Planmeca ProMax 3D USER Manual

EN
Planmeca ProMax
& Planmeca ProMax 3D s / 3D
10007367_37
user's manual
2D imaging
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION ..............................................................................................1
2 SYMBOLS ON PRODUCT LABELS ................................................................2
3 ASSOCIATED DOCUMENTATION .................................................................2
4 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ..................................................................3
5 MAIN PARTS ...................................................................................................6
5.1 General view of system .................................................................................................. 6
5.2 General view of X-ray unit .............................................................................................. 8
5.3 Sensors .......................................................................................................................... 9
5.4 Patient supports ............................................................................................................. 9
5.5 Exposure switch ........................................................................................................... 10
5.6 Emergency stop button ................................................................................................ 11
6 SWITCHING X-RAY UNIT ON .......................................................................11

7 PROGRAMS ...................................................................................................12
7.1 Panoramic programs .................................................................................................... 14
7.2 Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) programs ................................................................... 15
7.3 Sinus programs ............................................................................................................ 18
7.4 Tomography / transtomography programs ................................................................... 19
8 CONTROL PANEL .........................................................................................25

8.1 General about control panel ......................................................................................... 25
8.2 General settings ........................................................................................................... 26
8.3 Selecting panoramic program ...................................................................................... 28
8.4 Selecting temporomandibular joint (TMJ) program ...................................................... 33
8.5 Selecting sinus program .............................................................................................. 35
8.6 Selecting tomography / transtomography program ...................................................... 37
9 INFORMATION DISPLAYS ............................................................................40

9.1 User preference settings (i200) .................................................................................... 41
9.2 Feature program control (i300) .................................................................................... 48
9.3 Special functions (i400) ................................................................................................ 49
10 PATIENT POSITIONING CONTROLS ...........................................................54

11 PREPARATIONS FOR EXPOSURE ..............................................................56
11.1 Attaching and removing sensor ................................................................................... 57
11.2 Preparing patient .......................................................................................................... 58
12 PANORAMIC EXPOSURE .............................................................................59

12.1 Patient positioning ........................................................................................................ 60
12.2 Taking an exposure ..................................................................................................... 63
12.3 Taking an exposure with Autofocus ............................................................................. 64
13 TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT (TMJ) EXPOSURE ..................................66

13.1 Double TMJ exposure (lateral, PA or lateral-PA) ......................................................... 66
13.2 Multi-angle TMJ exposure (PA or lateral) .................................................................... 72
14 SINUS EXPOSURE ........................................................................................77

User’s Manual (2D) Planmeca ProMax & Planmeca ProMax 3D s / 3D 1

TABLE OF CONTENTS
15 TOMOGRAPHIC EXPOSURE ........................................................................81

15.2 Adjusting position of target area .................................................................................. 85
15.3 Patient positioning with impression plate ..................................................................... 87
16 CLEANING .....................................................................................................91
17 SERVICE ........................................................................................................91
18 DISPOSAL .....................................................................................................92
19 HELP MESSAGES .........................................................................................93
20 ERROR MESSAGES .....................................................................................95
21 CONNECTING CABLES ................................................................................96
21.1 Connecting exposure switch cable .............................................................................. 96
21.2 Connecting external control panel cable (optional) ...................................................... 97
21.3 Disconnecting cables ................................................................................................... 97
22 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ....................................................................98

22.1 Technical data .............................................................................................................. 98
22.2 Dimensions ................................................................................................................ 100
22.3 Minimum operational space requirements ................................................................. 101
The manufacturer, assembler and importer are responsible for the safety, reliability
and performance of the unit only if:
- installation, calibration, modification and repairs are carried out by qualified
authorized personnel
- electrical installations are carried out according to the appropriate requirements
such as IEC 60364
- equipment is used according to the operating instructions
Planmeca pursues a policy of continual product development. Although every effort is

made to produce up-to-date product documentation this publication should not be
regarded as an infallible guide to current specifications. We reserve the right to make
changes without prior notice.
COPYRIGHT PLANMECA
Released: 21 October 2011
Publication part number: 10007367 revision 37
2 Planmeca ProMax & Planmeca ProMax 3D s / 3D User’s Manual (2D)

INTRODUCTION
1 INTRODUCTION
The X-ray unit uses panoramic, linear tomographic, cone
beam volumetric tomographic and cephalometric
techniques to produce X-ray images for the examination
of dentomaxillofacial anatomy. The X-ray unit is allowed
to be used only under supervision of a health care
professional.
This manual describes how to take 2D exposures with the
X-ray unit. Please read these instructions thoroughly
before using the X-ray unit.
You need a PC with the Planmeca Romexis imaging
program in order to save, view and modify the images.
The Planmeca Romexis imaging program has a separate
manual that should be used in conjunction with this
manual.
NOTE The optional Planmeca ProMax Cephalostat has a
separate manual.
NOTE The 3D imaging systems have separate manuals.
The X-ray unit fulfills the requirements of Directive 93 / 42

/ EEC (Class IIb).
0537
The X-ray unit fulfills the requirements of standard EN
55011, class A.
CAUTION Federal law restricts this device to sale by or
on the order of a health care professional.
NOTE The software revision is shown briefly on the control
panel when the X-ray unit is switched on. This manual
is valid for software revision 2.3.0.0.r or later. This
software revision is compatible with Romexis
software revision 2.8.0.r or later.
The display values shown in this manual are only

examples and should not be interpreted as recommended
values unless otherwise stated.
The X-ray unit features preset exposure values. However,
the exposure values required to produce good X-ray
images will vary considerably according to the build and
age of the patient. The preset exposure values are
average values and they are only meant to guide the user.
Users are encouraged to develop their own radiographic
techniques based on these values. The kV value can be
reduced from the suggested value to improve image
contrast. The radiation dose can be reduced by
decreasing the suggested mA value.
Make sure that you are fully acquainted with the
appropriate radiation protection measures and these
instructions before using the X-ray unit.

SYMBOLS ON PRODUCT LABELS
2 SYMBOLS ON PRODUCT LABELS

Type B applied part (Standard IEC 60601-1)
Alternating current (Standard IEC 60417)
Attention, consult accompanying documents

(Standard IEC 60601-1)
X-ray source assembly, emitting

(Standard IEC 60417)
Temple supports
Electrostatic sensitive device (Standard IEC 60417)
Separate collection for electrical and electronic equipment

according to Directive 2002 / 96 / EC (WEEE).
3 ASSOCIATED DOCUMENTATION
The X-ray unit is supplied with the following manuals:
- User’s Manual(s) (2D / 3D / Cephalostat)
- Installation Manual
- Technical Manual
These manuals are intended to be used in conjunction

with the documentation for the Planmeca Romexis
imaging software. The imaging software package
contains the following manuals:
- User’s Manual
- Installation Manual

WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS
4 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

CAUTION This X-ray unit may be dangerous to both
patient and operator unless safe exposure
values are used and correct operating
procedures are observed.
CAUTION The patient positioning lights are laser
lights. Do not stare into the laser beam.
CAUTION Do not drop the sensor. Planmeca limited
warranty does not cover damage which is
due to misuse, e.g. dropping the sensor,
neglect, or any cause other than ordinary
application.
Do not use the sensor if the shock indicator
is red - contact your service technician for
help.
Shock indicator If you have any reason to believe that the
in Dimax sensor sensor might be faulty, take a test exposure
before taking a patient exposure.
CAUTION If an exposure is interrupted (e.g. exposure
button is released or emergency stop button
activated), the patient must be guided away
shockwarningD3.eps
from the X-ray unit before the C-arm is

moved.
CAUTION Do not connect items which are not
specified as part of the system.
CAUTION Do not connect a multiple portable socket
outlet (MPSO) or extension cord to the
system.
CAUTION If the X-ray unit shows any signs of oil
leakage, disconnect the unit from mains and
contact your service technician for help.
CAUTION The X-ray unit is not suitable for use in the
presence of a flammable anaesthetic mixture
with air or with oxygen or nitrous oxide.
CAUTION Never use a defective or damaged X-ray
system. Contact your service technician for
help.
NOTE It is very important that the place where the unit is to
be used and the position from which the user is to
operate the unit are correctly shielded. Since radiation
safety requirements vary from country to country and
state to state it is the responsibility of the user to
ensure that all local safety requirements are met.
NOTE FOR 3D s / 3D:
Cone beam imaging should not be used for routine (or
screening) examinations. The imaging examinations
must be justified for each patient to demonstrate that
the benefits outweigh the risks.
NOTE FOR 3D s / 3D:
When it is likely that evaluation of soft tissues will be
required as part of the patient’s radiological
assessment, conventional CT or MR medical imaging
should be used rather than CBVT.

NOTE Before taking an exposure, ask any female patient of

childbearing age whether she might be pregnant. The
X-ray unit is not intended for use on pregnant women.
NOTE FOR CANADIAN USERS (3D s / 3D):
All patients must be provided with a shielded apron for
gonad protection and a thyroid shield. The use of a
thyroid shield is especially important in children. The
shielded apron and thyroid shield should have a lead
equivalence of at least 0.25 mm on both sides (front
and back of the patient).
NOTE If the X-ray unit has been stored at temperatures under
+10°C for more than a few hours, time must be allowed
for the unit to reach room temperature before turning
it on.
NOTE Ensure efficient air conditioning in the X-ray room. It is
recommended to keep the room temperature between
+20°C and +25°C at all times.
NOTE If exposures are taken in rapid succession the X-ray
tube may overheat and a cooling time will flash on the
display. The cooling time indicates the delay before
the next exposure can be taken.
NOTE If the X-ray system is not connected to an
CAUTION Uninterruptible Power Supply (UPS), disconnect the
system from mains during lightning storms.
LBL-X-099
LASER RADIATION -
DO NOT STARE
INTO BEAM
1mW CLASS II
635nm LASER
PRODUCT NOTE FOR US & CANADIAN USERS:
The patient positioning lights are class II laser
products (21 CFR § 1040.10).
CLASS 1 LASER PRODUCT NOTE FOR EUROPEAN USERS:
APPAREIL À LASER DE CLASSE 1 The patient positioning lights are class 1 laser
IEC 60825-1:2007
products (Standard IEC / EN 60825-1: 2007).
NOTE EMC requirements have to be considered, and the

equipment must be installed and put into service
according to the specific EMC information provided in
the accompanying documents.
NOTE Portable and mobile RF communications equipment
can affect the X-ray unit.
NOTE External equipment intended for connection to signal
input, signal output or other connectors, shall comply
with relevant IEC standard (e.g. IEC 60950 for IT
equipment and the IEC 60601 series for medical
electrical equipment). In addition, all such
combinations - systems - shall comply with the
standard IEC 60601-1-1, Safety requirements for
medical electrical systems. Equipment not complying
to IEC 60601 shall be kept outside the patient area
(more than 2m (79 in.) from the X-ray unit).
Any person who connects external equipment to
signal input, signal output or other connectors has
formed a system and is therefore responsible for the
system to comply with the requirements of IEC 60601-
1-1. If in doubt, contact your service technician or local
representative for help.
NOTE Contact your service technician if you notice a
decrease in image quality.
NOTE Contact your service technician if you have taken an
exposure but the image does not appear in the
Romexis imaging program. The last ten images can be
manually imported into Romexis.
NOTE Never place or hang any objects on any part of the X-
ray unit.

NOTE Make sure that neither you nor your patient can get
caught or hooked up on any part of the X-ray unit.
Keep loose items of clothing, hair and jewellery tucked
away safely.
NOTE Do not touch the arm structures when the X-ray unit is
moving.
NOTE Patients are not allowed to hang on the patient
handles.

