CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 8: END-OF-YEAR TEST ANSWERS

Biology
Answers
1 a label H to elbow, knee, or any of the finger or toe joints [1]
b label B to shoulder or hip joint [1]
c antagonistic [1]
2 a carbohydrates and fats [1]
b protein [1]
c vitamin C – making strong skin / keeping blood vessels healthy
OR
vitamin D – helping body to absorb calcium / strong teeth / strong bones [1]
3 a carbon dioxide [1]
b To check that the results are consistent/that the maggots and wood lice in each pair of test
tubes produce similar results. [1]
c volume of limewater / mass of animals / temperature inside the test tubes [1]

d
Animals Tube Time taken for limewater to go cloudy in minutes

maggots A 6.0

B 6.5

woodlice C 8.5

D 9.0

minutes written in heading [1]

results entries all correct [1]
d The rate of respiration of maggots is greater than that of woodlice. [1]
4 habitats; bioaccumulation; end/top/highest level [3]

[Marks for this section: 15]

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 8 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 1
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 8: END-OF-YEAR TEST ANSWERS

Chemistry
Answers
5 a
Chemicals Start End Temperature Endothermic
used temperature temperature change in °C or
in °C in °C exothermic?

sodium 18 15 −3 endothermic [1]

hydrogen-
carbonate and
citric acid

hydrochloric 18 22 +4 exothermic [1]

acid and
magnesium

water and 18 13 −5 endothermic [1]

potassium
nitrate

b 1 mark for products, 1 mark for reactants (equation must be on one line)
magnesium + hydrochloric acid  magnesium chloride + hydrogen [2]

6
Metal Reaction with cold Reaction with dilute
water hydrochloric acid

potassium very vigorous reaction; violent reaction to form [1]

the hydrogen given off hydrogen
catches fire

calcium bubbles and gives off violent reaction [1]

hydrogen

magnesium no reaction bubbles of hydrogen [1]

given off

gold no reaction no reaction [1]

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 8 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 2
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 8: END-OF-YEAR TEST ANSWERS

7 a Any one from:

• the one marked 22 carat is of greater purity than the one marked 18 carat
• neither ring is made of pure gold OR they both have other metals mixed with the gold [1]
b The clean water coming from the tap is not pure water in chemical terms
because it has other things mixed in it such as mineral salts. [1]
8 a magnesium + oxygen  magnesium oxide [1]
b sodium + water  sodium hydroxide + hydrogen [1]
c zinc + sulfuric acid  zinc sulfate + hydrogen [1]
d magnesium + nitric acid  magnesium nitrate + hydrogen [1]

[Marks for this section: 15]

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 8 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 3
 CAMBRIDGE LOWER SECONDARY SCIENCE 8: END-OF-YEAR TEST ANSWERS

Physics
Answers
9 a D is balanced with B [1]
A is balanced with C [1]
b (force) D must become bigger than (force) B OR (force) B must become smaller than (force) D [1]
6
10 a [1]
2
= 3 (km/h) [1]
[2 marks for correct answer with no working]
b line drawn from origin to point (2, 6); line can be curved because constant speed is not stated [1]
11 one weight either side of the pivot [1]
2 N weight must be twice as far from the pivot as the 4 N weight [1]
12 more (air) particles collide with the inside (wall) of the balloon [1]
collisions occur more frequently OR (total) force on inside wall is greater
(not the force from individual collisions is greater) [1]
13 a stars, planets, dust and gas [1]
b The observation made by Hubble supports Einstein’s hypothesis. [1]
The information about galaxy M90 contradicts Hubble’s prediction. [1]
14 a change the number of cells OR add more cells [1]
b ensure that the wire or the coil does not get hot OR switch off if overheating occurs [1]

[Marks for this section: 15]

[TOTAL: 45]

Cambridge Lower Secondary Science 8 – Mary Jones, Diane Fellowes-Freeman and Michael Smyth © Cambridge University Press 2021 4