UNIVERSITAS TRUNOJOYO MADURA KODE DOKUMEN

FAKULTAS ILMU SOSIAL DAN ILMU BUDAYA

PRODI SASTRA INGGRIS LKM. PRAG
STUDENT WORK SHEET (LKM)
Course Lecturer : Darul Hikmah, S.S., M.Pd.
Subject Matter/Topic : Reference and Inference

Course Design : Lecture and Discussion

STUDENT IDENTITY
Name/NIM/Class
Meeting 4
Day/ Date Wednesday, 13 September 2023

WORKING INSTRUCTIONS
a. Please answer the following questions on the basis of your knowledge and understanding.
b. Please use your own words to elaborate your answers and do not cheat or merely copy and
paste the answers.
c. Write the answers on the provided column.
QUESTIONS
1. What do you know about ‘reference’ and ‘referring expression’?
2. What do you understand about the following statement: “Reference is not based on an
objectively correct (vs. incorrect), but on locally successful (vs. Unsuccessful) choice of
expression.”?
3. In the case of reference, how do you distinguish ‘referential use’ and ‘attributive use’ of a
linguistic expression?
4. What does a listener need to do for successful reference to occur?
5. What do you understand about the following statement: “Successful reference is
collaborative.”?
6. In the pragmatic point of view, what is meant by co-text? Elaborate your answer with
example(s).
7. Elaborate ‘anaphora’, ‘cataphora’, and ‘zero anaphora’. You should include examples in your
answer.
STUDENT ANSWERS