MAIN PARTS
5 MAIN PARTS
5.1 General view of system
2D - Direct connection
X-ray unit
Pmax_PC_Exp.eps
Exposure Dimax sensor
switch
Romexis
imaging software
Ethernet cable
Network card
2 D - Remote connection
X-ray unit
Dimax sensor
Exposure
switch
Romexis
imaging software
Network card
10/100 Base network

MAIN PARTS
3D connection
X-ray unit
Image Acquisition Work Station

- Romexis Imaging Software
- Romexis Image Database
3D Reconstruction PC
Ethernet
Printer

MAIN PARTS
5.2 General view of X-ray unit
Upper arm
C-arm
Cephalostat (optional)
Tube head
assembly
Patient support
Patient support table
Patient handles
Dimax sensor
(one movable or Patient positioning
two fixed sensors) controls
OR Control panel
3D s / 3D sensor on C-arm
+ SmartPan license
Telescopic column
Stationary column

MAIN PARTS
5.3 Sensors
3Ds_sensor.eps
Dimax_sensor.eps
3D_sensor.eps
Dimax sensor 3D s sensor + SmartPan license
3D sensor + SmartPan license
for conventional 2D imaging for SmartPan images
for SmartPan images
(SmartPan, SmartTMJ SmartSinus)
(SmartPan, SmartTMJ, SmartSinus)
5.4 Patient supports

Bite piece
Bite2.eps
TEMPLE?SUPPORTAI
Lip1.eps
Chin2.eps
Chin1.eps
Temple supports
Chin rest Chin cup
Chin support
Bite1.eps
Adapter

MAIN PARTS
5.5 Exposure switch
The exposure switch can be mounted on the wall, or it can

be hung from the hook provided on the stationary column
top if a protected area is within reach.
Exposure button with

indicator light On the exposure button and on the control panel a green
GREEN = READY indicator light will come on when the unit is correctly set
up and ready to take an exposure. Additionally, the word
Exposure READY will stop flashing on the control panel display.
indicator light
An amber indicator light will come on on the exposure
AMBER = EXPOSURE switch and on the control panel when you take an
exposure. It indicates that the unit is generating radiation.
You will also hear a radiation warning signal.
_wall6_2.eps
CONTROL PANEL LIGHTS:
Exposure
indicator light
(AMBER)
Ready
indicator light
(GREEN)
When you take an exposure you must press and hold

down the exposure button for the whole duration of the
exposure.
If you remove your finger from the exposure button before
the exposure cycle is completed radiation will be
interrupted, the C-arm will stop moving and a help
PXR_Dsw._2eps
message will appear on the control panel display. Guide

the patient away from the X-ray unit. Then clear the help
message by touching OK.

SWITCHING X-RAY UNIT ON
5.6 Emergency stop button
The emergency stop button is located on the top of the

stationary column. Press the button to stop the X-ray unit
operating in an emergency. When the emergency stop
button is pressed down, all movements of the X-ray unit
are blocked and the unit will not generate radiation. The
up / down movement will stop within a distance of 10 mm
(0.4 in.).
A help message will appear on the control panel display.
Guide the patient away from the X-ray unit. Then release
the emergency stop button. The X-ray unit will
automatically restart.
Emergency stop button
6 SWITCHING X-RAY UNIT ON

Stationary column top
The on / off switch is located on the underside of the

stationary column top. When you switch the X-ray unit on
the main display will be shown on the control panel and
the X-ray unit will carry out a self-test which will last a few
seconds.
The X-ray unit is then ready for use.

on_off_2.eps
On / off switch
NOTE To prolong the lifetime of the X-ray unit, always switch

the unit off when it is not in active use.

PROGRAMS
7 PROGRAMS
The X-ray unit uses robotic SCARA (Selectively
Compliant Articulated Robot Arm) technology for arm
movements. SCARA 3 units have three joints and allow
limitless imaging possibilities. SCARA 2 units have two
joints and offer a more limited selection of exposure
programs.
The basic program package is included as standard and
the other program packages are available as options. The
available options depend on the unit’s SCARA type.
NOTE The optional Planmeca ProMax Cephalostat has a
separate manual.
NOTE The 3D imaging systems have separate manuals.
Program package Contents Sensor

2D imaging system
Basic panoramic Standard panoramic Dimax, 3D s or 3D
programs (standard) Lateral double TMJ
PA double TMJ
PA rotational sinus
Advanced panoramic Horizontal segmenting Dimax, 3D s or 3D
programs (optional for Orthogonal panoramic
SCARA 3 units)
Interproximal panoramic
Bitewing panoramic
Lateral-PA double TMJ
3 angles PA TMJ
3 angles lateral TMJ
PA non-rotational sinus
Lateral non-rotational sinus
Midsagittal non-rotational sinus
Other panoramic Vertical segmenting Dimax, 3D s or 3D
programs (optional)
Tomography (optional Digital tomography Dimax
for SCARA 3 units) Digital transtomography
Cephalostat Digital Ceph Dimax
(optional)
Dynamic Exposure Panoramic DEC Dimax
Control (DEC) (optional) Cephalometric DEC

PROGRAMS
3D imaging system
3D programs (optional 3D Standard 3D s or 3D
for SCARA 3 units / 3D Large View 2 horizontal
separately as 3D system)
3D Large View 3 horizontal
3D Large View 2 vertical
3D Horizontal Pair
3D programs + ProFace 3D Standard (+ Face Scan) 3D s ProFace or
(optional for SCARA 3 3D Large View 2 horizontal 3D ProFace
units / separately as 3D (+ Face Scan)
system)
3D Large View 3 horizontal
(+ Face Scan)
3D Horizontal Pair (+ Face Scan)
Face Scan

PROGRAMS
7.1 Panoramic programs
Standard panoramic program

The standard panoramic program has a traditional path
and angles of the beam.
layer laser beam

1 cm
Orthogonal panoramic program

The basic imaging geometry is the same as in the
standard panoramic program but the X-ray beam is
perpendicular to the jaw.
layer laser beam

1 cm
NOTE This program is optimized for orthogonal imaging and

a shadow of the opposite side teeth may therefore be
visible in the radiograph.
Interproximal panoramic program

The basic imaging geometry is the same as in the
standard panoramic program but the X-ray beam is
parallel to the interproximal contacts of the teeth.
layer laser beam

1 cm
NOTE This program is optimized for interproximal imaging
and a shadow of the opposite side teeth may therefore
be visible in the radiograph.

PROGRAMS
Bitewing panoramic program

This program produces bitewing images from premolar
and molar areas including parts of maxilla, mandible and
rami. The bottom of the maxillary sinus as well as the
mandibular canal and the mental foramen are also visible.
The bitewing program uses interproximal angulation
projection geometry.
In the bitewing program radiation dose is reduced
compared to the standard panoramic program.
layer laser beam

1 cm
NOTE This program is optimized for interproximal imaging

and a shadow of the opposite side teeth may therefore
be visible in the radiograph.
7.2 Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) programs
Double lateral
Lateral TMJ exposures of open and closed temporo-
mandibular joints.
SCARA 3 units
The imaging position and angle can be adjusted in
SCARA 3 units. The default imaging angle is 17°.
1 cm
1/2 2/2 2/2 1/2

PROGRAMS
SCARA 2 units
The geometry is different in SCARA 2 units.
1 cm
Double PA
SCARA 3 units
Postero-anterior TMJ exposures of open and closed
temporomandibular joints.
The imaging position and angle can be adjusted in
SCARA 3 units. The default imaging angle is 17°.
PA exposures are taken perpendicular to the long axis of
the condyle (90° - 17° = 73°). The condyle angle is shown
as default angle.
1 cm
1/2 2/2 2/2 1/2
SCARA 2 units
The geometry is different in SCARA 2 units.
1 cm

PROGRAMS
Double lat-PA
Lateral and postero-anterior TMJ exposures of open or
closed temporomandibular joints. The imaging angles
(lateral and PA) are adjustable (default angle: 17°).
as default angle.
1 cm
1/2 2/2 2/2 1/2
3 angles PA (L / R)
Three postero-anterior multi-angle left-hand or right-hand
side TMJ exposures.
The imaging angle for image no. 2 is adjustable (three
imaging angles: 17° ±7° by default). The selected imaging
3
2
1
angle is in image no. 2.
as default angle.
1 cm
3/3 2/3 1/3
3 angles lat (L / R)
Three lateral multi-angle left-hand or right-hand side TMJ
exposures.
12 3
The imaging angle for image no. 2 is adjustable (three
imaging angles: 17° ±7° by default). The selected imaging
angle is in image no. 2.
1 cm
3/3 2/3 1/3

PROGRAMS
7.3 Sinus programs
PA rotational
Postero-anterior rotational sinus exposure.
X-ray
PA non-rotational
Postero-anterior non-rotational sinus exposure.
“Non-rotational” indicates that the C-arm moves linearly
X-ray and scans over the head with a linearly moving X-ray
beam.
1 cm
Lateral non-rotational (L / R)
Lateral non-rotational exposure of the left or right sinus

area.
X-ray (L)
1 cm

PROGRAMS
Midsagittal non-rotational (L / R)
Lateral non-rotational sinus exposure in the middle of the
jaw. Exposure can be taken from the left or right jaw side.
X-ray (L)
1 cm
7.4 Tomography / transtomography programs
There are two methods available: digital tomography and

digital transtomography.
Digital tomography uses a one sweep method. A narrow

radiation beam makes one sweeping movement and the
rotation center moves simultaneously along the image
layer. The layer thickness cannot be adjusted.
Digital transtomography uses a multiple sweep method.

The radiation beam makes a pendular movement along
the image layer. The layer thickness can be adjusted.
Digital Digital
tomography transtomography
Digital tomography Digital transtomography

Layer thickness (mm) Not adjustable 1, 3, 6, 9, 18, 36
Layer separation Less clear Clearer
Exposure time / frame (s) 3 24
Patient dose Lower Higher (~2x)
NOTE Vertical artefacts caused by high contrast objects may

be visible in transtomography when a layer thickness
of 1mm is used. Select a thicker layer to avoid this.

PROGRAMS
Tomography / transtomography programs produce

exposures of any part of the maxillofacial region. The
exposures can be cross-sectional, longitudinal or
combined as shown in the following tables.
Cross-sectional tomography / transtomography programs

4x CRS Manual
Manual, 1-4 cross-sectional images. The user can make manual 4xCRS_Manual.eps
adjustments between exposures.
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
4x CRS Autoposition
Automatic, 4 cross-sectional images.
The exposure position is automatically moved between exposures.
4xCRS_AutoPos.eps
The movement (distance from middle to middle) is adjustable, and
it can be 1, 3, 6, 9 or 12mm.
1 1
2 2
3 3
4 4
4/4 3/4 2/4 1/4
The selected target position is image no. 2.

3x CRS Automatic Angulation
Automatic, 3 cross-sectional images with different angles. Images
can be used as stereopairs.
The C-arm angle is automatically changed between exposures.
The angle of the first exposure is the selected angle +7°
counterclockwise, and the angle of the third exposure is the
selected angle +7° clockwise.
3xCRS_AutoAng .eps
3 1
2 2
1 3
3/3 2/3 1/3

PROGRAMS
4x CRS Anatomic
Automatic, 4 cross-sectional images following the anatomy of the
exposed area. Note that you have to set the target position so that
all four images will fit in the selected jaw side.
The movement is adjustable, and it can be 1, 3, 6, 9 or 12mm.
1
2
3
4
4/4 3/4 2/4 1/4

The program stops if the exposure position moves
over the midsagittal plane.
3x PA Sinus & Nasal (Tomography) SINUS
Automatic, 3 narrow postero-anterior images from the sinus area /
midsagittal plane (nasal cavity). 3 2 1
Left
SINUS
3 2 1
Right
3/3 2/3 1/3
NASAL
The selected target position is image no. 2. 3 2 1
PA Sinus & Nasal (Transtomography) SINUS

1 wide postero-anterior image from the sinus area / midsagittal
1
plane (nasal cavity).
Left
SINUS
Right
NASAL
1

PROGRAMS
Longitudinal tomography / transtomography programs

4x LNG Manual
Manual, 1-4 longitudinal images. The user can make manual
adjustments between exposures. 3xLNG_Manual.eps
1
2
1
2
3
3
4
4
3x LNG Autoposition
Automatic, 3 longitudinal images. The exposure position is
automatically moved between exposures. The movement is
adjustable, and it can be 1, 3, 6, 9 or 12mm.
4xLNG_Auto_pos.eps
1
2
2
3
3
3/3 2/3 1/3

3x LNG Automatic Angulation
Automatic, 3 longitudinal images with different angles. Images can
be used as stereopairs.
The C-arm angle is automatically changed between the exposures. 3xLNG_Auto_angle.eps
The angle of the first exposure is the selected angle +7°

counterclockwise, and the angle of the third exposure is the 3 12
12 3
3/3 2/3 1/3

PROGRAMS
3x Lateral Sinus & Nasal (Tomography)

Automatic, 3 narrow longitudinal images from the sinus area / SINUS
midsagittal plane (nasal cavity). 1
2
3
Left
SINUS
3
2
1
3/3 2/3 1/3 Right
The selected target position is image no. 2. NASAL
3 1
2 2
1 3
Right Left
Lateral Sinus & Nasal (Transtomography)

1 wide longitudinal image from the sinus area / midsagittal plane
(nasal cavity).
SINUS
Left
SINUS
Right
NASAL
1 1
Right Left

