Valeriia Sichka

Assistant of the Applied Linguistics Department

Faculty of International Economic Relations
Uzhhorod National University, Ukraine

Mykhailo Broshniak
The IInd-year student of the Applied Linguistics Department
Faculty of International Economic Relations
Uzhhorod National University, Ukraine

Pollution Due to Urbanization

The process of urbanization has brought about significant changes to the
environment, including an increase in pollution levels. This article explores the
various types of pollution associated with urbanization, including air, water, and soil
pollution, and their impacts on human health and the environment. It also discusses
the sources of pollution, such as industrial activities, transportation, and residential
activities, and the measures that can be taken to mitigate their effects.
The first chapter discusses the causes of pollution due to urbanization,
including the increasing population density, industrialization, urban development, and
transportation. The rise in population density leads to increased waste production and
disposal, which contributes to pollution. Industrialization and urban development lead
to increased energy consumption, emissions, and waste production, which also
contribute to pollution. Transportation, including private cars and public
transportation, emits pollutants into the air, further contributing to pollution levels[1].
The second chapter provides an overview of the types of pollution associated
with urbanization, including air pollution, water pollution, and soil pollution.
Urbanization leads to increased emissions of pollutants from transportation, industrial
activities, and energy consumption, leading to air pollution. Water pollution occurs
due to runoff from roads, buildings, and other infrastructure, leading to the
contamination of water bodies. Soil pollution results from the deposition of pollutants
in the soil, often from industrial activities and waste disposal[2].
 The third chapter explores the effects of pollution due to urbanization,
including the health impacts on residents, environmental impacts, and economic
impacts. The pollutants emitted from various sources, including transportation and
industrial activities, can have harmful effects on human health, such as respiratory
illnesses, cancer, and cardiovascular diseases. Pollution also has adverse effects on
the environment, such as the contamination of water bodies and soil, loss of
biodiversity, and climate change. Furthermore, pollution can lead to economic
impacts, such as decreased property values and increased healthcare costs.
The fourth chapter discusses measures that can be taken to control pollution
due to urbanization. These measures include the use of renewable energy sources,
such as solar and wind power, to reduce emissions from energy consumption.
Sustainable transportation options, such as public transportation and biking, can
reduce emissions from transportation. Green infrastructure, such as green roofs and
urban forests, can help mitigate the effects of pollution on the environment. Proper
waste management strategies, such as recycling and composting, can reduce waste
production and disposal. Implementing these measures is crucial in reducing
pollution and promoting a more sustainable urban environment.
The article concludes by emphasizing the need on controlling pollution due to
urbanization. It is essential for protecting the environment, public health, and
achieving sustainable development. Green technologies, smart cities, circular
economy, education and awareness, and government policies are potential solutions
to reduce pollution levels and create a healthier and more sustainable future for urban
areas[3].
References:
1. N. B. Grimm et al. The changing landscape: ecosystem responses
to urbanization and pollution across climatic and societal gradients. Frontiers
in Ecology and the Environment. 2008. Vol. 6, no. 5. P. 264–272.
URL: https://doi.org/10.1890/070147 (date of access: 22.04.2023).
2. R. Grote et al. Functional traits of urban trees: air pollution
mitigation potential. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. 2016. Vol. 14,
no. 10. P. 543–550.
 URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.1426 (date of access: 22.04.2023).
3. H. L. Reynolds et al. Green infrastructure for urban resilience: a
trait‐based framework. Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment. 2021.
URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/fee.2446 (date of access: 22.04.2023).