SAP_MM

Types of SAP Projects

1)SAP Implementation Project: It is a set of best practices and workflows for
designing, tuning, and constructing an SAP landscape. It is also called [Green Field
Implementation]

SAP Greenfield is the implementation of SAP S/4 HANA without taking over existing
system structures. The system is completely new. This involves risks - but above all
opens up opportunities. There are several ways to switch to SAP S/4HANA.

2)SAP Support Project: In this, the team handles the issues and queries of users,
using an already implemented SAP system.

3)SAP Roll-out Project: It means repurposing the existing

implementation business process and cycle at a new site.

4)SAP Upgradation Project: It is being done with the goal of upgrading the present
system to the most recent SAP release.

5)SAP Expansion Project: It refers to expanding the existing systems to new

locations, companies, and departments.

6) Conversion Project – turn your existing SAP ECC system into an SAP S/4HANA
system

7) Rollout Project : A roll out in simple terms is nothing but a reuse of the existing
implementation process in the new location and change the settings according to the
location of the implementation. In rollouts the you do not need to do everything from
the scratch

Enterprise Structure
An enterprise structure defines various levels in an organization. These levels are
placed according to some hierarchy. Each level has some specific functionality
associated with it, which in a combined way describes the working of an organization. In
addition, an enterprise structure defines various organizational units that are present in
an enterprise. The organizational structure in MM consists of the following
organizational levels −

 Client
 Company Code
 Plant
 Storage Location
 Purchasing Organization
 Purchasing Group
Client
A client has the following attributes −
 Client is a commercial organizational unit in R/3 system.
 It has its own set of master data with independent table sets.
 According to hierarchy, a client occupies the highest level in a SAP system.
 Data that is maintained at the client level is valid for all organizational levels.

Company Code
A company code has the following attributes −
 Within client, a company code is an independent accounting unit.
 It is a legal entity that has its own profit, loss and balance statement.
 It is the smallest unit in an organization for which a complete independent
account set can be replicated.

Plant
The basic points to be noted about a plant are as follows −
 Plant is an organizational unit within a company where activities take place. A
plant will produce goods and make goods available for the company.
 It is a unit having manufacturing facility, warehouse distribution center, or a
regional sales office within logistic. It subdivides an enterprise in different
aspects.
Storage Location
A storage location has the following attributes −
 Storage location is an organizational unit, which actually differentiates between
different material stocks in a plant.
 Storage location is a place where stock is kept physically.
 A plant can consist of multiple storage locations. All data is stored at storage
location level for a particular storage location.

Purchasing Organization
The points to be noted about a Purchasing Organization are as follows −
 A purchasing organization is an organizational unit under a company or a plant
that is responsible for the procurement activities according to requirements.
It is responsible for external procurement. Responsible for purchase material.
 A purchasing organization can be at the client level, which is known as a
centralized purchasing organization.
 A purchasing organization can also be at the company or plant level, which is
known as company-specific or plant-specific purchasing organization.
 A purchasing organization can work as Client Level , Company Code Level ,
Plant level
Different forms of purchasing can be described as follows −

Centralized Purchasing
Purchasing organization is not assigned to any company code. It procures for all
company codes belonging to different client.
Note : if the purchase organization is under Client level then purchase
organization purchase the material for all company code & Plant under the client.
Means he can purchase material for all organization structure .

Company Specific Purchasing

Purchasing organization is assigned to a company code only. The plant belonging to the
company code can purchase through this purchasing organization.

Plant Specific Purchasing

Purchasing organization is assigned to a plant. Only this specific plant can purchase
through this purchasing organization. If the purchase organization is under plant level is
called de- Centralized.
Purchasing Group
The attributes of a purchasing group are as follows −
 Purchasing group is an organizational unit responsible for the everyday
procurement activities within an organization.
 It is a buyer or a group of buyers responsible for the procurement activities in a
purchasing organization.
 Dividing of purchase organization into certain group called purchasing group.
 purchasing group is not a part of Enterprise Structure .

समजा परचेस आर्गेनाईजेन मधे २० लोक काम करत असतील तर त्या मधील ५ लोक
फक्त रॉ मटेरिल परचेस करतील , ३ लोक फक्त consumable परचेस करतील , हे ५ , ३
लोकांचा ग्रुप म्हणजे पर्चासिंग ग्रुप

Client in SAP Server

100 development
300 quality
400 productions
Consultant work in development server , whenever he performed any activity
which save by *Transport Request*

Transport Request (TR) or Change Request is nothing, but a container of changes

made in the development system. A Transport Request typically records the type
of change, the purpose of transport, request category, and target system

Enterprise Structure

Under the Enterprise Structure definition means creation and assign

means maintain relationship between already created two different
things.
 Logistics-General and Material Management handle by MM Team.

