School of Health & Life Sciences

Department of Environmental Science & Management

Lab Experiment- 01: Understanding Scientific Method
Course: ENV 107
Section: 12
Submitted to:
Dr. Abdus Samad Azad, Ph.D
Lecturer,
Department of Environmental Science & Management
North South University
Submitted by:
Name ID
Md Sabab Tahsin Chowdhury 2012020030
Question 1: How much did the households pay for electricity for the two months (Include
both including and excluding vat)? (This may be listed as “Total bill.” Total Dues
(Rounded)” is the amount without VAT. Check to see if your bill includes other utilities, such
as gas,or if your bill covers more than 1 month.)

Answer:
 For the month of February,2020
Total due excluding VAT: 451.00 Taka
Amount of VAT: 23.00 Taka
Total bill including VAT: 474.00 Taka

 For the month of August,2021

Total due excluding VAT: 1809.00 Taka
Amount of VAT: 91.00 Taka
Total bill including VAT: 1900.00 Taka

The households paid 474.00 taka and 1900.00 for the electricity bill of February,2020 and on
August 2021, which is the Total bill or including VAT amount. The households have paid the bill
on time that is why, they did not need to pay the amount of after due date which was 498.00
taka and 1995.00 taka.
This bill does not include other utilities like gas and does not cover more than 1 month as well.
Question 2: How many kilowatt hours of electricity did the households use in the two
months? (This may be listed as “meter usage,” “recorded demand,” “kWh consumed,” or
“electricity usage.”)

Answer: The households used 69 kilowatt-hours (KWH) in the month of February,2020 and 300
kilowatt-hours (KWH) in the month of August,2021.
1 kilowatt hour (KWH) is the energy consumed by a 1000-watt or 1 kilowatt electrical
appliance operating for 1 hour.
So, the month of February,2020
The households 69 (KWH) that means have used or consumed 69000-watt or 69-kilowatt
electrical appliance operating for 1 hour
And the month of August,2021
The households 300 (KWH) that means have used or consumed 300000-watt or 300-kilowatt
electrical appliance operating for 1 hour.

Question 3: What is the cost the households pay per kilowatt hour? (You have to divide the
“Total Energy Charge” by “KWH Consumed”. “Demand Charge” is the charge that is a set
fee paid monthly or seasonally – most customers pay for the energy they use)

Answer:
the month of February,2020
Total Energy Charge = 276.00 Taka
KWH Consumed = 69 KWH
The cost I pay per kilowatt-hour,
= Energy Charge / KWH Consumed
= (276 / 69) Taka = 4 Taka
Therefore, they paid 4 Taka per kilowatt-hour in the month of February,2020.
And the month of August,2021
Total Energy Charge = 1629.25 Taka
KWH Consumed = 300 KWH
The cost I pay per kilowatt-hour,
= Energy Charge / KWH Consumed
= (1629.25 / 300) Taka = 5.43 Taka
Therefore, they paid 5.43 Taka per kilowatt-hour in the month of August,2021

Question 4: Can you tell from the bill if any or all of the electricity comes from renewable
energy sources? (They may pay extra to ensure a portion of their electricity come from
renewable resources.)

Answer: According to the data Bangladesh use only 3% Renewable energy of total energy
consumption.

Question 5: Calculate the water bill for one flat from the bill provided in slide 15

Answer:
Total Water bill with VAT = 4330.00 Taka
Number of Flats = 5
the water bill for one flat
= (4330/5) Taka
= 866.00 Taka.
Question 6: Energy efficiency refers to completing a task using less energy input than
usual. For example, an LED light bulb produces the same amount of light as other bulbs,
but with less energy. Where do you see opportunities to become more energy efficient at
your home (discuss any three techniques)?

Answer:
Stop leaving things on standby: I will use smart technology: that doesn’t use energy when it is
not required & smart technology is an upfront investment but will save me money (and energy)
in the long run. It can turn lights on and off if i forget, turn heating on an hour before getting
home, and more. 
Refrigerators and freezers: If we use Refrigerators with Linear Converter Compressor, we save
more energy and ensure energy efficiency. Also, Refrigerators operate most efficiently when
full, so keeping my refrigerator and freezer as full as possible (using water bottles if nothing
else).
Improve Home Insulation: Insulate Windows and Doors: Proper insulation of windows and
doors helps maintain a consistent indoor temperature, reducing the need for excessive heating
or cooling.

Question 7: Energy conservation refers to behaviors and actions that people can do to
save or use less energy. For example, turning off the lights when you leave a room is an
action you can take that reduces the amount of electricity you use. Briefly discuss any
three actions you can take to reduce the amount of energy you use?

Answer:
Action 1: When we fill our water tank, sometimes we forget to turn the motor off. By doing this
we are wasting electricity energy also wasting water that has been spilled out of the tank. If we
make the water tank refill system automated or set alarm before turning on the motor, we can
save a lot of energy.
Action 2: During the summer months, I can close the blinds, curtains, and drapes on the sunny
side of my house to help keep the temperature cooler and the AC working less. Open the
windows during the colder months to allow the sun to warm the house.
Action 3: Doing some works manually rather than doing the same thing with home appliances.
Say for instance, Cooking rice, making tea or coffee.

Question 8: Saifan and his wife are in the market for a new microwave oven and a
television! a) One microwave oven they like is energy efficient, but a bit more expensive
and another one is cheap but consumes more energy. According to you which one they
should buy and why? b) They also found a LED and LCD television of the same price.
According to you which one they should buy and why?

Answer:
A) For the microwave oven, it depends on Saifan and his wife's priorities. If they prioritize
energy efficiency and are willing to invest a bit more upfront, the energy-efficient microwave
would be a better choice. Over time, it can lead to cost savings on energy bills and is also
environmentally friendly. However, if their budget is a significant concern and they are not
overly concerned about energy consumption, they might opt for the cheaper microwave.

b) As for the LED and LCD televisions, generally, LED TVs have become more popular due to
their improved energy efficiency, better picture quality, and slimmer design. If Saifan and his
wife are looking for a more modern and energy-efficient option, the LED television would be a
better choice.

Question 9: According to you what can be the possible reasons for such a difference in the
bills for these two months in SLIDE 13 and SLIDE 14? Briefly discuss any four reasons

Answer: In SLIDE 13 and SLIDE 14 we got that there is bill of two months one is of the month of
February 2020 and another one is the month of August, 2021. The possible reasons for such a
difference in the bills for these two months are:

1. Seasonal Variations: Energy consumption often varies with the seasons. For example,
heating or cooling systems may be used more intensively during extreme weather
 conditions, leading to higher bills. A colder or hotter month can result in increased
energy usage for heating or cooling purposes.

2. Changes in Occupancy: If there are changes in the number of occupants or their

behaviors, it can impact utility bills. For instance, having guests over, extended use of
appliances, or changes in daily routines can contribute to variations in energy and water
consumption.

3. Appliance Upgrades or Repairs: If there have been recent upgrades or repairs to

appliances, heating/cooling systems, or other household equipment, it could influence
energy consumption. Newer, more energy-efficient appliances might lower bills, while
repairs may temporarily increase consumption.

4. Rate Changes or Billing Errors: Utility providers may adjust their rates, and billing errors
can occur. Check whether there have been any changes in the utility rates or if there are
discrepancies in the meter readings. Sometimes, mistakes in billing calculations or meter
readings can lead to unexpected variations in bills.