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RELATIONS AND FUNCTIONS – 2024

Assertion – Reason Based Questions

In the questions, a statement of assertion (A) is followed by a statement of
Reason (R). Choose the correct answer out of the following choices.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct Explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false (d) A is false but R is true.
1
1. Assertion (A) : The function f : R  R defined by
* *
f ( x)   is one-one and onto, where R* is the set of
x
all non-zero real numbers.
1
Reason (R) : The function g : N  R* defined by f ( x) 
is one-one and onto.
x
2. Assertion (A) : Let A and B be sets. Then, the function f : A  B  B  A such that f (a, b)  (b, a) is
bijective.
Reason (R) : A function f is said to be bijective, if it is both one-one and onto.
3. Assertion (A) : The modulus function f : R  R given by f ( x) | x | is neither one-one nor onto.
 1, x  0

Reason (R) : The signum function f : R  R given by f ( x)   0 x  0 is bijective.
1 x  0

4. Assertion (A) : The function f : R  R given by f ( x)  x3 is injective
Reason (R) : The function f : X  Y is injective, if f ( x)  f ( y)  x  y for all x, y  x
5. Assertion (A) : The f : R  R given by f ( x) | x |  x is one-one onto.
Reason (R) : A function is said to be one-one and onto, if each element has unique image and range
of f ( x) is equal to codomain of f ( x)
INVERSE OF TROGONOMETRIC FUNCTIONS
1
6. Assertion (A) : Domain of f ( x)  sin x  cos x is [1,1]
Reason (R) : Domain of a function is the set of all possible values for which function will be defined
   
7. tan 1 x is 
Assertion (A) : Range of , 
 2 2
1
Reason (R) : Domain of tan x is R.
 1 1 
8. Assertion (A) : The domain of the function sec1 2 x is  ,   U  ,  
 2 2 

Reason (R) : sec1 (2)  
4
1   2   2
9. Assertion (A) : sin sin   
  3  3
   
Reason (R) : sin 1 (sin  )   if    , 
 2  2

MATRICES
 3 1 0 
3 
10. Assertion (A) : The matrix ( A)   3 2 1  is rectangular matrix of order 3.
2 
4 3 1

Reason (R) : If A = [aij] mx 1, then A is column matrix.
 k ; i  j
11. Assertion (A) : Scalar matrix A  [aij ]   , where ks is a scalar, is an identity matrix when k = 1.
o; i  j
Reason (R) : Every identity matrix is not a scalar matrix.
1 2 
12. Assertion (A) : A 2 x 2 matrix A = [aij],whose elements are given by aij  i  j , is  
2 4
Reason (R) : If A is 4 x 2 matrix, then the elements in A is 8.
DETERMINANTS
13. Assertion (A) : The points A (a, b + c), B (b, c + a) and C (c, a + b) are collinear.
Reason (R) : Area of a triangle with three collinear points is zero.
14. Assertion (A) : If every element of a third order determinant of value  is multiplied by 5, then the value of
the new determinant is 125.
Reason (R) : If k is a scalar and A is an n x n matrix, then |kA| = k n|A|.
1 3   2
15.

Assertion (A) : if the matrix A 2 4 8  is singular, then   6.

 3 5 10 
Reason (R) : If A is a singular matrix, then |A| = 0
16. Let A be a 2 x 2 matrix
Assertion (A) : adj (adj A) = A.
Reason (R) : |adj A| = |A|.
17. Assertion (A) : Minor of an element of a determinant or order n(n  2) is a determinant of order n.
1 1
Reason (R) : If A is an invertible matrix of order 2, then det ( A ) is equal to
| A|
 2 2   3 2 
18. Assertion (A) : If A =   , then A1   
4 3  4 3 
2 5
  
  1 5  13 13
Reason (R) : If A =   , then A1   
 3 2  3  1
13 13 
19. Assertion (A) : The system of equations 2 x  y  2; 3x  4 y  3 has unique solution and
5 12
x   and y  .
11 11
Reason (R) : the system of equations AX = B has a unique solution, if |A|  0
20. Assertion (A) : The system of equations 3x  y  z  1, 2 x  2 z  0, 5 x  y  2 z  2 does not have unique
solution.
Reason (R) : A system of linear equation is said to be consistent if its solution exist.

