the length of the stitches on the fabric. The range
on this machine is from 0 to 4 (0=the shortest stitch, 4=the longest).

4.0 Maintenance of sewing machine:

Maintenance can be of different types. But following types are important in this aspect:
❖ Routine maintenance: Lubrication and regular inspection is the constituent of routine
maintenance. Lubrication ensures long life and safe working of all equipment’s. Inspection
tries to detect faults in equipment so that repairs and replacements may be undertaken at
the right time.
❖ Scheduled maintenance: This type of maintenance provides for inspection, overhaul
lubrication and servicing of the machine at predetermined dates. Overhauling of the
machine, cleaning of all components is normally done in this manner. It involves opening
of the machine into its smallest components and carry out lubrication.

5.0 Setting of the machine:

❖ The setting of the lock stitch machine is of imminence importance. Following Setting
points needs to be ensured before running the machine.
❖ Stitch density controller: It controls the no. of stitches per inch. Before starting the
machine, stitches per inch is determined by rotating the knob and fixing it at the desired
position.
❖ Motor: Motor rpm decides the speed of the machine, The rpm is controlled by tightening
or losing the belt over machine and motor pulley.
❖ Needle: Needle undergoes accurate setting to ensure proper sewing. Needle is attached by
means of a screw which needs to be tightened enough to produce easy sewing. Again, the
needle size is also important from fabric point of view.

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 ❖ Presser foot: The type of presser foot to be used and its proper setting is important, which
is ensured by proper attachment with the moor through machine pulley.
❖ Feed dog: It is often found that due to random working the feed dog is subjected to be
loose which may cause accident also. Thus, the dog must be set properly with the screw.

6.0 Precaution:

❖ Following precaution must be followed when repair, setting maintenance or replacement

is carried out in the lock stitch machine:
❖ All repair and maintenance work must be carried out by switching off the machine.
❖ Right tools should be used at right place.
❖ Skilled personnel should be involved for specialized job.
❖ Careful handling of all the components is necessary.
❖ The components should not be too tight or to lose.

5.0 Conclusion:
Having done this experiment, it is learned about the sewing machine. This machine has various
parts which are very important for running as well as maintaining the machine properly. Generally,
this type of machine is used mostly in the garment sectors for sewing various types of garments.
As a result, this experiment is very importance for us as a textile learner.

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