PROGRAMS
Combined tomography / transtomography programs

1x CRS, 1x LNG
Automatic, a cross-sectional and a longitudinal image (thicker
layer). 1xCRS_1xLNG.eps
2 2
1 1
2/2 1/2
3x CRS Autoposition, 1x LNG

Automatic, 3 cross-sectional images and a longitudinal image
(thicker layer).
The exposure position is automatically moved between cross- 3xCRS_Auto_pos_1xLNG.eps
sectional exposures. The movement is adjustable, and it can be 1,

3, 6, 9 or 12mm.
4 4
1 1
2 2
3 3
4/4 3/4 2/4 1/4

3x CRS Automatic Angulation, 1x LNG
Automatic, 3 cross-sectional images with different angles and a
longitudinal image (thicker layer).
The C-arm angle is automatically changed between the exposures. 3xCRS_Auto_angle_1xLNG.eps
The angle of the first CRS exposure is the selected angle +7°
counterclockwise, and the angle of the third CRS exposure is the 4
4
3 1
2 2
3
1
4/4 3/4 2/4 1/4

CONTROL PANEL
8 CONTROL PANEL
8.1 General about control panel
NOTE Never allow patients to touch the display when they

are positioned in the X-ray unit. Touching the display
during exposure will stop the imaging process.
NOTE The contents of the control panel displays depend on
the configuration of the X-ray unit.
To make a selection on the control panel, simply touch a

text field or an icon with your finger or a soft stylus. You
will hear a signal tone when a field or an icon is activated.
NOTE Do not use sharp objects to operate the control panel.
You can set the X-ray unit so that the current time will be
shown at the bottom of the display. You can choose in
which format (e.g. 14:44) it will be shown. Refer to section
“Date & time (i210)” on page 41 for more information.
You can set the X-ray unit so that the actual radiation
dose will be shown in a pop-up window after each
exposure. The value shown on the display indicates the
highest radiation dose the patient was exposed to during
the exposure. Refer to section “Behavioural preferences
(i230)” on page 43 for more information. Note that you will
have to accept the pop-up message by touching OK.
If you are using a Dimax sensor you can set the X-ray unit
Time so that a preview of the X-ray image will be shown on the
control panel after each 2D exposure. Refer to section
“Visual adjustments (i250)” on page 45 for more
information.
The display will automatically switch to stand-by mode if
you do not touch the display or the exposure button for
more than thirty minutes. In stand-by mode the green
ready lights on the exposure button and control panel
indicate that the X-ray unit is switched on even though the
display is dark. The display will switch on as soon as you
touch it again.
NOTE The control panel display can be adjusted to respond
to your individual finger touch. Refer to section
“Visual adjustments (i250)” on page 45 for more
information.
NOTE You can switch practice mode on if you wish to
practice or demonstrate the functions of the X-ray unit
without radiation. Refer to section “Special operation
mode (i410)” on page 50 for more information.
NOTE The exposure time indicated on the display before an
exposure is taken is an estimated value. The real value
is shown after the exposure. Variation in exposure
time is caused by mA automation.

CONTROL PANEL
8.2 General settings
8.2.1 Selecting patient size

Select the patient size by touching the corresponding size
symbol in the Patient size field on the main display.
Select the smallest patient size symbol for a child.
Selecting the smallest patient size symbol will
automatically reduce the exposure area and patient dose.
The jaw shape & size setting will automatically change to
Normal & Narrow.
NOTE If the unit is equipped with a fixed primary collimator,
only the width of the exposed area will be reduced.
Select the second patient size symbol for an adolescent.
Select the third patient size symbol for a small adult.
Select the fourth patient size symbol for an average-sized
adult. Selecting any of the patient sizes in the middle will
From left to right: Child automatically change the jaw shape and size setting to
Adolescent Normal & Average.
Small adult
Average-sized adult
Select the biggest patient size symbol for a large adult.
Large adult Selecting the biggest patient size will automatically
change the jaw shape and size setting to Normal & Wide.
The selected patient size will be highlighted.
NOTE The exposure values (kV and mA) will automatically
change to correspond with the selected patient size
and exposure program.
NOTE Jaw shape and size selection is not available in sinus
programs.
8.2.2 Selecting kilovolt and milliampere values

NOTE The exposure values will automatically change to
correspond with the selected patient size and
exposure program.
The preset exposure values are average values and they

are only meant to guide the user.
To change the preset exposure values, touch the kV / mA
field on the main display.

CONTROL PANEL
The Select kV / mA display appears. Select the required

exposure values by touching the kV and mA values. The
selected values will be highlighted.
Confirm your selection and return to the main display by
touching OK.
The preset exposure values for the selected exposure

program are shown in the quick buttons at the bottom of
the display.
Quick buttons
NOTE Selecting kV and mA values manually will override the
automatic quick button setting.
8.2.3 Changing exposure values for quick buttons

The quick button exposure values have been preset at the
factory. If needed, the preset values can be changed by
the user.
To change the preset values of a quick button, first select
the required kV and mA values by touching the
corresponding fields on the parameter display and then
touch and hold the desired quick button at the bottom of
the display until you hear a signal tone. The quick button
will now show the new exposure values.
The quick button values are program-specific, i.e. the
exposure values can be set separately for each program.
NOTE To view the preset exposure values for each program

type, refer to the tables in chapters 12 “PANORAMIC
EXPOSURE” on page 59, 13 “TEMPOROMANDIBULAR
JOINT (TMJ) EXPOSURE” on page 66 and 14 “SINUS
EXPOSURE” on page 77.
Confirm your selection and return to the main display by
touching OK.
8.2.4 Selecting patient entry position

SCARA 3 units offer two patient entry positions: Entry 1
and Entry 2. You can use either of them according to your
individual preference.
Selecting Go Entry 1 will move the C-arm to the back,
away from the patient positioning area. This full view
position allows you to monitor and adjust the patient’s
position freely from all directions.
Selecting Go Entry 2 will position the C-arm around the
temple supports. This is the traditional closed patient
entry position.
NOTE If needed, the Go Entry 1 function can be disabled as

described in section “Behavioural preferences (i230)”
on page 43. This might be necessary if there is no
space for the C-arm to move back.

CONTROL PANEL
NOTE SCARA 2 units offer only one patient entry position

(Go Entry 2). This entry position is the classic closed
patient entry position where the C-arm is positioned
around the temple supports.
8.3 Selecting panoramic program
To select a panoramic program, touch the Prog. field on

the main display. The main display is the display that is
shown when the X-ray unit is switched on.
Planmeca ProMax with Dimax sensor: Planmeca ProMax 3D s / 3D + SmartPan:
The Select program type display appears. Select program

type Pan.
NOTE The Select program type display will show all the
exposure programs that the X-ray unit features at the
moment. The X-ray unit can be upgraded with new
exposure programs, contact your dealer for further
information.
On the next display, select the panoramic program you

wish to use.
Refer to section 7.1 “Panoramic programs” on page 14 for

a more detailed description of the program types.
When you have selected the program the main display

will be shown again.

CONTROL PANEL
8.3.1 Selecting jaw shape & size in panoramic programs

This function adjusts the form of the image layer to
accommodate patients with different jaw shapes and
sizes.
NOTE The setting in the jaw field will automatically change to
correspond with the selected patient size.
Selecting the smallest patient size will automatically
change the jaw shape and size setting to Normal &
Narrow.
Selecting any of the three patient sizes in the middle will
automatically change the jaw shape and size setting to
Normal & Average.
Selecting the biggest patient size will automatically
change the jaw shape and size setting to Normal & Wide.
If necessary, you can select the jaw shape and size

manually by touching the Jaw field or jaw icon on the main
display.
The Select jaw shape & size display appears. The

marking on the jaw icon demonstrates the image layer.
Select the required jaw shape and size by tapping the
corresponding icon. The selected jaw icon will be
highlighted.
NOTE Selecting jaw shape and size manually will override
the automatic setting.
Jaw size:
Narrow
Average
Wide
Jaw shape: V-shaped Normal Square
Confirm the selection and return to the main display by

touching OK.

CONTROL PANEL
8.3.2 Selecting segmentation in panoramic programs

NOTE Horizontal segmenting is not available for the bitewing
program.
This optional function allows you to take exposures of

different jaw segments. This will reduce the radiation dose
as only diagnostically interesting sections need to be
included in the exposure.
Touch the Segment field or segment icon on the main
display.
The Select segmentation display appears. The display

shows an icon which is divided into three horizontal
sectors and / or five vertical sectors (depending on the
Deselected
sectors - unit configuration). The segment numbers on the main
no exposure display (1 2 3 4 5) refer to the five vertical sectors.
Touch the corresponding arrow field(s) to deselect the
sector(s) that should not be exposed. The sectors which
will not be exposed will turn dark red. The sectors which
Sectors will be exposed remain white.
to be exposed
No exposure NOTE It is not possible to expose two separate horizontal

Exposure sectors.
Touching the arrow of a deselected sector again will

change the sector’s color back to white.
touching OK.
NOTE The image shown on the display is only an example.

The actual size of the exposed area depends on the
patient’s anatomy.
8.3.3 Dynamic Exposure Control (DEC) in panoramic programs

NOTE Dynamic Exposure Control (DEC) is an optional
feature for X-ray units with Dimax sensor. DEC has to
be activated on information display i310 before you
can start using it.
NOTE DEC and vertical segmenting can be used
simultaneously. However, the right-most vertical
sector (segment 5) cannot be deselected.
NOTE DEC and horizontal segmenting cannot be used
simultaneously.
NOTE If Autofocus is switched on (AF ON), DEC will be
automatically switched off for the first exposure (scout
image).

CONTROL PANEL
Touch the DEC field on top of the main display to switch

Dynamic Exposure Control (DEC) on or off for the
exposure you are going to take.
Dynamic Exposure Control (DEC) automatically provides

optimal exposure values for each patient during exposure.
This function adjusts the exposure values individually for
each patient based on their anatomic structure and bone
density. Switching DEC on improves the image quality as
the function produces images of more consistent
brightness and contrast.
When DEC is switched on the exposure values will be

automatically adjusted during exposure. The kV value will
be adjusted by max ±4 kV and the mA value will be
adjusted by max +4 / -3 mA within the available scale.
Adjusting DEC density

If the images appear to be too bright or too dark, DEC
density can be adjusted on the DEC Settings display
(i25.1).
To adjust DEC density for panoramic exposures touch
either of the Panoramic density arrow fields. DEC density
is expressed in percentage in comparison to DEC
calibration value. The setting can be adjusted between
20% (lower exposure values -> brighter image) and 200%
(higher exposure values -> darker image). The
recommended setting is 100% (default setting).

CONTROL PANEL
8.3.4 Autofocus (AF) in panoramic programs

NOTE Autofocus is an optional feature for SCARA 3 units
with Dimax sensor. It is available for standard,
interproximal and orthogonal panoramic programs.
NOTE Autofocus has to be activated on information display
i310 before you can start using it.
NOTE The layer light is disabled when Autofocus is switched
on.
NOTE If Autofocus is switched on (AF ON), DEC will be
automatically switched off for the first exposure (scout
image).
Touch the Autofocus field on the main display to switch

Autofocus on (AF ON) or off (AF OFF) for the exposure
you are going to take.
Autofocus adjusts the layer position automatically. The

function positions the image layer individually for each
patient based on the position and angle of the apices of
the upper central incisors.
The exposure will be taken in two stages and the C-arm

will move twice.

CONTROL PANEL
8.4 Selecting temporomandibular joint (TMJ) program
To select a temporomandibular joint (TMJ) program,

touch the Prog. field on the main display. The main
display is the display that is shown when the X-ray unit is
switched on.

type TMJ.
information.
On the next display, select the TMJ program you wish to

use. If the program is not shown on the display, you can
use the down arrow to scroll through the list.
Refer to section 7.2 “Temporomandibular joint (TMJ)

programs” on page 15 for a more detailed description of
the program types.


