Quadratic Equation

It is an equation of degree 2, meaning that the highest exponent of this function is 2. The
standard form of a quadratic is y=a x2 +bx +c , where a, b, and c are numbers and a cannot be 0.

Roots of the Quadratic Equation

Quadratic equations' roots are the values of the variables that satisfy the equation. They're also
known as the quadratic equation's “solutions” or “zeros.”

Sum and Product of the Roots

−b
In the sum of roots, we would get the answer by getting b and a which the formula is . While
a
c
the product of roots, we would get it by having a and c in the equation which the formula is .
a

Ways of Determining the Quadratic Equation through Roots or Sum and Product of Roots
1. Method1: Direct solving with roots given
2. Method 2: Solving for the sum and product of roots with roots given
3. Method 3: Direct solving with sum and product of roots given

Examples:
1. Roots: 3 and 8 (using method 1)
Solution:
x = 3 or x = 8 x-3 = 0 or x-8 = 0
(x-3) (x-8) = 0
2
Quadratic Equation: x −11 x +24=0

2. Roots: -5 and 6 (using method 1)

Solution:
x = -5 or x = 6 x+5 = 0 or x-6 = 0
(x+5) (x-6) = 0

Quadratic Equation: x 2−x−30=0

−2 −1
3. Roots: and ( using method 1)
3 5
Solution:
−2 −1
x= or x = 3x+2 = 0 or 5x+1 = 0
3 5

(3x+2) (5x+1) = 0

Quadratic Equation: 15 x 2+13 x +2

4. Roots: -2 and -7 (using method 2)

Solution: x 1=−2∨x 2=−7
Sum of the Roots: x 1+ x2 =−2+ (−7 )=−9

−b
x 1+ x2 =
a
−b
=−9
a
b
=9
a

Product of the Roots: x 1 ∙ x 2=(−2 ) (−7 )=14

c
x 1 ∙ x 2=
a
c
=14
a

2 b c
Quadratic Equation: a x 2 +bx +c=0 x + x + =0
a a
2
x +(9) x+(14)=0
2
x + 9 x+14=0

3
5. Roots: and 5 (using method 2)
2

Solution:
3
x 1= ∨x 2=5
2
3 13
Sum of the Roots: x 1+ x2 = +5=
2 2
−b
x 1+ x2 =
a
−b 13
=
a 2
b −13
=
a 2

Product of the Roots: x 1 ∙ x 2= ( 32 ) ( 5) = 152

c
x 1 ∙ x 2=
a
c 15
=
a 2

2 b c
Quadratic Equation: a x 2 +bx +c=0 x + x + =0
a a

x 2+ ( −132 ) x +( 152 )=0

2 13 15
2(x − x + =0)
2 2
 2
2 x −13 x +15=0

6. Sum of Roots: -1, Product of Roots: -56 (method 3)

Solution:
−b b
Sum of the Roots: =−1 =1
a a
c
Product of Roots: =−56
a

2 b c
Quadratic Equation: a x 2 +bx +c=0 x + x + =0
a a
2
x +(1) x +(−56)=0
2
x + x−56=0

−7 3
7. Sum of Roots: , Product of Roots: (method 3)
2 2
Solution:
−b −7 b 7
Sum of the Roots: = =
a 2 a 2
c 3
Product of Roots: =
a 2

2 b c
Quadratic Equation: a x 2 +bx +c=0 x + x + =0
a a

x 2+ ( 72 ) x +( 32 )=0
2 7 3
2(x + x + =0)
2 2
2
2 x +7 x +3=0

Word Problems Examples:

1. The sum of two numbers is 12 and their product is 35. What is the quadratic equation for this?
Given:
Sum of the roots = 12
Product of the roots = 35
Solution:
−b b
Sum of the Roots: =12 =−12
a a
c
Product of Roots: =35
a

2 b c
Quadratic Equation: a x 2 +bx +c=0 x + x + =0
a a
 2
x +(−12)x +(35)=0
2
x −12 x+35=0

2. A rectangular garden has an area of 14 m2and a perimeter of 18 meters. Determine the

quadratic equation.
Given:

A = 14 m2
P = 18 m

Solution:
A=lxw
14 = l x w 14 is the product of the roots
Finding the sum of the roots in perimeter
P = 2l + 2w
18=2 l+2 w
2
9=l+w therefore 9 is the sum of the roots
−b b
=9 =−9
a a

2 b c
Quadratic Equation: a x 2 +bx +c=0 x + x + =0
a a
2
x +(−9) x+(14)=0
2
x −9 x +14=0

3. Find the quadratic equation of a square that has a perimeter of 16 meters and area of 16 m2.

Given:
P = 16 m

A = 16 m2

Solution:

A = s2

16 = s ∙ s 16 is the product of the roots

Finding the sum of the roots in perimeter
P = 4s
16=4 s
4

s=4 s+s=8 8 is the sum of the roots

−b b
=8 =−8
a a

2 b c
Quadratic Equation: a x 2 +bx +c=0 x + x + =0
a a
 2
x +(−8) x+(16)=0
2
x −8 x +16=0