Quiz 3

ID: Name:

1. Consider a case in which a value is chosen from the population (𝑁) in a way that each of the N values
1
is equally likely to be chosen (i.e., 𝑃(𝑋𝑖 = 𝑥𝑖 ) = ). The process of drawing from the 𝑁 values is
𝑁

repeated 𝑛 times without replacement. In such a circumstance, show that the random variables
𝑋1 , … 𝑋𝑁 are not independently but identically distributed.
2. Discuss the potential issues that may arise during the sampling process, with a specific example
highlighting the importance of self-selection.
3. Suppose that a lottery ticket costs $1 per play. The game is played by drawing six numbers without
replacement from the numbers 1 to 48. If you guess all six numbers, you win the prize. Now, suppose
that N = the number of tickets sold and P= the size of prize. N and P are related by
N=5+1.2P and P=1+0.4N where N and P are in millions of dollars.
What is the expected value of a ticket in this game? (don’t forget that you might have to share the
prize with other winners)
4. Let the mutually stochastically independent random variables x1 , x2 and x3 be N(0,1), N(2,4) and N(-
1,1), respectively. Compute the probability that exactly two of these three variables are less than zero.
5. Let the random variable X have a distribution that is N(μ, σ). Would the random variable Y = aX + b,
a and b are nonzero constant, have a normal distribution?
6. X is normally distributed with mean 250 and standard deviation 40. What value of X does only the top
15% exceed?
7. The amount of time devoted to studying statistics each week by students who achieve a grade of A in
the course is a normally distributed random variable with a mean of 7.5 hours and a standard deviation
of 2.1 hours.
a) What portion of A student study for more than 10 hours per week?
b) Find the probability that an A student spends between 7 and 9 hours studying.
c) What proportion of A students spend fewer than3 hours studying?
d) What is the amount of time below which only 5% of all A students spend studying?
8. Let 𝑋1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑋2 have the joint p. d. f which is specified as 𝑓(𝑥1 , 𝑥2 ) = 2, 0 < 𝑥1 < 𝑥2 < 1.
a) Find the marginal p.d.f. of 𝑋1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑋2
b) Find the conditional p.d.f. of 𝑋1 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑋2 = 𝑥2
c) Find the conditional mean and variance of 𝑋1 𝑔𝑖𝑣𝑒𝑛 𝑋2 = 𝑥2