CONTROL PANEL
8.4.1 Selecting jaw size and adjusting imaging position & angle in TMJ programs
This function adjusts the image layer (focal through) to
accommodate patients with different jaw sizes.
NOTE The setting in the jaw field will automatically change to
correspond with the selected patient size.
Selecting the smallest patient size will automatically
change the jaw size setting to Narrow.
Selecting any of the three patient sizes in the middle will
automatically change the jaw size setting to Average.
Selecting the biggest patient size will automatically
change the jaw size setting to Wide.
If necessary, you can select the jaw size manually by

touching the Jaw field or jaw icon on the main display.
The Select jaw size, adjust position and angle display

appears. The marking on the jaw icon demonstrates the
image layer. Select the required jaw size by tapping the
corresponding icon. The selected jaw icon will be
highlighted.
NOTE Selecting the jaw size manually will override the
automatic setting.
The imaging position and angle can be adjusted on

SCARA 3 units. To do this, touch the corresponding
arrows on either side of the display. The imaging position
or angle on the other jaw side will change accordingly if
the setting in the top right field is set to Symmetric.
If the patient’s right and left side are asymmetric you will
need to set the imaging position and angle separately on
the other jaw side. To do this, touch the field for
symmetric / asymmetric setting to select the asymmetric
setting and adjust the other jaw side as required.
Symmetric / asymmetric The default imaging angle is 17 degrees.
exposure
NOTE The default imaging angle (lat and PA) can be changed
by the user. Refer to section “Default program settings
(i270)” on page 47.
touching OK.

CONTROL PANEL
8.4.2 Selecting jaw side in double TMJ programs

NOTE The function is available in SCARA 3 units only.
This function enables you to select on which side the
exposure(s) will be taken.
On the main display, touch the Segment icon.
The Select side display appears. Touch the arrow field to

deselect the jaw side that should not be exposed. This
side will turn dark red. The jaw side which will be exposed
remains white.
Touching the arrow of a deselected side again will change

the color back to white.
touching OK.
8.5 Selecting sinus program
To select a sinus program, touch the Prog. field on the

main display. The main display is the display that is

CONTROL PANEL

type Sinus.
information.
On the next display, select the sinus program you wish to

use.
Refer to section 7.3 “Sinus programs” on page 18 for a

more detailed description of the program types.


CONTROL PANEL
8.6 Selecting tomography / transtomography program
NOTE Tomography / transtomography are optional programs

for SCARA 3 units with Dimax sensor.
In tomography / transtomography programs tomographic
images are taken from the maxilla, mandible or
temporomandibular joints. These images can be cross-
sectional, longitudinal or combined, and their angle can
be adjusted.
There are two methods available: digital tomography and

digital transtomography. See section 7.4 “Tomography /
transtomography programs” on page 19 for a more
detailed description of the program types.
To select a tomographic program first touch the Prog. field

on the main display. The main display is the display that is

type Tomo or Transtomo by touching the corresponding
field.
information.
On the next displays, select the program you wish to use.
Refer to section 7.4 “Tomography / transtomography

programs” on page 19 for a more detailed description of
the program types.

CONTROL PANEL
8.6.1 Selecting target area in tomography / transtomography programs

When you have selected the program the Select target
area display will be shown.
On the Select target area display, specify the image area
by selecting the upper or lower jaw, right or left side, jaw
size, distance between exposures, standard or full size
exposure, and the tooth number (or TMJ). The selected
target position will be marked on the icon.
Layer thickness
adjustable in
transtomography
programs
Distance between
exposures adjustable
in automatic programs
(tomography and transtomography)
Jaw
Select the lower or upper jaw by touching the Jaw field.
Side
Select the right or left side of the jaw by touching the Side
field.
NOTE The side selection can also be made by simply
touching the jaw icon on that side.
Jaw size
Select the jaw size by touching the Jaw size field. The
Select jaw shape & size display will appear. Select the
correct jaw size (narrow, average or wide) by tapping on
the corresponding icon. Touch OK to confirm the
selection.
Layer
In transtomography programs the layer thickness can be
set to 1, 3, 6, 9, 18 or 36 mm. The list is cyclical.
In tomography programs the layer thickness is always 6
mm and the Layer field is not shown on the control panel.
Distance
Select the distance between exposures in automatic
programs by touching the Distance field. The distance can
be 1, 3, 6, 9 or 12 mm, and the list is cyclical.
In manual programs the Distance field is not shown on the
control panel.
Size
Select a standard (either lower or upper collimation) or full
size (full collimation) exposure by touching the Size field.
If you select Lower or Upper only the selected jaw will be
exposed, and selecting Full will produce a full size
exposure of both jaws.

CONTROL PANEL
Target
Select the tooth number (0-8) or temporomandibular joint
(TMJ) by touching the Target field. The number 0
indicates the space between the central incisors. The list
is cyclical.
NOTE The target selection can also be made by simply
touching the jaw icon on the corresponding location.
NOTE The tooth numbering system can be changed on
display i272. See section “Default program settings
(i270)” on page 47 for details.
When you have set the target position, confirm the

selections by touching the OK field. The main display
appears.
NOTE The position of the target area is based on average jaw

measurements. The position must be adjusted after
the patient has been positioned in the unit, see section
15.2 “Adjusting position of target area” on page 85.

INFORMATION DISPLAYS
9 INFORMATION DISPLAYS
CAUTION Some of the settings can be used to alter the
operation of the X-ray unit. Never use
functions that you are not familiar with.
NOTE The contents of the information displays depend on
the unit configuration. The displays shown here are
from an X-ray unit featuring all currently available
exposure programs.
The control panel has a number of additional functions for

special requirements. Some of the functions (User
preference settings, Feature program control and Special
functions) can be entered by the user, and others (Service
settings, Technical calibrations and Troubleshooting) are
for the use of service personnel only and access to these
settings requires a password. This section describes the
functions that can be entered by the user.
To get to the list of the Information displays, first touch the
i field. The display shown below appears.
You can return to the main display by touching the Exit

field.

9.1 User preference settings (i200)
Touch User preference settings (i200) on Information

Displays. The display shown below appears.
Date & time (i210)

NOTE The time is set to the local time at the factory. Change
the time setting to show the correct time before you
start using the X-ray unit.
To set the time select Set time on the Date & time display
(i210). If you want to change the date, select Set date.
The option Date & time display format allows you to select
the format you wish to use for displaying date and time.

• Set time (i21.1)

Set the correct time with the Hour and Minutes
arrows. Save the new time by touching the Done
field or exit the display without saving changes by
touching the Cancel field.
• Set date (i21.2)

Set the correct date with the Year, Month and Day
arrows. Save the new date by touching the Done
field or exit the display without saving changes by
touching the Cancel field.
• Time & Date display format (i21.3)

You can choose between 12 and 24 hour system
for the time display. The date can be displayed in
following formats: DD.MM.YYYY, MM.DD.YYYY or
YYYY.MM.DD.
Select the time and date format you wish to use.
The selected options will be marked with a blue dot.
Confirm your selections by touching Done or exit
the display without saving changes by touching the
Cancel field.

Audio settings (i220)

Select Audio settings (i220) on the User preference
settings (i200) display to adjust the volume of the
radiation warning signal. On the Adjust sound volume
(i22.1) display, touch the arrows to adjust the volume
between 1 (quiet) and 255 (loud).
Save the new setting by touching the Done field or exit the
display without saving changes by touching the Cancel
field.
Behavioural preferences (i230)

Select Behavioural preferences (i230) on the User
preference settings (i200) display.

• Return C-arm after exposure

Touch the Return C-arm after exposure field to set
the X-ray unit so that the C-arm will automatically
return to the starting position at the end of an
exposure cycle.
Note, however, that the automatic function works
only if the exposure button is pressed and held
down for the entire duration of the exposure.
• Disable Entry 1 position
Select this option if you need to disable the Entry 1
position. This might be necessary if there is no
space for the C-arm to move back.
• Statistics
Touch the Statistics field to set the X-ray unit so
that the radiation dose will be shown in a pop-up
window after each exposure. The program
measures the highest radiation dose the patient is
exposed to during exposure. Note that if the patient
does not cover the whole exposure area (e.g.
cephalometric exposure) the real patient dose is
lower.
Radiation dose is indicated in terms of DAP (Dose
Area Product). The measurement unit for DAP is
milligray per square centimeter (mGy*cm²).
• Enable midsagittal & Frankfort lights in Tomo
Select this option to set the X-ray unit so that also
the midsagittal and Frankfort lights come on in
tomographic and 3D programs when the patient
positioning lights are switched on.
• Disable temple supports
Select this option if you need to disable the temple
supports.
• Use Dimax sensor for panoramic
Select this option if you want to use a 3D s / 3D
sensor for taking 3D images and a Dimax sensor
for taking panoramic (and tomographic and
cephalometric) images.
When the option is not selected (check box empty)
you can take 3D and SmartPan (SmartPan,
SmartTMJ, SmartSinus) images with the same
sensor.
NOTE: This option will be shown only if the X-ray
unit has a 3D s / 3D sensor and a SmartPan
license. The SmartPan license is activated as
described in section “Enable / disable features
(i310)” on page 48.
The selected option(s) will be marked with a green check

mark. To deselect a function, touch the field again. The
green check mark will disappear.
Confirm your selection(s) by touching Done. Touching the
Cancel field will bring you back to the User preference
settings (i200) display.

Visual adjustments (i250)

Select Visual adjustments (i250) on the User preference
• DEC settings (i25.1)

Refer to section 8.3.3 “Dynamic Exposure Control
(DEC) in panoramic programs” on page 30 for
details on panoramic DEC settings.
Refer to the Planmeca ProMax Cephalostat User’s
Manual for details on cephalometric DEC settings.
• Touch panel calibration (i25.4)
Select Touch panel calibration to calibrate the
touch panel. Touch panel calibration adjusts the
panel to respond to the pressure level of your finger
touch.
A black calibration display will appear. Touch the
display to “teach” the panel the pressure of your
individual finger touch and to make it react rapidly
to this pressure level. Note that you have to touch
the display within five seconds as the calibration
procedure will be cancelled once this time limit has
expired.
• Preview settings (i25.5)
Select the option Show preview after exposure to
set the X-ray unit so that a preview of the X-ray
image will be shown on the control panel after each
2D exposure. Touching the preview image will
zoom you in for a closer view. Return to the original
size by touching Overview. Accept the preview
image by touching OK.
NOTE: This setting applies only to 2D exposures
with Dimax sensor.

• 3D display settings (i25.6)

Select the option Enable CTDI Display for 3D
program to set the X-ray unit so that the estimated
milligray (mGy) value will be shown at the top of the
display for the exposure you are going to take.
Select the option Enable 3D Preview to set the X-

ray unit so that two preview images will be shown
on the computer screen. This will allow you to
quickly check the position of the target area before
you take the actual image.
The selected option(s) will be marked with a green check

mark. To deselect a function, touch the field again. The
green check mark will disappear.
Confirm your selection(s) by touching Done. Touching the
Cancel field will bring you back to the Visual adjustments
(i250) display.
Select language (i260)

To change the language of the control panel displays, first
select the option Select language (i260) on the User
preference settings (i200) display. The Select language
(i260) display will appear.
You can use the arrows at the bottom of the display to
scroll up and down the list. Select the language of your
choice. The selected language will be marked with a blue
dot.
Confirm your selection by touching Done. Touching the
Cancel field will bring you back to the User preference

Default program settings (i270)

On this display you can change default settings for TMJ
exposures and specify the tooth numbering system used
for tomographic exposures.
NOTE The settings can be changed in SCARA 3 units only.
• TMJ (i27.1)
Touch the TMJ field to change the TMJ default
angle. Adjust the angle (lat or PA) with the left and
right arrows.
In double TMJ exposures the target position can be
automatically moved forwards for the second
exposure (open view projection). Use the bottom
arrows to select the movement step (e.g. 10
millimetres).
Confirm your selection by touching Done and
restart the X-ray unit to save the new default
settings for TMJ exposures.
• Tomo (i27.2)
Select the tooth numbering system you wish to use
on the Tomo / Select target area display.
The available options are:
- Planmeca: 0 - 9 (left / right)
- ADA: TMJ-Right, 1 - 8, 32 - 25, 0, 9 - 16, 17 - 24,
TMJ-Left
- ISO-FDI: TMJ-Right, 18 - 11, 48 - 41, 0, 21 - 28,
31 - 38, TMJ-Left
The selected option will be marked with a dot.
Touch Done to confirm your selection.

9.2 Feature program control (i300)
Enable / disable features (i310)

Select the option Feature program control (i300) on
Information displays. On this display new features can be
added to the X-ray unit.
To add new features, first select the option Enable /
disable features (i310). A list of features will appear.
On the Enable / disable features display, touch the feature

you wish to activate. Enabled features will be marked with
a green check mark. Confirm the selection by touching
Done.
By touching the down arrow at the bottom of the display
more features will appear. On the next displays, touch the
up arrow to return to the previous display.