CONTINUITY AND DIFFERENTIABILITY

21. Assertion (A) : The functions f ( x) | x  6 | (cos x) is differentiable in R – {6}.
Reason (R) : If a function f is continuous at a point C, then it is also differentiable at that point.
22. Assertion (A) : A function f ( x)  3 x is continuous at all x except at x = 0.
Reason (R) : The function f ( x)  [ x] is continuous at x  299, where [ ] is the greatest integer function.
 2 1
 x sin if x  0
23. Assertion (A) : A function f ( x)   x discontinuous at x  0
 0, if x  0
sin x  cos x, if x  0
Reason (R) : The function f ( x)   is continuous for all values of x.
 1, if x  0
 2 x, if x  0

24. Assertion (A) : The function f ( x)  0, if  x  1 is continuous everywhere except at x  1
 4 x, if x  1

Reason (R) : Polynomial and constant function are always continuous.
25. Assertion (A) : A continuous function is always differentiable.
Reason (R) : A differentiable function is always continuous.
26. Assertion (A) : | sin x | is continuous at x  0.
Reason (R) : |sin x| is differentiable at x = 0
27. Assertion (A) : f ( x)  [ x] is not differentiable at x  2
Reason (R) : f ( x)  [ x] is not continuous at x  2
1
28. Assertion (A) : If f ( x)  log x, then f ''( x)   2
x
2
d y
Reason (R) : If y  x log x, then  x(5  6 log x)
2

dx 2
1 d2y 8( x 4  1)
Assertion (A) : If y  4 sin ( x ), then 
2
29.
dx 2 ( x 4  1) 1  x 4
Reason (R) : The second-order derivative is nothing but the derivative of the first derivative of the given
functions.
APPLICATION OF DERIVATIVES
The total revenue received from the sale of x units of a product is given by R( x)  3x  36 x  5 in rupees.
2
30.
Assertion (A) : The marginal revenue when x  5 is 66.
Reason (R) : Marginal revenue is the rate of change of total revenue with respect to the number of items
sold at an Instance.
31. The radius r of a right circular cylinder is increasing at the rate of 5 cm/min and its height h is decreasing
At the rate of 4 cm/min.
Assertion (A) : When r  8cm and h = 6 cm, the rate of change of volume of the cylinder is 224  cm / min
3

1
Reason (R) : The volume of a cylinder is V   r 2 h.
3
Assertion (A) : For the curve y  5 x  2 x , if x increase at the rate of 2units/sec, then at x = 3 the slope of
3
32.
curve is decreasing at 36 units/sec.
dy
Reason (R) : The slope of the curve is
dx
Assertion (A) : The function f ( x)  x  4 x  6 is strictly increasing in the internal (2,  ).
2
33.
Reason (R) : The function, f ( x)  x  4 x  6 is strictly decreasing in the interval (, 2)
2

Consider the function f ( x)  sin x  cos x

4 4
35.
 
Assertion (A) : f ( x) is increasing in  0, 
 4
  
Reason (R) : f ( x) is decreasing in  , 
4 2
 x 
36. Assertion (A) : If manufacturer can sell x items at a price of Rs. 5   each, Then cost price of x items
 100 
x 
is Rs.   500  . Then, the number of items he should sell to earn maximum profit is 240 items.
5 
24 x2
Reason (R) : The profit for selling x items is given by   300
5 100
The function f be given by f ( x)  2 x  6 x  6 x  5.
3 2
37.
Assertion (A) : x = 1 is not a point of local maxima.
Reason (R) : x  1 is not a point of local minima.
Assertion (A) : The absolute maximum value of the function 2 x  24 x in the interval [1, 3] is 89.
3
38.
Reason (R) : The absolute maximum value of the function can be obtained from the value of the function at
Critical points and at boundary points.
INTEGRALS
x3
 x dx  C
2
38. Assertion (A) :
3
Reason (R) :  e dx  e
x3 /3
x2
C
 x (1  log x)dx  x x  C
x
39. Assertion (A) :
d x
Reason (R) : ( x )  x x (1  log x)
dx
dx 1  x 1 
40. Assertion (A) :  2  tan 1  C
x  2x  3 2  2 
dx 1 x
Reason (R) :  2  2 tan 1    C
x a 2
a a
Assertion (R) :  e [sin x  cos x ]dx  e f ( x )  C
x x
41.

 e [ f ( x)  f'(x)]dx  e f(x)  C
x x
Reason (R) :
 /2
cos x 
42. Assertion (A) :  sin x  cos x dx  4
0
 /2 sin x 
Reason (R) :  0 sin x  cos x
dx 
4
3

 (x  5)dx  30
3
43. Assertion (A) :
3

Reason (R) : f ( x)  x  5 is an odd function.

