KARPAGAM COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING, COIMBATORE-641032

BE-MECHANICAL ENGINEERING SEMESTER : V

21MD11 / HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER
CONTINUOUS INTERNAL ASSESSMENT: III
(usage of HMT Data book is permitted)
DURATION : 1 HOUR 30 MINUTES DATE : 27.10.2023
MAXIMUM : 50 MARKS SESSION : FN
ANSWER KEY
Answer All Questions PART- A (10 x 2 = 20 Marks)
1. A straight tube having a diameter of 40 mm carries water with a
velocity of 10 m/s. The temperature of the tube surface is 45°C
and the flowing water is heated from the inlet temperature Ti= 10 02 CO2 K2*
o
C to an outlet temperature To = 20oC. Find the coefficient of
heat transfer from the tube surface to water.
Diameter (D) = 40 mm = 0.04 m
Radius (r) = D/2 = 0.02 m
Q = h * A * ΔT
A = 2π * r * L
A = 2 * π * 0.02 m * 1 m = 0.1257 m^2
ΔT = To - Ti = 20°C - 10°C = 10°C = 10 K (since 1°C = 1 K)
h = Q / (A * ΔT)
Q = m* c * ΔT
A cross section = π * r^2
m= ρ * A * V
h = Q / (A * ΔT)
2. Air flows through a 10 cm internal diameter tube at the rate of 75
kg/h. Measurement indicate that at a particular point in the tube,
the pressure and temperature of air are 15 bar and 350 K
02 CO1 K2*
respectively, while the tube wall temperature is 400 K. Find the
heat transfer rate from one metre length in the region of this
point.
Tube wall temperature (T w) = 400 K
Air temperature (T) = 350 K
Length of the tube (L) = 1 meter
Q= m∗Cp∗(T w−T) / L
Q= 0.02083kg/s x 1005J/(kg\K)x50K / 1m
=1044.375W
3. How significant is boundary layer in the heat transfer analysis? 02 CO1 K2
Over time, the boundary layers can develop laminar or turbulent attributes, and can be
determined by analysing the Reynolds number for each flow type. Usually, the turbulent
boundary layer has larger shear stress and exhibits higher heat transfer rates.
4. Differentiate free convection from forced convection. 02 CO1 K2
An example of natural convection can be seen in the movement of warm air over land rising
and cool air from a body of water moving in to take its place. Forced convection is the
movement of a fluid using a mechanical tool in order to heat, cool, or dry an object.
5. What do you understand by thermal boundary layer thickness? 02 CO1 K1
The thickness of the boundary layer is inversely proportional to the free stream velocity. This
means when the stream has more velocity less is the thickness of the boundary layer. The
thickness of the boundary layer is directly proportional to the fluid viscosity
6. List the merits of drop wise condensation. 02 CO1 K1
Drop wise condensation is useful in power plant heat exchangers, thermal desalination, self-
cleaning surfaces, and heating and air conditioning. The total amount of heat transfer through
a single droplet is a function of its radius and the size distribution over the condensation
surface
7. Distinguish the pool boiling from forced convection boiling. 02 CO1 K2
The structures of vapor-liquid mixtures resulting from boiling and mixing of liquid and vapor
phases also differ appreciably from each other. Forced convection intensifies these processes
compared to free motion accompanying pool boiling.
8. Write the equation used to calculate heat transfer for flow
02 CO1 K1
through cylindrical pipes?
h = (Nu * k) / h
Where, h is the hydraulic diameter of the pipe. Once the average heat transfer coefficient (h) is
known, the heat transfer rate (Q) can be calculated using the first equation mentioned above.
The assumption of laminar flow is only valid for low Reynolds numbers
9. Why heat sinks with closely packed fins are not suitable for
natural convection heat transfer, although they increase the 02 CO1 K2
heat transfer surface area more?
Closely spaced fins require a higher pressure to move heated air away from the fins than
natural convection can provide. If fins are closely placed, especially in natural convection, the
heat sink will have as much usable surface area as a brick.
10. Mention the advantages of dimensional analysis. 02 CO1 K1
We make use of dimensional analysis for three prominent reasons:
 To check the consistency of a dimensional equation
 To derive the relation between physical quantities in physical phenomena
 To change units from one system to another.

Answer All Questions PART- B (2 x 15 = 30 Marks)

11. The molecular weights of the two components A and B of a gas
mixture are 24 and 28 respectively. The molecular weight of a
gas mixture is found to be 30. If the mass concentration of the
08 CO2 K3*
mixture is 1.2 kg/m3, determine the following:
i).Density of component A and B ,Molar fractions and Mass
fractions
ii) Total pressure if the temperature of the mixture is 290K. 07 CO2 K3
(OR)
12. i) A furnace wall emits radiation at 2000K. Treating it as black
body radiation, Calculate:
(i) Monochromatic radiant flux density at 1 µm wave length and 08 CO2 K3*
wave length at which emission is maximum and the
corresponding emissive power.
(ii) Total emissive power. 07 CO2 K3
13. Emissivities of two large parallel plates maintained at 800°C and
300°C are 0.3 and 0.5 respectively
(i) Find net radiant heat exchange per square metre for these
08 CO2 K3
plates and find the percentage reduction in heat transfer when a
polished aluminium radiation shield of emissivity 0.06 is placed
between them.
(ii) Also find the temperature of the shield. 07 CO2 K3
 (OR)
14. Dry air at 30°C and one atmospheric pressure flows over a flat
plate of 600mm long at a velocity of 55m/s. Calculate: 08 CO2 K3
(i) Sherwood number
(ii) Schmidt number and Mass transfer coefficient 07 CO2 K3
Signature of the Course Coordinator Signature of HoD