You will need a license code to add a new feature to the

X-ray unit. The license code can be a specific code for the
selected feature on this X-ray unit or a general code.
Touch the feature field (e.g. Vertical segmenting) to
switch this feature on. A number display will appear. Enter
the license code to enable the selected feature.
NOTE FOR SPECIFIC LICENSE CODES:

Each license code is unit and module specific, i.e. it
can only be used on the specified X-ray unit and for the
specified program feature.
To disable the selected feature repeat the procedure.
NOTE After enabling / disabling a new feature the X-ray unit

must be restarted.
9.3 Special functions (i400)
Touch Special functions (i400) on Information Displays. A

list of special functions will appear.

Special operation mode (i410)

Select Special operation mode (i410) on the Special
functions (i400) display. The display shown below
appears.
• Disable radiation
This option allows you to switch the exposure
function on or off.
When the exposure function is switched off no
radiation is generated when you press the
exposure button. The C-arm will move normally but
no radiation will be generated and no radiation
warning signals will be given, i.e. this is a “dummy
run” function for training and demonstration
purposes. For example, you might want to
demonstrate the C-arm movements before taking
exposures of children or nervous patients.
The exposure function is switched on when the

check box in the Disable radiation field is empty.
The exposure function is switched off when the
Disable radiation field is selected (check mark
shown).
• Disable need for PC communication

This option allows you to demonstrate or practice
the functions of the X-ray unit without PC
communication. Note, however, that if the Romexis
imaging program is in the “Waiting for Ready”
status the communication to the PC cannot be
disabled. Close the Romexis program before
disabling the communication.
NOTE Radiation or PC communication cannot be activated if

demo licenses are switched on (i510).

Error history (i420)

Select Error history (i420) on the Special functions
display. The display shown below appears.
The Error history display lists the last 100 software related
errors that have occurred. Additionally, the list shows
another 40 tube head related errors. Use the arrows on
the side to scroll up and down the list.
Select the error you wish to check. The selected error is
shown in more detail at the bottom of the display (error
code and number of times the error has occurred, date
and time, software version of the X-ray unit, more detailed
description).
Error code and

number of times
the error has
occurred
Software version
More detailed
description

Exposure statistics (i430)

Select Exposure statistics (i430) on the Special functions
(i400) display. The display shown below appears.
The Exposure statistics display contains various statistical

data about the X-ray unit, e.g. date and time of the last
exposure, total number of exposures and total exposure
time.
Test exposure (i460)

Select Test exposure (i460) on the Special functions
(i400) display. The display shown below appears.
This option allows you to take a test exposure. The Test

exposure (i460) display shows the exposure values which
are in use on the main display.
Touch the arrows to select the exposure values (kV, mA
and time) you wish to use. Then touch the Test field. The
word Ready will appear at the bottom of the display and
you can now press the exposure button to take a test
exposure. Note that the C-arm will not move when you
take a test exposure.

NOTE If the X-ray unit has not been used for a week or more
and you receive error message E332 (Arcing across X-
ray tube), take four test exposures with a one-minute
interval between exposures. Use the lowest possible
kV and mA values and a long exposure time. If the
error message reappears, contact your service
technician for help.
Beam Check (i470)

Refer to the Technical Manual for more information on
beam check.
Network settings (i480)

Refer to the Technical Manual for more information on
network settings.

PATIENT POSITIONING CONTROLS
10 PATIENT POSITIONING CONTROLS

Open / close temple supports (2D exposure)
Rotate C-arm clockwise Rotate C-arm counterclockwise

(Tomographic exposure) (Tomographic exposure)
Move X-ray unit down Move X-ray unit up
Positioning joystick (Tomographic & 3D exposure)
NOTE Never allow patients to press the positioning controls

when they are positioned in the unit.
NOTE Touching any of the positioning controls (button or
joystick) will switch the patient positioning lights on.
X-ray unit up / down
The X-ray unit up and down buttons are used to adjust the
X-ray unit to suit the height of the patient.
The X-ray unit moves slowly at first, then faster.
NOTE If for some reason either of the buttons gets stuck
during operation, you can stop the up / down
Down Up movement by pressing any of the other control
buttons or the positioning joystick. This is a safety
measure that guarantees that the up / down movement
can be stopped in an emergency.
NOTE Be careful that the X-ray unit does not hit the ceiling
when you press the up button. The maximum height
can be adjusted to suit offices with low ceiling, contact
your service technician for help.
NOTE Make sure that there is no object under the telescopic
column when you press the down button. If something
is in danger of becoming trapped, release the button
emergency_stop.eps
immediately to stop the movement.

NOTE The column movement stops automatically if the
emergency stop plate at the bottom is pressed
upwards. Clear any obstruction before moving the
Stop plate column again.
NOTE When positioning wheelchair patients always first
move the X-ray unit down before you position the
patient in the unit.
Open / close temple supports
Press the temple support button to open the temple
supports in 2D exposures. The temple supports can be
closed by pressing the temple support button again.

PATIENT POSITIONING CONTROLS
C-arm rotation buttons

The angle of the C-arm is adjusted by pressing the C-arm
rotation buttons. The buttons can only be used when
taking tomographic exposures.
Pressing the button on the left will rotate the C-arm
clockwise, and pressing the button on the right will rotate
the C-arm counterclockwise.
Positioning joystick
The positioning joystick is used to adjust the position of
the target area in tomographic or 3D exposures. The
joystick can be moved in any direction.

PREPARATIONS FOR EXPOSURE
11 PREPARATIONS FOR EXPOSURE

NOTE Make sure that the correct sensor is attached to the C-
arm (Dimax or 3D s / 3D sensor).
NOTE If a movable Dimax sensor is attached to the
cephalostat (optional), the sensor must be moved to
the C-arm if you wish to use it for taking panoramic
exposures.
3Ds_sensor.eps
Dimax_sensor.eps
3D_sensor.eps
Dimax sensor 3D s sensor + SmartPan license
3D sensor + SmartPan license
for conventional 2D imaging for SmartPan images
for SmartPan images
NOTE If the X-ray unit has a 3D s / 3D sensor + SmartPan

license and a Dimax sensor, you can
- use a 3D sensor to take 3D and SmartPan (SmartPan,
SmartTMJ, SmartSinus) exposures OR
- use a 3D sensor to take 3D exposures and a Dimax
sensor to take panoramic exposures. This option has
to be selected on information display i230
(Behavioural preferences -> Use Dimax sensor for
panoramic).

11.1 Attaching and removing sensor
CAUTION Do not drop the sensor. Planmeca limited

warranty does not cover damage which is
due to misuse, e.g. dropping the sensor,
neglect, or any cause other than ordinary
application.
Do not use the sensor if the shock indicator
is red - contact your service technician for
help.
Shock If you have any reason to believe that the
indicator sensor might be faulty, take a test exposure
Dimax before taking a patient exposure.
sensor
Attaching sensor to C-arm
Push the sensor onto the connector on the C-arm.

3D s / 3D or
Dimax sensor
Locking knob Turn the locking knob over the fastening mechanism. This
will secure the sensor in position.
cbct_s5.eps
Push in the C-arm electrical connector button on the other

side. This will make the electrical connection between the
sensor and C-arm.
C-arm electrical
connector button

Detaching sensor from C-arm

NOTE The indicator light is lit when the sensor is in use.
Removing the sensor when the indicator light is lit
might harm the sensor or cause image data loss.
Push in the C-arm electrical connector. This will

Indicator light disconnect the electrical connection between the sensor
and C-arm.
C-arm
electrical
connector
3D s / 3D or
Dimax sensor
Locking
knob The locking knob can now be turned 180 degrees. This
will release the locking mechanism.
Carefully pull the sensor out.
11.2 Preparing patient
Ask the patient to remove any spectacles, hearing aids,

dentures, hairpins, and personal jewellery such as
earrings, necklaces and piercings as these can produce
shadows or reflections in the image. The patient should
also remove any loose items of clothing (e.g. scarf, tie)
that might get caught in the arms of the X-ray unit.
NOTE High contrast objects, such as gold teeth or amalgam,
may cause artefacts in the image.
Place a protective lead apron over the patient’s back if

required.

PANORAMIC EXPOSURE
12 PANORAMIC EXPOSURE
Insert the chin rest and a bite piece into the adapter.
Insert the adapter into the holes in the patient support
table.
Bite piece
Bite2.eps
Chin rest
Chin2.eps
Adapter
Bite1.eps
For edentulous patients or for patients who are unable to

Chin cup use the bite piece you can use the chin cup or the chin
support.
NOTE We recommend that you use the chin support when
taking bitewing exposures.
Chin1.eps
Select the panoramic program you wish to use (see

section 8.3 “Selecting panoramic program” on page 28.)
Chin Select the patient size as described in section 8.2.1
support “Selecting patient size” on page 26.
The exposure values will automatically change to

Lip1.eps
correspond with the selected exposure program and

patient size. The preset exposure values are shown in the
following table. The preset exposure values are average
values and they are only meant to guide the user. If
necessary, you can change the preset values as
described in section 8.2.2 “Selecting kilovolt and
milliampere values” on page 26.
NOTE The preset exposure values are optimized for taking
exposures at enhanced resolution (Romexis setting).
You can use lower exposure values when taking
exposures at normal resolution.
NOTE Always try to minimize the radiation dose to the
patient.
The setting in the jaw field will automatically change to

correspond with the selected patient size. You can select
the jaw shape and size manually as described in section
8.3.1 “Selecting jaw shape & size in panoramic programs”
on page 29.
You can take a segment exposure by selecting only
certain vertical or horizontal segments of the jaw, refer to
section 8.3.2 “Selecting segmentation in panoramic
programs” on page 30.

PANORAMIC EXPOSURE
Panoramic exposure values
PATIENT kV VALUE mA VALUE
Child 62 5
Adolescent 64 7
Small adult 66 9
Average-sized adult 68 13
Large adult 70 14
Move the C-arm to the patient entry position if it is not

already there. Refer to section 8.2.4 “Selecting patient
entry position” on page 27 for differences between the two
positions.
Prepare the patient for the exposure as described in

section 11.2 “Preparing patient” on page 58.
12.1 Patient positioning

Temple supports if they are not already open.
support
button
Guide the patient to the unit so that they are facing the
chin rest.
To adjust the height of the unit, press either of the height

adjusting buttons until the chin rest is on the level of the
Height adjusting
patient’s chin.
buttons
Bite piece
Ask the patient to step forward, grasp the patient handles,

stretch and straighten their back and neck, and bite the
bite piece. The incisal edges of the maxillary and
mandibular teeth must be in the groove in the bite piece.

PANORAMIC EXPOSURE
NOTE If you are using the chin support, position the patient
so that the chin, just below the lower lip, touches the
top bar.
NOTE If you are using the chin cup or chin support, use for
example a cotton roll to ensure that the patient’s upper
and lower incisors do not overlap.
Patient position with
chin support
The following positioning lights will come on:
Frankfort plane light

Midsagittal
plane light
Layer light
Dimax_mids_2A.eps
Note that the positioning lights will automatically switch off

after two minutes. If the lights go out before you have
positioned the patient, switch them on by touching the
Thumb wheel thumb wheel on the underside of the patient support table
patposlights3.eps
or by pressing any of the positioning controls (button or

joystick).
Positioning
controls

PANORAMIC EXPOSURE
Position the patient’s head so that the midsagittal plane

coincides with the midsagittal plane light beam.
Midsagittal
plane light
Position the patient’s head so that the Frankfort plane

coincides with the Frankfort plane light beam. Adjust the
tilt of the patient’s head by raising or lowering the unit with
the height adjusting buttons. The patient’s back and neck
should be straight.
The Frankfort plane is a plane which joins the infra-orbital

point to the superior border of the external auditory
meatus.
Frankfort
plane
light
The Frankfort plane light, which is located on the side of
Thumb the column, can be moved up or down. This is done by
wheel rotating the thumb wheel below the light slot.
Apices of upper
central incisors
Second
Position the apices of the patient’s upper central incisors
incisor Canine within the image layer of the unit.
Layer light