3

d  dt 
2
x
2x
44. Assertion (A) :  2  4
dx  0 t  4  x  4
dx 1 x
Reason (R) : x 2
a 2
 tan 1    C
a a
1

 (x  sin x  2)dx  0
3
45. Assertion (A) :
1

 a

 2 f ( x)dx, if f ( x) is an even fucntion

a
Reason (R) :  f ( x)dx   0
a 0, If f(x) is an odd function i.e., f(x)   f(x)

46. Assertion (A) : The area of the region bounded by
3
the curve y = x2 and the line y  4 is sq. units.
32
Reason (R) : diagram

47. Assertion (A) : diagram

 y dx   f ( x) dx.
b b
Reason (R) : The area of region PQML
a a

48. Assertion (A) : diagram

Reason (R) : It may happen that some portion of the
curve is above x-axis and some portion is
below x-axis as shown in the figure. Let A1
be the area below x-axis and A2 be the area
above the x-axis. Therefore, area bounded by
the curve y  f ( x)
 DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS
dy
49. Assertion (A) : The order of the differential equation given by  4 y  sin x is 1.
dx
Reason (R) : The order of a differential equation is defined as the order of the highest
derivatives occurring in the differential equation, i.e., for nth derivative
dny
if n  1 . then it’s order = 1.
dnx
dy x4  y 4
50. Assertion (A) : The degree of the differential equation given by  2 is 1.
dx ( x  y 2 ) xy
Reason (R) : The degree of a differential equation in the degree of the highest order derivative when
differential coefficients are free from radicals and fraction.
dy 3 x 2 y 2 2 y e2 y e3 x x3
51. Assertion (A) : Solution of the differential equation e  x e is   C
dx 2 3 3
Reason (R) : The variable separation method is used to solve the given differential equation.
dy
 e3 x2 y  x 2e2 y
dx
dy y y  y
52. Assertion (A) : The solution of differential equation,   tan is cos    xc.
dx x x x
1
Reason (R) :  x dx  log x  C
VECTOR ALGEBRA
53. Assertion (A) : The position of a particle in a rectangular coordinate system is (3, 2, 5) . Then its position
vector be 2i  5 j  3k
Reason (R) : The displacement vector of the particle that moves from point P(2, 3, 5) to point Q(3, 4, 5) to
point i j
2 4 5
54. Assertion (A) : The direction cosines of vector A  2i  4 j  5k are , ,
45 45 45
Reason (R) : A vector having zero magnitude and arbitrary direction is called ‘zero vector’ or ‘null vector’.
THREE DIMENSIONAL GEOMETRY
55. Assertion (A) : The distance of point P(a, b, c) from x-axis is b2  c2
Reason (R) : Dis tan ce formula  ( x2  x1 )2  ( y2  y1 ) 2  ( z2  z1 ) 2
56. Assertion (A) : The vector equation of a line passing through the points A(1,1, 2) and B(2, 4,5) is
r  (i  j  2k )   (i  j  k )
Reason (R) : The vector equation of a line passing through two points A and B with position vector a and b
is given by r  a   (b  a).

57. Assertion (A) : The angle between the lines with direction ratios proportional to 4, -3, 5 and 3, 4, 5 is
3
| a1a2  b1b2  c1c2 |
Reason (R) : The angle between the lines is given by cos  
a  b12  c12 a22  b22  c22
2
1

2 1 2
58. Assertion (A) : If a line direction ratios <2, -1, 2> then its direction cosines are , ,
3 3 3
Reason (R) : the lines which are neither intersecting nor parallel, are called skew lines.
LINEAR PROGRAMMING
59. Assertion (A) : For an objective function Z  15x  20 y, corner points are (0, 0), (10, 0) (0, 15) and (5, 5)
Then optimal values are 300 and 0 respectively.
Reason (R) : The maximum or minimum value of an objective function is known as optimal value of LPP.
These values are obtained at corner points
60. Assertion (A) : Consider the Linear Programming problem. Maximise z  4 x  y Subject to
constraints x  y  50, x  y  100, and x, y  0
Reason (R) : If the shaded region is not bounded then maximum value cannot be determined.
61. Assertion (A) : Maximum value of Z = 3x + 2y, subject to the constraints
x  2 y  2; x  0; y  0 will be
Obtained at point (2, 0)
Reason (R) : In a bounded feasible region, it always exist a
maximum and minimum value.

62. Assertion (A) : Objective function Z  13x  15 y is minimised, [diagram]

subject to the constraints
x  y  7, 2 x  3 y  6  0, x  0, y  0
The minimum value of Z is – 21
Reason (R) : Optimal value of an objective function is obtained by comparing value of objective
function at all corner points.

PROBABILITY
1 1
63. Assertion (A) : Let A and B be two events such that P(A) = , while P( A or B)  . Let P(B) = P,
5 2
3
Then for P  , A and B independent.
8
Reason (R) : For independent events P(A b  P(A) P(B)
P( AUB)  P( A)  P( B)  P( A  B)
 P(A)  P(B)  P(A) P(B)
5 1
64. Assertion (A): If A and B are two mutually exclusive events with P( A)  and P( B)  .
6 3
1
Then P( A / B) is equal to
4
Reason (R) : If A and B are two events such that P(A) = 0.2, P(B) + 0.6 and P(A|B) = 0.2 then the value of
P( A | B)  is 0.2