ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF COWPEA PRODUCTION

(A CASE STUDY OF YARYASA, TUDUN WADA LOCAL

GOVERNMENT OF KANO STATE)

BY:

Name: EUNICE MOSES AGEBE

Reg No: HND20AEM011
 ABSTRACT

The study examined Economic Analysis of Cowpea Production in Yaryasa, Tudun

Wada local government of Kano state. Relevant literatures were reviewed on the
production of cowpea. The primary data for the study were obtained using structured
questionnaire which was administered using simple random technique to 100
farmers in the study area. Simple descriptive statistics such as frequencies and
percentages were used to analyze the data. The results also showed that the
estimated total variable cost, total cost, total revenue and net farm income were
₦20250, ₦20250, ₦77000 and ₦56750 respectively. The Farmers major constraints
were pest and diseases, drought, lack of credit facilities. Based on these findings, it
can be concluded that most of the farmers in the study area are largely involved in
cowpea production and there is available farm land for the production of cowpea in
the area. The study recommends that farmers should be provided with farm inputs
especially credit facilities, improved seed varieties and agrochemicals.
 CHAPTER ONE

 INTRODUCTION:
Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is a member of the vigna (peas or beans) genus. Unguiculata is a
Latin word “with a small claw”, which reflects the small stalks on the flower petals. All
cultivated cowpea are found within the universally accepted vigna-unguiculata sub-species
unguiculata classification, which is then commonly divided into four cultivar groups
(Unguiculata, Bilflora, sesquipedalis and textiles). Some well cultivated cowpea is commonly
named as Lesara/Dangbadi, Assanese, black eye, pea, southern pea, yardlang bean, crowder
pea etc (Langyintuo et al., 2015). Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata) is a major legume crop grown
in many part of the world. Much of its production takes place in the savannah region of the
countries in the world, in which Nigeria is inclusive.
 STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM:
However, as there are no national data on food security and poverty, information on rural
food security and poverty are not readily available especially in Nigeria (Omotosho, 2015).
Hence, And there are limited study on how increasing farmers efficiency in cowpea
production as a means of reducing poverty among farmers in Kano state Nigeria. Therefore
the researcher intends to find answer to the following research questions:
Research Questions:
• What is the socio economic characteristic of cowpea farmers in the study area?
• What are the costs of return in cowpea production in the study area?
• What are the constraints associated with cowpea production in the study area?
 OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:
The major objective of this research is to examine the Economic Analysis of Cowpea
Production in Yaryasa. The specific objectives are to:
• Identify the socio-economic characteristics of cowpea farmers in Yaryasa local
government
• Determine the costs, returns and profitability of cowpea production in the
study area.
• Identify and describe the constraints associated with cowpea production in the
study area.
 CHAPTER THREE:
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

 POPULATION OF THE STUDY

 SAMPLE AND SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
 METHOD OF DATA COLLECTION
 DATA ANALYSIS
 CHAPTER FOUR:
RESULT AND DISCUSSION
 BIO-DATA OF THE RESPONDENTS
• Table 1: FARM SIZE OF COWPEA FARM
Parameter Frequency Percentage

0.5 – 1.5 Hectare 27 27

1.6 – 2.5 Hectare 48 48

2.6 – 3 Hectare 14 14

Above 3 Hectare 11 11

Total 100 100%

 BIO-DATA OF THE RESPONDENTS
• Table 2: YEARS OF EXPERIENCE IN COWPEA FARMING
Parameter Frequency Percentage
1-5 12 13
6-10 20 20
11-15 28 28
16 and above 39 39
Total 100 100%

• Table 3: TYPES OF FERTILIZERS USED IN THE FARMING OF COWPEA

Parameter Frequency Percentage
Organic manure 21 21
Inorganic manure 39 39
Green manure 9 9
Combination 31 31
Total 100 100%
 BIO-DATA OF THE RESPONDENTS
• Table 4: RESPONSES ON ACCESS TO CREDITS

Parameter Frequency Percentage

Yes 11 11

No 89 89

Total 100 100%

• Table 5: PROBLEMS ENCOUNTERED WITH COWPEA PRODUCTION

Parameter Frequency Percentage

Pest and Disease 52 52
Weed 9 9
Drought 11 11
Nematodes 18 18
Low Price 10 10
Others 0 0
Total 100 100%
 BIO-DATA OF THE RESPONDENTS
• Table 6: AVERAGE COST AND RETURN PER HECTARE OF COWPEA
PRODUCTION
Variable % Contribution
Value/Cost (₦/h)
1. Total Revenue 77000
2. Variable Cost
a. Seed (kg) 5625 27.7
b. Fertilizer (kg) 2625 12.9
c. Labour (man - day) 7500 37.0
d. Herbicides 1375 6.7
e. Land preparation 3125 15.4
3. Total Variable Cost (a + b +c + d + e) 20250