PANORAMIC EXPOSURE
To do this, rotate the thumb wheel located on the

underside of the patient support table to move the layer
light until it falls between the second incisor and the
canine. For an average patient, this procedure will place
Layer light the apices of the upper central incisors within the image
layer.
Thumb
patposlights3.eps
wheel
NOTE The layer light is disabled when Autofocus is switched

on (AF ON).
Check that the Frankfort plane light and the midsagittal

plane light are still correctly positioned. Reposition them if
necessary.
NOTE Make sure that you have selected the right patient and
the panoramic exposure mode in the Romexis imaging
program before you take an exposure. Refer to the
Romexis User’s Manual.
12.2 Taking an exposure
When you are ready to take an exposure touch the Ready

field on the main display. The X-ray unit will move to the
ready position and the temple supports will automatically
close.
On the exposure button and on the control panel a green

indicator light will come on. Additionally, the word READY
will be shown on the control panel display. The Romexis
program will show the Waiting for Ready message on the
computer screen.
The green indicator lights and the word READY will flash
while the unit moves to the ready position. They will stop
flashing when the unit has reached the ready position.
The Romexis program will now show the Waiting for
Exposure message on the computer screen.
Green ready
_wall6_2.eps
indicator light

PANORAMIC EXPOSURE
Ask the patient to close their lips on the bite piece,

swallow, place their tongue flat against the roof of the
mouth, breathe normally, and stand as still as possible.
Amber exposure Move to a protected area.
indicator light
Press and hold down the exposure button for the duration
of the exposure. The C-arm will move through one
exposure cycle. During the exposure cycle the radiation
warning lights on the exposure switch and on the control
panel will come on and you will hear a radiation warning
tone. When the C-arm has completed the exposure cycle
the temple supports will automatically open. You can now
guide the patient from the unit.
Dsw._2eps
NOTE Maintain audio and visual contact with the patient and
unit during exposure. If the C-arm stops moving
during exposure, or moves in an erratic way, release
the exposure button immediately.
When you have taken the exposure the image will be

shown on the computer screen. Note that you must
accept the image in the Romexis imaging program - only
accepted images will be stored in the database. Refer to
the Romexis User’s Manual.
12.3 Taking an exposure with Autofocus
Autofocus adjusts the layer position automatically. The

function positions the image layer individually for each
patient based on the position and angle of the apices of
the upper central incisors.
The exposure will be taken in two stages and the C-arm

will move twice.
Exposure 1
(scout image) Take the first exposure as described in section 12.2
“Taking an exposure” on page 63. The first exposure is a
short, low-dose exposure during which the optimal
position for the image layer will be calculated.
sw._2eps

PANORAMIC EXPOSURE
The following display will appear on the control panel and

computer screen.
Calculated
Position position =
selected white line
by user =
red line
Distance from center Move layer position Back to main display
The calculated layer position will be shown with a white

line on the image.
If necessary, you can adjust the layer position by touching
the plus / minus (+ / -) fields on the control panel display.
Touching the plus field will move the layer forwards and
touching the minus field will move the layer backwards.
The new position will be shown with a red line on the
control panel display. The movement range is from +15
mm to -15 mm. The distance from the center point will be
shown at the bottom of the display (e.g. 2 mm).
NOTE Make sure the patient does not move between

exposures.
Exposure 2 Press and hold down the exposure button again to take
(final image) the second exposure. The second exposure will produce
the actual image and the C-arm will now move through
one complete exposure cycle.
NOTE Alternatively, you can touch the OK field on the Auto
Dsw._2eps
focus layer definition display and then press the

exposure button.
The radiation warning lights on the exposure switch and
on the control panel will come on and you will hear a
radiation warning tone.

NOTE If the imaging process is cancelled from the Romexis

program, Autofocus has to be switched off (AF OFF)
and back on (AF ON) again before the next Autofocus
exposure can be taken.

TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT (TMJ) EXPOSURE
13 TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT (TMJ) EXPOSURE

13.1 Double TMJ exposure (lateral, PA or lateral-PA)
This procedure will produce open and closed views of the

left and right temporomandibular joints.
Chin support
Note that this is a double exposure and the C-arm will

Lip1.eps
move twice around the patient’s head.
Insert the chin support into the adapter. Insert the adapter
Adapter
into the holes in the patient support table.
Bite1.eps
13.1.1 First exposure - jaw closed

Select the double TMJ exposure program you wish to use
(see section 8.4 “Selecting temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
program” on page 33.)
Select the patient size as described in section 8.2.1
“Selecting patient size” on page 26.
Select the image position parameters (target position,
imaging angle, symmetric / asymmetric setting, left / right
side exposure) as described in sections 8.4.1 “Selecting
jaw size and adjusting imaging position & angle in TMJ
programs” on page 34 and 8.4.2 “Selecting jaw side in
double TMJ programs” on page 35.

following tables. The preset exposure values are average
patient.
Exposure values for TMJ programs “Double lateral” and “Double lat-PA”
Child 62 5
Adolescent 64 6
Small adult 66 7
Large adult 70 9

Exposure values for TMJ program “Double PA”
Child 64 5
Adolescent 66 6
Small adult 68 7
Large adult 72 9

positions.

13.1.2 Patient positioning

supports if they are not already open.
Temple
support
button
chin support. Explain to the patient that you will take a
double exposure and that the unit will rotate twice.

adjusting buttons until the opening in the chin support is
Height adjusting
buttons approximately level with the patient’s mouth.

stretch and straighten their back and neck, and press their
lips against the chin support. The patient's nose must rest
on top of the support and their mouth must be closed, and
their teeth must be together.

The positioning lights for the midsagittal plane, Frankfort

Patient support table plane and layer position will come on. Note that they will
automatically switch off after two minutes. If the lights go
out before you have positioned the patient, switch them
on by touching the thumb wheel on the underside of the
patient support table or by pressing any of the positioning
controls (button or joystick).
Thumb wheel
patposlights3.eps
Positioning
controls

Midsagittal
plane light
Frankfort plane
Position the patient’s head so that the Frankfort plane is

tilted down five degrees. To do this support the back of
the patient’s head with your hand and, using the Frankfort
plane light as a reference line, adjust the position of the
patient’s head by raising or lowering the unit with the
height adjusting buttons. Make sure the patient’s back
and neck are straight.
5°


the column, can be moved up or down. This is done by
Frankfort rotating the thumb wheel below the light slot.
plane
light
Thumb
wheel
On SCARA 3 units the imaging position and angle must

be checked when the patient is positioned in the X-ray
unit:
Touch the Jaw field on the main display, or alternatively,
tap the jaw icon on the right side of the display. The Select
jaw size, adjust position and angle display will appear.
Imaging position: Use a ruler to measure the distance
between the layer light and the patient’s temporo-
mandibular joint to determine the exact imaging position.
Adjust the imaging position with the left / right arrows
according to your measurement.
Imaging angle: Take a submento-vertex exposure (axial
projection) to determine the exact imaging angle. Adjust
the imaging angle with the left / right arrows according to
your measurement.
Layer light
Imaging position: Ruler measurement
Imaging angle: Submento-vertex exposure
NOTE The ruler measurement depends on the position of the

layer light. On retakes always use a ruler to measure
the position. Do not rely on numeric position values.


field on the main display. The unit will move to the ready
position and the temple supports will automatically close.

computer screen.
flashing when the unit has reached the ready position for
the selected double TMJ exposure program. The
Green ready Romexis program will now show the Waiting for Exposure
_wall6_2.eps
indicator light message on the computer screen.
Ask the patient to stand as still as possible.
Move to a protected area.

Amber exposure
indicator light
of the exposure. The C-arm will move through one
complete exposure cycle and then automatically return to
the ready position. The temple supports will remain closed
and hold the patient in position for the second exposure.
During the exposure cycle the radiation warning lights on
the exposure switch and on the control panel will come on
and you will hear a radiation warning tone.
Dsw._2eps

13.1.3 Second exposure - jaw open

NOTE For SCARA 3 units:
You can set the X-ray unit so that the target position
will be automatically moved forwards for the open jaw
exposure, refer to section “Default program settings
(i270)” on page 47.
Ask the patient to open their mouth as wide as possible.

Make sure that the patient’s upper lip is still touching the
chin support.
When you are ready to take the second exposure touch
the Ready field on the main display.

program will show the Waiting for Exposure message on
the computer screen.
of the second exposure. During the exposure cycle the
radiation warning lights on the exposure switch and on the
Green ready control panel will come on and you will hear a radiation
_wall6_2.eps
indicator light warning tone. When the C-arm has completed the second
exposure cycle the temple supports will automatically
open. You can now guide the patient from the unit.
Amber exposure
indicator light
w._2eps

1/2 2/2 2/2 1/2

13.2 Multi-angle TMJ exposure (PA or lateral)

This procedure will produce three exposures with different
angles from the left or right temporomandibular joint.
Note that the C-arm will move through three exposure
cycles.
Chin support
Insert the chin support into the adapter. Insert the adapter
Lip1.eps into the holes in the patient support table.
Adapter
Select the multi-angle TMJ program you wish to use (see
section 8.4 “Selecting temporomandibular joint (TMJ)
program” on page 33.)
Bite1.eps
Select the patient size as described in section 8.2.1

“Selecting patient size” on page 26.
Select the image position parameters (target position and
imaging angle) as described in section 8.4.1 “Selecting
jaw size and adjusting imaging position & angle in TMJ

patient.
Exposure values for multi-angle PA TMJ programs
Child 64 5
Adolescent 66 6
Small adult 68 7
Large adult 72 8
Exposure values for multi-angle lateral TMJ programs
Child 62 4
Adolescent 64 5
Small adult 66 6
Large adult 70 8


positions.

13.2.1 Patient positioning
Temple
support
button
chin support. Explain to the patient that you will take a
multi-angle exposure and that the C-arm will move
through three exposure cycles.

adjusting buttons until the opening in the chin support is
Height adjusting approximately level with the patient’s mouth.
buttons

on top of the support and their mouth must be closed, and
their teeth must be together.
Close the temple supports by pressing the temple support

button.
Thumb wheel The positioning lights for the midsagittal plane, Frankfort
patposlights3.eps
plane and layer position will come on. Note that they will
Positioning on by touching the thumb wheel on the underside of the
controls patient support table or by pressing any of the positioning


Midsagittal
plane light
Frankfort plane

tilted down five degrees. To do this support the back of
the patient’s head with your hand and, using the Frankfort
plane light as a reference line, adjust the position of the
height adjusting buttons. Make sure the patient’s back is
straight.
5°
Frankfort The Frankfort plane light, which is located on the side of

plane the column, can be moved up or down. This is done by
light rotating the thumb wheel that is below the light slot.
Thumb
wheel
Frankfort

The imaging position and angle must be checked when

the patient is positioned in the X-ray unit:
Touch the Jaw field on the main display, or alternatively,
tap the jaw icon on the right side of the display. The Select
jaw shape and size display will appear.
Imaging position: Use a ruler to measure the distance
between the layer light and the patient’s temporo-
mandibular joint to determine the exact imaging position.
Adjust the imaging position with the left / right arrows
according to your measurement.
Imaging angle: Take a submento-vertex exposure (axial
projection) to determine the exact imaging angle. Adjust
the imaging angle with the left / right arrows according to
your measurement.
Layer light
Imaging position: Ruler measurement
Imaging angle: Submento-vertex exposure
NOTE The ruler measurement depends on the position of the

layer light. On retakes always use a ruler to measure
the position. Do not rely on numeric position values.

13.2.2 Taking an exposure

close.
On the exposure button and control panel a green

computer screen.
Green ready Exposure message on the computer screen.
_wall6_2.eps
indicator light
Amber exposure Press and hold down the exposure button for the duration
indicator light of the exposure. The C-arm will move through three
exposure cycles. The radiation warning lights on the
exposure switch and on the control panel will come on
and you will hear a radiation warning tone.
When the C-arm has completed the third exposure cycle
w._2eps

3/3 2/3 1/3

SINUS EXPOSURE
14 SINUS EXPOSURE
This procedure will produce an exposure of the maxillary
sinus along the selected plane.
Chin support Insert the chin support into the adapter. Insert the adapter
into the holes in the patient support table.
Lip1.eps
Select the sinus program you wish to use (see section 8.5
“Selecting sinus program” on page 35.) Select the patient
size as described in section 8.2.1 “Selecting patient size”
Adapter
on page 26.
Bite1.eps
Exposure values for sinus program “PA rotational”
Child 72 6
Adolescent 74 7
Small adult 76 8
Large adult 80 10
Exposure values for sinus program “PA non-rotational”
Child 72 5
Adolescent 74 6
Small adult 76 7
Large adult 80 9
Exposure values for sinus programs

“Lateral non-rotational” and “Midsagittal non-rotational”
Child 60 4
Adolescent 62 4
Small adult 64 4
Large adult 68 5

SINUS EXPOSURE

patient.

positions.

Temple
support
button
Guide the patient towards the unit so that they are facing
the chin support.