 Define Company
Path: SPRO > Enterprise Structure > Definition > Financial Accounting > Define
Company

T-Code: OX15

Company: TATA

Company Name: Tata Group Of Company

 Define Company Code

Path: SPRO > Enterprise Structure > Definition > Financial Accounting > Edit,
Copy, Delete, Check Company Code > Edit Company Code Data
T-Code : OX02

Company Code: TCS insert any 4 digit code

Company Name: Tata Consultancy Services insert any name of org.

 Define Plant

Transaction code: – OX10

Path: – SPRO > IMG > Enterprise Structure > Definition > Logistics –
General – Define, copy, delete, check plant.

Plant: – Enter the four digits key that identifies the plant in SAP
Name: – Update the descriptive name of a plant.

 Define Storage Location

 T-Code : OX09
Path: SPRO> SAP Customizing Implementation Guide >
Enterprise Structure Definition > Material Management >
Maintain storage Location

Storage location is created under plant.

 Define Purchase Organization

Path : Enterprise Structure > Definition > Material Management >
Maintain > Maintain Purchasing Organization
 T Code:- OX08

Purchase Organization is the highest level of organizational unit in SAP MM, it

is responsible for procurement of materials and services from an external
vendor or internal plant. The different types of purchasing organizations in
SAP are

 Plant specific or local purchase organization

 Cross plant purchase organization
 Cross company code purchase organization
 Central purchase organization at company code level.
 Reference Purchase organization
 Standard purchase organization

One purchasing organization can be assigned to only one company code, but
one company code can have one or more purchase organizations in
SAP.Cross company code purchase organization can be assigned at plant
level only.

Purch.Organization: – Enter the key that identifies the purchase

organization in SAP.
Purch.Org.Descr: – Update the detailed description of purchase
organization.

Click on New Entry

 Define purchase group
T-Code - OME4
Path : SPRO > Material Management > Purchasing > Purchase Group.

 Assign Company code to Company

Path: SPRO > Enterprise Structure>Definition >Assignment>Financial Accounting >
Assign Company Code To Company >Position >Enter Company Code : TATA

T.Code: – OX16

 Assign Plant to Company Code

T Code : OX18
 SPRO > Enterprise Structure > Assignment > Logistics – General
>Assign Plant to Company Code

 Assign Purchasing Organization to Company Code

TCode: OX01
Path : Enterprise Structure ⇒ Assignment ⇒ Materials Management ⇒
Assign Purchasing Organization to Company Code

 Assign Purchasing Organization to Plant

TCode: OX17
Path : Enterprise Structure ⇒ Assignment ⇒ Materials Management ⇒
Assign Purchasing organization to Plan

 Create Chart of Accounts

Path: SPRO > Financial Accounting > General Ledger Accounting > Master
Data > G/L Accounts > Preparations > Edit Chart of Accounts List

T-Code : OB13

Chart Of Accounts: TACA insert any 4 digit code

Description: Tata Chart of Accounts insert chart of account any name

Language: English

Length: 6 max length is 10

3 types of chart of accounts

 Operational chart of accounts
 Country chart of accounts
 Group chart of accounts
  Define Field Status Variants

Field Status Variant is used to define the fields which are used for input like cost
center, profit center, plant, etc., which are entry fields, and hidden fields. Field
status Variant is a tool which is provided by SAP to assign the same set of properties
to more than one object.

Path : SPRO > Financial Accounting > Financial Accounting Global Settings > Ledgers >
Fields > Define Field Status Variants

T-Code : OBC4

Select the variant 1000 OR 0001

Click on Copy as Button
Change the field status to
Description: FSTV for APPLE Group
Press Enter
Select Copy all Button
The message is Number of 47 Dependent entries copied
Select the variant:
Double click on Field Status Groups
All the groups were copied
Save it

 Assign Company Code to Field Status Variant

Path : SPRO > Financial Accounting > Financial Accounting Global Settings > Ledgers >
Fields
> Assign Company Code to Field Status Variants

T-Code: OBC5

 Maintain Fiscal Year Variant

Path : SPRO > Financial Accounting > Financial Accounting Global Settings > Ledgers
 > Fiscal Year and Posting Periods > Maintain Fiscal Year Variant

T-Code:- OB29

Fiscal Year is accounting financial year

Year Dependent − If the start and the end date of the fiscal year changes
between year, then check this box

