Computational

mathematics

Computational mathematics involves mathematical research in mathematics as well as in areas

of science where computation plays a central and essential role, and emphasizes algorithms,
numerical methods, and symbolic computations.[1]

A black and white rendition of the Yale Babylonian Collection's Tablet YBC 7289 (c. 1800–1600 BCE), showing a
Babylonian approximation to the square root of 2 (1 24 51 10 w: sexagesimal) in the context of Pythagoras' Theorem for
an isosceles triangle. The tablet also gives an example where one side of the square is 30, and the resulting diagonal is 42
25 35 or 42.4263888.
Computational applied mathematics consists roughly of using mathematics for allowing and
improving computer computation in applied mathematics. Computational mathematics may
also refer to the use of computers for mathematics itself. This includes the use of computers for
mathematical computations (computer algebra), the study of what can (and cannot) be
computerized in mathematics (effective methods), which computations may be done with
present technology (complexity theory), and which proofs can be done on computers (proof
assistants).

Areas of computational mathematics …

Computational mathematics emerged as a distinct part of applied mathematics by the early

1950s. Currently, computational mathematics can refer to or include:

Computational science, also known as scientific computation or computational engineering

Solving mathematical problems by computer simulation as opposed to analytic methods of

applied mathematics

Numerical methods used in scientific computation, for example numerical linear algebra and
numerical solution of partial differential equations

Stochastic methods,[2] such as Monte Carlo methods and other representations of uncertainty
in scientific computation

The mathematics of scientific computation,[3][4] in particular numerical analysis, the theory of

numerical methods

Computational complexity

Computer algebra and computer algebra systems

Computer-assisted research in various areas of mathematics, such as logic (automated

theorem proving), discrete mathematics, combinatorics, number theory, and computational
algebraic topology

Cryptography and computer security, which involve, in particular, research on primality testing,
factorization, elliptic curves, and mathematics of blockchain

Computational linguistics, the use of mathematical and computer techniques in natural

languages

Computational algebraic geometry

Computational group theory

Computational geometry

Computational number theory

Computational topology

Computational statistics

Algorithmic information theory

Algorithmic game theory

Mathematical economics, the use of mathematics in economics, finance and, to certain

extents, of accounting.

References

1. National Science Foundation, Division of Mathematical Science, Program description PD 06-888

Computational Mathematics (https://www.nsf.gov/funding/pgm_summ.jsp?pims_id=5390) , 2006.
Retrieved April 2007.

2. "NSF Seeks Proposals on Stochastic Systems" (https://web.archive.org/web/20120205070148/http://ww

w.siam.org/news/general.php?id=121) . SIAM News. August 19, 2005. Archived from the original (htt
p://www.siam.org/news/general.php?id=121) on February 5, 2012. Retrieved February 2, 2015.

3. Future Directions in Computational Mathematics, Algorithms, and Scientific Software, Report of panel
chaired by R. Rheinbold, 1985. Distributed by SIAM (http://www.siam.org/about/science/publications.p
hp) .

4. Mathematics of Computation, Journal overview (https://www.ams.org/mcom/aboutmcom.html) .

Retrieved April 2007.

Further reading

Cucker, F. (2003). Foundations of Computational Mathematics: Special Volume. Handbook of

Numerical Analysis. North-Holland Publishing. ISBN 978-0-444-51247-5.

Harris, J. W.; Stocker, H. (1998). Handbook of Mathematics and Computational Science (https://
archive.org/details/handbookofmathem00harr) . Springer-Verlag. ISBN 978-0-387-94746-4.

Hartmann, A.K. (2009). Practical Guide to Computer Simulations (https://web.archive.org/web/

20090211113048/http://worldscibooks.com/physics/6988.html) . World Scientific.
 ISBN 978-981-283-415-7. Archived from the original (http://www.worldscibooks.com/physics/
6988.html) on February 11, 2009. Retrieved May 3, 2012.

Nonweiler, T. R. (1986). Computational Mathematics: An Introduction to Numerical

Approximation. John Wiley and Sons. ISBN 978-0-470-20260-9.

Gentle, J. E. (2007). Foundations of Computational Science. Springer-Verlag. ISBN 978-0-387-

00450-1.

White, R. E. (2003). Computational Mathematics: Models, Methods, and Analysis with MATLAB.
Chapman and Hall. ISBN 978-1584883647.

Yang, X. S. (2008). Introduction to Computational Mathematics. World Scientific. ISBN 978-

9812818171.

Strang, G. (2007). Computational Science and Engineering. Wiley. ISBN 978-0961408817.

External links

Foundations of Computational Mathematics (http://focm-society.org/) , a non-profit

organization

International Journal of Computer Discovered Mathematics (http://www.journal-1.eu/index.ht

m)

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