Height adjusting adjusting buttons until the opening in the chin support is
buttons approximately level with the patient’s mouth.

on top of the support and their mouth must be closed.
The positioning lights for the midsagittal plane, Frankfort

plane and layer position will come on. Note that they will
on by touching the thumb wheel on the underside of the
patient support table or by pressing any of the positioning
Thumb wheel
patposlights3.eps
Positioning
controls

SINUS EXPOSURE

coincides with the midsagittal light beam.
Midsagittal
plane light

tilted up between 0 and 30 degrees depending on the
Frankfort plane light build of the patient. To do this support the back of the
patient’s head with your hand and, using the Frankfort
plane light as a reference line, adjust the tilt of the
height adjusting buttons. The patient’s back and neck
should be straight.
30°
Frankfort plane

Frankfort
the column, can be moved up or down. This is done by
plane
rotating the thumb wheel below the light slot.
light
Thumb
wheel
NOTE If necessary, take a test exposure without radiation to

check that the C-arm will not hit the patient’s head.
Refer to section 9.3 “Special functions (i400)” on page
49 for information on how to switch radiation off.

SINUS EXPOSURE

close.

computer screen.
Exposure message on the computer screen.
Green ready
_wall6_2.eps
indicator light
Ask the patient to swallow and stand as still as possible.
Amber exposure Press and hold down the exposure button for the duration
indicator light of the exposure. The C-arm will move through one
complete exposure cycle. During the exposure cycle the
radiation warning lights on the exposure switch and on the
control panel will come on and you will hear a radiation
warning tone. When the C-arm has completed the
exposure cycle the temple supports will automatically
open. You can now guide the patient from the unit.
w._2eps


TOMOGRAPHIC EXPOSURE
15 TOMOGRAPHIC EXPOSURE
NOTE Tomography / transtomography are optional programs
for SCARA 3 units with Dimax sensor.
This procedure will produce cross-sectional and

longitudinal tomograms from the maxilla, mandible or
temporomandibular joints.
Bite piece
Bite2.eps
Insert the chin rest and a bite piece into the adapter.
Insert the adapter into the holes in the patient support
Chin rest table.
Chin2.eps
Adapter
For edentulous patients or for patients who are unable to

Bite1.eps
use the bite piece you can use an impression plate or a

bite piece with a vacuum formed stent.
Alternatively, you can use an impression plate for patient

positioning. Refer to section 15.3 “Patient positioning with
impression plate” on page 87 for details.
Impression plate
Impression plate Select the program you wish to use (see section 8.6
holder “Selecting tomography / transtomography program” on
page 37.)
Specify the image area as described in section 8.6.1
“Selecting target area in tomography / transtomography
Select the exposure values according to the size of the
patient. Refer to the values given in the following tables.
NOTE The exposure values are optimized for taking
exposures at enhanced resolution (Romexis setting).
You can use lower exposure values when taking
exposures at normal resolution.
patient.
NOTE Refer to the corresponding cross-sectional/
longitudinal exposure values for combined exposure
programs.

Exposure values for cross-sectional tomography programs
4-8 (Premolar/
1-3 (Cuspid) TMJ PA Sinus
PATIENT Molar)
kV mA kV mA kV mA kV mA
Child 62 1.3 66 3.0 64 2.0 66 3.0
Adolescent 64 1.6 68 3.0 66 3.0 68 3.0
Small adult 66 2.0 70 4.0 68 3.0 70 4.0
Average-sized adult 68 3.0 72 4.0 70 4.0 72 4.0
Large adult 70 3.0 74 5.0 72 4.0 74 5.0
Exposure values for longitudinal tomography programs
1-3 (Cuspid, 4-8 (Premolar/

TMJ Lat Sinus
PATIENT Midsagittal plane) Molar)
Child 66 3.0 66 3.0 64 2.0 66 3.0
Adolescent 68 3.0 68 3.0 66 3.0 68 3.0
Small adult 70 4.0 70 4.0 68 3.0 70 4.0
Large adult 74 5.0 74 5.0 72 4.0 74 5.0
Exposure values for cross-sectional transtomography programs
4-8 (Premolar/
1-3 (Cuspid) TMJ PA Sinus
PATIENT Molar)
Child 62 0.6 64 0.6 62 0.5 66 0.6
Adolescent 64 0.8 66 0.8 64 0.6 68 0.8
Small adult 66 1.0 68 1.0 66 0.8 70 1.0
Large adult 70 1.6 72 1.6 70 1.6 74 1.6
Exposure values for longitudinal transtomography programs
1-3 (Cuspid, 4-8 (Premolar/

TMJ Lat Sinus
PATIENT Midsagittal plane) Molar)
Child 66 0.6 64 0.6 64 0.6 64 0.6
Adolescent 68 0.8 66 0.8 66 0.8 66 0.8
Small adult 70 1.0 68 1.0 68 1.0 68 1.0
Large adult 74 1.6 72 1.6 72 1.6 72 1.6

When you have made the necessary selections touch the

Go Tomo field on the main display to move the C-arm to
the selected target position.


Temple supports if they are not already open.
support
button
chin rest.

adjusting buttons until the chin rest is approximately level
with the patient’s lower jaw.
Height adjusting
buttons
Ask the patient to grasp the patient handles, place their

chin on the chin rest and bite the bite piece. The incisal
edges of the maxillary and mandibular teeth must be in
the groove in the bite piece.
Press the temple support button if you wish to close the

temple supports.
While gently supporting the back of the patient’s head

with your hand press either of the height adjusting buttons
to move the unit up or down so that the patient’s head can
be tilted to the angle required for the exposure you wish to
take.

Exposure of temporomandibular joints / sinus area / midsagittal plane
To take longitudinal or cross-sectional exposures of either

of the temporomandibular joints, or longitudinal exposures
of the sinus area or midsagittal plane, position the
Frankfort plane Frankfort plane so that it is horizontal.
Mandible and maxilla exposure (position 1-3, cuspid)

To take longitudinal or cross-sectional exposures of both
mandible and maxilla, position the Frankfort plane so that
it is horizontal or tilted down up to five degrees.
Horizontal
Frankfort plane
Frankfort plane
Mandible exposure (position 4-8, premolar / molar)

To take longitudinal or cross-sectional exposures of the
mandible, position the lower edge of the mandible so that
it is horizontal.
Mandible.eps

Maxilla exposure (position 4-8, premolar / molar)

To take longitudinal or cross-sectional exposures of the
maxilla, position the maxillary alveolar ridge so that it is
horizontal.
Maxilla.eps
PA projection exposure
To take cross-sectional exposures of the sinus area or
midsagittal plane, position the patient’s head so that the
Frankfort plane is tilted up about 35 degrees.
35°
PA.eps
15.2 Adjusting position of target area
The position of the target area must be checked when the

patient is positioned in the X-ray unit.
If the tomographic positioning lights are not switched on,
touch the thumb wheel on the underside of the patient
support table or press any of the positioning controls
(button or joystick) to switch the lights on.
The light beams cross at the target position. The position
of the target area can be adjusted both crosswise and
lengthwise, and the angle of the C-arm can be changed.
NOTE If necessary, the midsagittal and Frankfort plane lights
can be activated as described in section “Behavioural
preferences (i230)” on page 43.

Tomographic
positioning lights
Dimax_Scan.eps
Positioning controls
Thumb wheel
To adjust the position of the target area, move the

positioning joystick crosswise (x coordinate) or lengthwise
(y coordinate) until the cross formed by the light beams is
at the correct position for the exposure you wish to take.
The coordinates of the selected position are shown on the
main display.
Positioning joystick
(x / y coordinates)
Note that, if necessary, you can rotate the C-arm 90

degrees clockwise by touching the 90° field on the control
panel. This might give you a better view to the patient.
Touching the 90° field again will rotate the C-arm back to
the original position.
Rotate C-arm Rotate C-arm To adjust the angle of the C-arm, press either of the C-
clockwise counterclockwise arm rotation buttons. Pressing the button on the left will
rotate the C-arm clockwise, and pressing the button on
the right will rotate the C-arm counterclockwise.
The C-arm angle is shown on the main display.

15.3 Patient positioning with impression plate
sio
n
M
ate
ria
Spread bite registration paste to the upper or lower side of
es
pr
Im
the impression plate.
ps
.e
ion
ss
pre
Im
Ask the patient to bite the plate so that the anterior teeth
coincide with the cross on the plate. The track of the
dental arch is formed in the registration paste.
Bite_this.eps
Mark the target area on the registration paste.

Bitten_mark.eps
Place the impression plate in position. The tomographic

B lights form a cross which indicates the imaging position.
Adjust the lights so that they hit the marking on the
A registration paste as described in section 15.2 “Adjusting
position of target area” on page 85. Light A must be
parallel to tangent of the jaw curve and light B must be
perpendicular to the jaw.
Tomo_bite1.eps

Position the patient in the unit as described in section 15.1

“Patient positioning” on page 83. Ask the patient to bite
the impression plate.

ready position.

computer screen.
Green ready Exposure message on the computer screen.
Exp_sw_wall6_2.eps
indicator light

Manual exposure
In manual programs you can decide how many exposures
you wish to have in one image. The minimum is one and
the maximum is four.
Between each exposure you can manually:
- change the image area
- change the exposure values (mA and kV)
- change the angle of the C-arm
- change the position of the patient.
For example, stereopair images can be taken by changing
the C-arm angle.

swallow, and remain as still as possible. Tell the patient
how many exposures you will take so that they do not
move before the end of the exposure cycle.

Amber exposure
indicator light Press and hold down the exposure button for the duration
of the exposure. The C-arm will move once around the
patient’s head. The radiation warning lights on the
exposure switch and on the control panel will come on
and you will hear a radiation warning tone. The C-arm will
then stop and wait for you to take the next exposure.
Before taking another exposure make any adjustment

w._2eps
necessary to the exposure settings or adjust the position

of the patient’s head or the C-arm. Take the next
exposure in the same way as described above.
If you take less than four exposures you will have to stop
the exposure procedure by touching the Finish field at the
bottom of the display.
1-3 exposures: Stop exposure procedure

The temple supports will automatically open. You can now
When you have taken the exposure(s) the image will be

(4/4) (3/4) 2/4 1/4

Automatic exposure
In automatic programs you will get three (or four)
exposures in one image depending on the program you
use.
swallow, and remain as still as possible. Tell the patient
that the C-arm will rotate backwards and forwards three
(or four) times so that they do not move before the end of
the exposures.

Amber exposure
indicator light
of the exposures. The C-arm will rotate backwards and
forwards three (or four) times. The radiation warning lights
on the exposure switch and on the control panel will come
on and you will hear a radiation warning tone.
When the C-arm has completed the last exposure cycle

w._2eps

When you have taken the exposures the image will be

4/4 3/4 2/4 1/4

CLEANING
16 CLEANING
NOTE When cleaning unit surfaces, always disconnect the
X-ray unit from mains.
The chin cup, bite pieces, chin rest, chin support, temple
supports and cephalostat head supports can be
autoclaved up to 135°C or cleaned with alcohol-based
solutions.
The head bands, support bars and patient handles can be
cleaned with alcohol-based solutions.
Other unit surfaces, including the control panel display,
can be cleaned with a soft cloth slightly dampened in a
mild cleaning solution.
NOTE Do not use cleaning agents in aerosol or spray form
directly on unit surfaces.
17 SERVICE
To guarantee user and patient safety and to ensure
consistent image quality the unit must be checked and
recalibrated by a qualified PLANMECA service technician
once a year or after every 10 000 exposures if this is
sooner. Refer to the Technical Manual for complete
servicing information.