4. Total Cost 20250

5. Net Farm Income (1-4) 56750
 CHAPTER FIVE
SUMMARY, CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATIONS

 SUMMARY:
This study focused on Economic Analysis of cowpea production in
Kano state, Yaryasa, Tudun Wada Local Government as a case study.
Four villages were randomly selected from Local Government Areas
and 100 farmers were selected for the study. Primary data were
collected through the use of structured questionnaire. The statistical
tools used to analyze the data was simple descriptive statistics and
percentage tables. The results of the socio-economic analysis shows
that (28%) of the respondents fall within the age range of 35 – 44
years, the majority of the farmers (44%) had non-formal education,
about 45% of the respondents have household size of 6-10. (39%) had
been in cowpea farming for over 16 years, (89%) of the farmers
reported that they did not have access to credits, (52%) of the farmers
experienced pest and diseases as constraint to cowpea production.
 CONCLUSION :

Based on the findings of this study, it could be concluded that most of

the farmers in the study area are largely involved in cowpea production
and there is available farm land for the production of cowpea in the
area. The farmers have a good output of cowpea produce though most
of them have non-formal education but due to their years involved in
cowpea production they have been able to master the act of cowpea
produce. The incidence of poverty could be reduced through increase
in educational level, extension contact and access to credit which is
associated with improvement in productivity and income.
 RECOMMENDATIONS :
From the findings of this study, the following recommendations are
made:
• Most of the respondents complained of high cost of farm input
such as fertilizers, improved seeds and agrochemical as part of
the constraints they faced, hence the government should ensure
timely and adequate supply of fertilizer to farmers at affordable
prices in order to enhance the production of this crop.
• Majority of the farmers financed their production through
personal savings and relatives which are mostly not adequate for
appreciable production, therefore agricultural loan facilities
should be made accessible to cowpea producers to ensure timely
and adequate utilization of agricultural inputs for improvement in
farm production efficiency.
 REFRENCES :
 Abdu, O. (2017). An Economics Analysis of cowpea production among farmers in
Askira/Uba LGA of Borno state. Nigeria. Africa Journal of General Agriculture. 6(1):31
7:17.
 Adamu, S., Timothy, J., Mohammed, B. and Siewe, F. (2016). Measurement of Efficiency
of Cowpea Production in Kaduna State, Nigeria: A Data Envelopment Approach. British
Journal of Applied Science & Technology .9(3)121-131
 Ajeigbe, C., Singh, B., Adogun, J., Adamu R. and Chikoye, D. (2016). Improved cowpea-
cereal cropping system: cereal double cowpea system for Northern Guinea Savanna zone.
Pp 17
 Ali, M and Flinn, A. (2015). Analysis of Technical Efficiency and Profitability of Growing
Potato, Carrot, Radish and Bitter Gourd: A case study of Pakistani Punjab. An unpublished
PhD dissertation submitted to the Department of Environmental and Resource Economics,
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
 Alonso, A., Egbetokun, A and Akanbi, A.T (2016). Evaluation of cowpea germplasm line
for line for minerals and protein contents in grains. Journal of Agriculture
 Auko, E. (2016). Comparison of some cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. walp) genotype from
Turkey for seed yield related characteristics Journal of Agronomy, 3(2):137-140.
 REFRENCES :
 Abdu, O. (2017). An Economics Analysis of cowpea production among farmers in
Askira/Uba LGA of Borno state. Nigeria. Africa Journal of General Agriculture. 6(1):31
7:17.
 Adamu, S., Timothy, J., Mohammed, B. and Siewe, F. (2016). Measurement of Efficiency
of Cowpea Production in Kaduna State, Nigeria: A Data Envelopment Approach. British
Journal of Applied Science & Technology .9(3)121-131
 Ajeigbe, C., Singh, B., Adogun, J., Adamu R. and Chikoye, D. (2016). Improved cowpea-
cereal cropping system: cereal double cowpea system for Northern Guinea Savanna zone.
Pp 17
 Ali, M and Flinn, A. (2015). Analysis of Technical Efficiency and Profitability of Growing
Potato, Carrot, Radish and Bitter Gourd: A case study of Pakistani Punjab. An unpublished
PhD dissertation submitted to the Department of Environmental and Resource Economics,
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
 Alonso, A., Egbetokun, A and Akanbi, A.T (2016). Evaluation of cowpea germplasm line
for line for minerals and protein contents in grains. Journal of Agriculture
 Auko, E. (2016). Comparison of some cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. walp) genotype from
Turkey for seed yield related characteristics Journal of Agronomy, 3(2):137-140.
THANK
YOU