Indian Companies follow 12 posting periods (April – March) with 4 Special Periods – V3
US companies follow 12 posting periods (Jan – Dec) with 4 Special periods – K4

 Assign Company Code to Fiscal Year Variant

Path : SPRO > Financial Accounting > Financial Accounting Global Settings > Ledgers >
Fiscal Year and Posting Periods > Assign Company Code to a Fiscal Year Variant

T-Code:- OB37

 Define Variants for Open Posting Periods

Path : SPRO > Financial Accounting > Financial Accounting Global Settings > Ledgers >
Fiscal Year and Posting Periods > Posting Periods > Define Variants for Open Posting
Periods

T-Code:- OBBO
 Assign Variants to Company Code

Path : SPRO > Financial Accounting > Financial Accounting Global Settings > Ledgers >
Fiscal Year and Posting Periods > Posting Periods > Assign Variants to Company Code

T-Code:- OBBP

 Open And Close Posting Period

 When you using HANA and click on Open And Close Posting Period a new
window is open

Through this u directly jump to our Posting Period variant and if you want
to view all then click on Maintain all button .
In this they provided 3 open and close posting period , 3rd posting period
use in “CO” for secondary posting .or internal CO posting purpose only.

Account Assignment

From account to To Account we use ZZZZ means its apply to all accounting
group.
 Define Document Type for Entry View

Path : SPRO > Financial Accounting > Financial Accounting Global Settings > Document
>
Document Types > Define Document Types for Entry View

T-Code:- OBA7

Note we use standard one

 Define Document Number Ranges for Entry View

Path : SPRO > Financial Accounting > Financial Accounting Global Settings > Document
>
Document Number Ranges> Define Document Number Ranges for Entry View

T-code -> FBN1

Note ; Number range control by document type

We create our own Document Number Ranges or we copy from company code .

Click on Copy to Company Code

Fiscal Year : Need no range for which year like we need for 2021

Company Code : from which company u need to copy no range

Target Company Code : copy to our company code.

Click on run
  Define Currency Setting and Leading Ledger Assignment
Path : SPRO > Financial Accounting > Financial Accounting Global Settings
>Ledgers>Ledger
Define Setting for Ledgers And Currency Setting

T-code: SCC4
https://blogs.sap.com/2022/06/17/maintaining-multiple-currencies-for-company-code-in-
sap-s-4hana/

OL is a leading ledger.

Extension ledger is new concept in hana.

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7USJQBs0DXE

Enter Exchange Rate | T Code – OB08

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0-tY4f2hAzA
document currency convert into local currency
local currency convert into group currency.
 Leading Ledger and Non-Leading Ledger in SAP
New GL
The following SAP Training Tutorials guide what is leading Ledger and Non-Leading Ledger in SAP
New GL, its difference, and their importance in ERP SAP R/3 Systems. General Ledgers are used
to record the financial transaction of an organization where the transactions are posted through
Journal entries.
SAP Systems provides two types of Ledgers i.e.
 Leading Ledger
 Non Leading Ledger
Leading Ledger – In the Leading Ledger, all the postings are taken as primarily and default. It
is based on accounting principles that is used for the consolidation of financial statements.
Leader Ledger in SAP system is defined as 0L and company codes are assigned to this ledger by
default.
Non Leading Ledger – This Non leading ledger is used for the purpose of reporting like
International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) and taxation. It is parallel to the leading
ledger and based on the local accounting principles. You can activate non-leading ledger for the
individual company codes that you plan to use.

Example of Leading Ledger and Non leading Ledger

 The Company is located in India and US, where the parent company is located in India.
 In India, organizations are required to submit final statements from 1st April to 31st March.
 In US, Companies should submit financial statements from 1st January to 31st December.
 The main financial reporting is done for the parent company in India is Leading Ledger and
for reporting for the US is Non-Leading Ledger.
Leading and Non-Leading Ledger enables you to maintain financial accounts for more than one
accounting principle as per company requirements. The parent company from India is required to
prepare financial statements as per India GAAP and Company from US is required to Prepare
reports as per USGAAP. In some cases transactions may differ as per accounting standards, so
you post transactions in a particular ledger instead of both ledgers.

 Difference Between GAAP and IFRS GAAP vs IFRS The IFRS or the International Finance
Regulation Standards are defined by the International Accounting Standards Board. The IFRS is
increasingly being adopted by companies across the globe for preparing their financial
statements. On the other hand, the US GAAP has been developed by the
Financial Accounting Standards Board or FASB for listed
 How to confirm our organization Structure
T Code : EC01

Go to Structure > Click on Navigation > Click on our company