Circular and Distinguishable

Permutation
 OBJECTIVES
▪ illustrate the permutation of objects
▪ solve problems involving permutation
 PERMUTATION
A Permutation of a set of
objects is an ordered
arrangement of the objects.
ORDER IS IMPORTANT!
 Permutation
The number of permutations
of a set of 𝑛 distinct objects
is 𝑛!
 Permutation
The number of permutations of 𝑛
distinct objects, taken 𝑟 at a time,
where 𝑛 ≥ 𝑟, denoted by the symbol
𝑛𝑃𝑟 or 𝑃(𝑛, 𝑟) read as “Permutation of
𝑛 objects taken 𝑟 at
𝑛!
a time”, is 𝑛 𝑃𝑟 =
𝑛−𝑟 !
Circular Permutation
Circular Permutation is an
ordered arrangement of
objects in a circular manner
Circular Permutation
If observations can be made
only from one side, (clockwise
and counterclockwise
arrangements are different),
then 𝑃 = (𝑛 − 1)!
Example 1
Find the number of ways a family of 8
can be seated around a circular table
with 8 chairs.
𝑃 = 𝑛−1 !
𝑃 = 8−1 !
𝑃 =7∙6∙5∙4∙3∙2∙1
𝑃 = 5040
Example 2
In how many ways can 7 children ride
a "Merry Go Round“ with 7 horses?
𝑃 = 𝑛−1 !
𝑃 = 7−1 !
𝑃 =6∙5∙4∙3∙2∙1
𝑃 = 720
Circular Permutation
If observations can be made from both
sides because it can be flipped, (such as
bracelets, necklaces, key ring, etc.,
clockwise, and counterclockwise
𝑛−1 !
arrangements are same), then 𝑃 =
2
Example 3
In how many ways can 10 beads be
arranged to form a bracelet?
𝑛−1 !
𝑃=
2 9∙8∙7∙6∙5∙4∙3∙2∙1
10 − 1 ! 𝑃=
𝑃= 2
2 𝑃 = 181440
9!
𝑃=
2
Example 4
In how many ways can 5 keys be
arranged on a key ring?
𝑛−1 !
𝑃= 4∙3∙2∙1
2 𝑃=
5−1 ! 2
𝑃= 𝑃 = 12
2
4!
𝑃=
2
Distinguishable Permutation
The number of Distinguishable
Permutations of n objects
where p objects are alike, q
objects are alike, r objects are
𝑛!
alike, and so on, is: 𝑃 =
𝑝!𝑞!𝑟!
Example 5
How many distinguishable permutations can
be formed from the letters of the word
CLASS?

𝑛!
𝑃= 5∙4∙3∙2∙1
𝑝! 𝑞! 𝑟! 𝑃=
5! 2∙1
𝑃= 𝑃 = 60
2!
Example 6
How many distinct permutations can be
formed from all the letters of the word
MESSENGER?
𝑛!
𝑃= 9∙8∙7∙6∙5∙4∙3∙2∙1
𝑝! 𝑞! 𝑟! 𝑃=
9! 3∙2∙1∙2∙1
𝑃= 𝑃 = 30240
3! 2!
PROBLEM SOLVING
A barangay hall has a straight row of 7 flagpoles at its main
entrance during the fiesta of barangay. It has 4 identical
green flags and 3 identical yellow flags. How many distinct
arrangements of flags on the flagpoles are possible?

𝑛!
𝑃= 7∙6∙5∙4∙3∙2∙1
𝑝! 𝑞! 𝑟! 𝑃=
7! 4∙3∙2∙1∙3∙2∙1
𝑃= 𝑃 = 35
4! 3!
PROBLEM SOLVING
In how many ways can 12 differently colored
beads be threaded on a string?
(𝑛 − 1)!
𝑃= 11 ∙ 10 ∙ 9 ∙ 8 ∙ 7 ∙ 6 ∙ 5 ∙ 4 ∙ 3 ∙ 2 ∙ 1
2 𝑃=
(12 − 1)! 2
𝑃= 𝑃 = 19 958 400
2
11!
𝑃=
2
PROBLEM SOLVING
In how many ways can a group of 10 persons
arrange themselves around a circular table?
𝑃 = 𝑛−1 !
𝑃 = 10 − 1 !
𝑃 = 9!
𝑃 =9∙8∙7∙6∙5∙4∙3∙2∙1
𝑃 = 362 880
PROBLEM SOLVING
In how many ways can a group of 10 persons
arrange themselves around a circular table if 3
of them insist on sitting beside each other?

𝑃 = 𝑛−1 !
𝑃 = 7! 3!
𝑃 =7∙6∙5∙4∙3∙2∙1∙3∙2∙1
𝑃 = 30 240
PROBLEM SOLVING
In how many ways can a group of 10 persons
arrange themselves around a circular table if 3
of them must not sit next to each other?

𝑃 = 𝑛−1 !
𝑃 = 9! − 7! 3!
𝑃 = 362 880 − 30 240
𝑃 = 332 640