DISPOSAL
18 DISPOSAL
In order to reduce the environmental load over the
product’s entire lifecycle, Planmeca’s products are
designed to be as safe as possible to manufacture, use
and dispose of.
Parts which can be recycled should always be taken to
the appropriate processing centers, after hazardous
waste has been removed. Disposal of obsolete units is
the responsibility of the waste possessor.
All parts and components containing hazardous materials,
as well as batteries, must be disposed of in accordance
with waste legislation and instructions issued by the
environmental authorities. Batteries must be disposed of
in compliance with the requirements of Directive 2006 / 66
/ EEC.
The risks involved and the necessary precautions must be
taken into account when handling waste products.
Hazardous
Waste
Main materials Recyclable waste
Part disposal
for disposal material (separate
site
collection)
Frame and covers

- metal
Aluminum, X
galvanized steel, X
lead X
- plastic
PUR, X
other plastics X
Motors (X)
Component (X)
boards
Cables, Copper, X
transformers steel, X
transformer oil X
X-ray tube X
Packing Wood, X
cardboard, X
paper, X
polystyrene X
Sensor Return sensor to Planmeca.
Other parts X

HELP MESSAGES
19 HELP MESSAGES
The X-ray unit incorporates a self-checking feature that
monitors the operation of the unit. If the system detects an
operating error a help message (e.g. H101) will appear on
the control panel.
The X-ray unit will not accept any commands from the
user until the help message is cleared from the display.
Clear the message by touching OK.
The following list shows, in numerical order, all the help
messages that can appear on the control panel.
Code Explanation Comments

H101 Exposure switch The exposure button was released Guide the patient away from the
before end of exposure. X-ray unit before moving the
C-arm.
Press and hold down the
exposure button for the entire
duration of the exposure.
H102 The exposure button is stuck or the Release the exposure button.
cable is short circuited. If necessary, contact your
service technician to replace the
exposure switch.
H105 Emergency stop The emergency stop button has been All movements of the X-ray unit
button activated. are blocked, no radiation is
generated.
Guide the patient away from the
X-ray unit. Then release the
emergency stop button to
resume normal operation.
H115 DEC DEC is receiving too much radiation. Change the exposure values.
H116 DEC is receiving too little radiation. Change the exposure values.
H142 Height movement Height movement is not possible Clear any obstruction before
because the stop plate at the bottom of moving the column again.
the column was activated.
H144 Height movement is not possible Release the button / joystick.
because one (or more) of the
positioning control buttons or the
positioning joystick is stuck.
H151 Line voltage The line voltage was too low during Exposure was interrupted.
exposure. Contact your service technician
for help.
H152 The line voltage is too low. Exposure is not possible.
Contact your service technician
for help.

HELP MESSAGES
Code Explanation Comments

H161 Temperature The temperature of the tube head is too Wait for a few minutes for the
high. tube head to cool down.
H162 The temperature of the lift motor is too Wait for a few minutes for the lift
high. motor to cool down.
H163 The temperature of the power supply Wait for a few minutes for the
unit (PSU) is too high. power supply unit (PSU) to cool
down.
H165 The temperature of the tube head is too Wait for a few minutes for the
high for the selected exposure values. tube head to cool down.
H166 The maximum tube head energy level Wait for a few minutes for the
was exceeded. tube head to cool down or use
lower exposure values.
H171 User related The sensor is not attached properly to Attach and / or lock the sensor
messages the C-arm. in position.
H172 The sensor is not attached properly to Attach and / or lock the sensor
the cephalostat. in position.
H175 PC program selection is in conflict with Select another exposure mode
the selected X-ray unit program. in Romexis.
H176 Safety area limit violation in tomography Change the values for layer
mode. thickness, position or angle.
H177 Exposure is not possible with these Change the settings for target
settings. area.
H178 Exposure is not possible with these Change the settings.
settings.
H180 DEC is not available.
H181 The imaging process was cancelled in
Romexis.
H182 Timeout in image data transmission. Exposure was interrupted.
Contact your service technician
for help.
H183 The attached sensor is not suitable for Change the sensor.
the selected program.
H184 Remove the 3D sensor.
H185 The 3D sensor is not attached properly. Attach and / or lock the sensor
in position.
H186 No IP address defined for 3D sensor.
H187 Problem during image data Exposure was interrupted.
transmission. Contact your service technician
for help.
H189 The control panel was touched during Exposure was interrupted.
exposure.
H192 It is not possible to enable radiation or First switch off demo licenses
PC communication (i410) when demo (i510), then enable radiation or
licenses are switched on (i510). PC communication (i410).

ERROR MESSAGES
20 ERROR MESSAGES
NOTE Contact your service technician for help if you receive
an error message.
The X-ray unit incorporates a self-checking feature that

monitors the operation of the unit. If the system detects a
technical fault an error message (e.g. E201) will appear
on the control panel.
An error message indicates that the X-ray unit has a
problem that needs to be solved before further exposures
can be taken. The X-ray unit will not accept any
commands from the user until the error message is
cleared from the display. Guide the patient away from the
X-ray unit. Then clear the message by touching OK.

CONNECTING CABLES
21 CONNECTING CABLES
21.1 Connecting exposure switch cable
Connect the exposure switch cable to the right hand side

terminal on the underside of the stationary column top.
Exposure switch cable

exp_sw_input_sw_block_2.eps
Connect the other end to the exposure switch.

Exp_sw_wall5_2.eps

CONNECTING CABLES
21.2 Connecting external control panel cable (optional)
An optional external control panel can be mounted on a

radiation protection screen, for example. This will allow
you to monitor the messages on the control panel while
taking an exposure.
The cable of the external control panel is connected to the
middle terminal on the underside of the stationary column
top.
exp_sw_input_sw_block_2.eps
21.3 Disconnecting cables
Unscrew these
screws In case you need to disconnect any of the cables
connected to the terminal on the underside of the
stationary column top, the locking plate must be removed.
Remove the locking plate by unscrewing the two M4X12
DIN7984 screws with a 2.5 mm Allen key.
Locking
plate
_2.eps

TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
22 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
SEE TECHNICAL MANUAL FOR USER’S STATEMENT
22.1 Technical data
Generator Resonant-mode, DSP-controlled, 80...160 kHz

complies with the standard IEC 60601-2-7: 1998
X-ray tube Toshiba D-054SB-P
Focal spot size 0.5 x 0.5mm
according to IEC 60336
Total filtration Panoramic min. 2.5 mm Al
Tomographic min. 2.5 mm Al
Cephalometric min. 2.5 mm Al
3D s / 3D min. 2.5 mm Al + 0.5 mm Cu
Anode voltage Panoramic 54 - 84 kV ±5%

Tomographic 54 - 84 kV ±5%
Cephalometric 60 - 84 kV ±5%
3D s / 3D 50 - 90 kV ±5%
Anode current Panoramic 1 - 16 mA ±10%
Tomographic 1 - 16 mA ±10%
Cephalometric 1 - 16 mA ±10%
3D s / 3D 1 - 16 mA ±10%
Linearity of radiation output < 0.1
Cooling period Automatically controlled
Exposure time Panoramic 2.5 - 16 s as indicated ±10%
Tomographic 4 - 12 s as indicated ±10%
Transtomographic 24 - 95 s as indicated ±10%
Ceph / Normal 12 - 18.7 s as indicated ±10%
Ceph / High speed 6 - 9.3 s as indicated ±10%
3D s / 3D Pulsed, effective 2.4 - 12 s
SID Panoramic 500 mm (19.68 in.)
Tomographic 500 mm (19.68 in.)
Cephalometric 170 cm (66.92 in.)
3D s / 3D 527 mm (20.74 in.)
Magnification Panoramic constant 1.2
Tomographic constant 1.5
Cephalometric constant 1.13
3D s / 3D constant 1.57
Pan / ceph image properties:
CCD pixel size 48 m
CCD active surface Panoramic 6 x 146 mm (0.24 x 5.75 in.)
Cephalometric 6 x 279 mm (0.24 x 10.98 in.)
3D image properties:
Flat panel pixel size 127 m
Flat panel active surface 3D s: 8 x 13 cm (3.2 x 5.1 in.)
3D: 13 x 13 cm (5.1 x 5.1 in.)
SmartPan image properties:
Flat panel pixel size 127 m
Flat panel active surface 0.8 x 13 cm (0.31 x 5.1 in.)

Line voltage 100 - 132 V~ / 50- 60 Hz

180 - 240 V~ / 50 Hz
Line current 8 - 15 A
Line harmonics cos better than 0.9
Max. permissible apparent
impedance of supply mains 0.5  (100VAC)
Maximum continuous
heat dissipation < 250W
Electrical classification Class I, type B
Fuses
FUSES 180-240V~ 100-132V~ TYPE

2 user replaceable fuses 8A FF 16A FF / 500V 195100 ELU
Weight 119 kg (263 lbs)

137 kg (304 lbs) with cephalostat
Colour RAL 9016
Environmental requirements
Ambient temperature Pan / ceph X-ray unit:
Operating +5°C to +40°C
Storage ±0°C to +50°C
3D s / 3D X-ray unit:
Operating +10°C to +30°C
Storage ±0°C to +50°C
Humidity 15% - 85%
Original manufacturer
PLANMECA Oy, Asentajankatu 6, FIN-00880 Helsinki, FINLAND
phone: +358 20 7795 500, fax: +358 20 7795 555, www.planmeca.com

22.2 Dimensions
ce_digi_etu_max.eps
1298 - 2123 mm
1560 - 2385 mm
61.4 - 93.8 in.
51.1 - 83.5 in.
1250 mm
49.2 in.
1128 mm 850 mm
(44.4") (33.5")
150 mm 698 mm
(5.9") (27.5")
756 mm
(29.8")
1250 mm
(49.2")
82 82
0 0
32 mm 32 mm
.3 .3
") ")

22.3 Minimum operational space requirements
NOTE The maximum height can be adjusted to suit offices

with low ceiling.
Equipment Width Depth Height

X-ray unit 1500 mm 1630 mm 1560 - 2385 mm
59 in. 64 in. 61.4 - 93.8 in.
X-ray unit with cephalostat 2150 mm 1630 mm 1560 - 2385 mm
85 in. 64 in. 61.4 - 93.8 in.

Planmeca Oy | Asentajankatu 6 | 00880 Helsinki | Finland
tel. +358 20 7795 500 | fax +358 20 7795 555 | sales@planmeca.com | www.planmeca.com

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EN

6 SWITCHING X-RAY UNIT ON .......................................................................11

8 CONTROL PANEL .........................................................................................25

9 INFORMATION DISPLAYS ............................................................................40

10 PATIENT POSITIONING CONTROLS ...........................................................54

12 PANORAMIC EXPOSURE .............................................................................59

13 TEMPOROMANDIBULAR JOINT (TMJ) EXPOSURE ..................................66

14 SINUS EXPOSURE ........................................................................................77

User’s Manual (2D) Planmeca ProMax & Planmeca ProMax 3D s / 3D 1

15 TOMOGRAPHIC EXPOSURE ........................................................................81

22 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ....................................................................98

Planmeca pursues a policy of continual product development. Although every effort is

2 Planmeca ProMax & Planmeca ProMax 3D s / 3D User’s Manual (2D)

The X-ray unit fulfills the requirements of Directive 93 / 42

The display values shown in this manual are only

User’s Manual (2D) Planmeca ProMax & Planmeca ProMax 3D s / 3D 1

2 SYMBOLS ON PRODUCT LABELS

Alternating current (Standard IEC 60417)

Attention, consult accompanying documents

X-ray source assembly, emitting

Electrostatic sensitive device (Standard IEC 60417)

Separate collection for electrical and electronic equipment

These manuals are intended to be used in conjunction

2 Planmeca ProMax & Planmeca ProMax 3D s / 3D User’s Manual (2D)

4 WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS

from the X-ray unit before the C-arm is

User’s Manual (2D) Planmeca ProMax & Planmeca ProMax 3D s / 3D 3

NOTE Before taking an exposure, ask any female patient of

NOTE EMC requirements have to be considered, and the

4 Planmeca ProMax & Planmeca ProMax 3D s / 3D User’s Manual (2D)

User’s Manual (2D) Planmeca ProMax & Planmeca ProMax 3D s / 3D 5

10/100 Base network

6 Planmeca ProMax & Planmeca ProMax 3D s / 3D User’s Manual (2D)

Image Acquisition Work Station

User’s Manual (2D) Planmeca ProMax & Planmeca ProMax 3D s / 3D 7

5.2 General view of X-ray unit

Patient support table

8 Planmeca ProMax & Planmeca ProMax 3D s / 3D User’s Manual (2D)

5.4 Patient supports

User’s Manual (2D) Planmeca ProMax & Planmeca ProMax 3D s / 3D 9

5.5 Exposure switch

The exposure switch can be mounted on the wall, or it can

Exposure button with

CONTROL PANEL LIGHTS:

When you take an exposure you must press and hold

message will appear on the control panel display. Guide

10 Planmeca ProMax & Planmeca ProMax 3D s / 3D User’s Manual (2D)

5.6 Emergency stop button

The emergency stop button is located on the top of the

Emergency stop button

6 SWITCHING X-RAY UNIT ON

The on / off switch is located on the underside of the

The X-ray unit is then ready for use.

NOTE To prolong the lifetime of the X-ray unit, always switch

User’s Manual (2D) Planmeca ProMax & Planmeca ProMax 3D s / 3D 11

Program package Contents Sensor

12 Planmeca ProMax & Planmeca ProMax 3D s / 3D User’s Manual (2D)