www.nammakalvi.

in

MARUSHIKAA MATHS ACADEMY

Shevapet, Salem -2.
XII - Mathematics P.C. Senthil Kumar
Study Material
5. Two Dimensional Analytical Geometry - II

Exercise 5.1
1. Since the x-axis touches the circle at origin,
x-axis is a tangent to the circle at origin and y-axis
is the normal to the circle at the origin. Since every
normal passes through the centre of the circle, y-
axis also passes through the centre of the circle or
centre is a point on the y-axis.
Since the radius of the circle is 5 units, centre
is a point on y-axis, it must be on y-axis at a distance
of 5 units form the origin. Hence, centre can be
0,  5 . Hence there are two circles with radius 5
units.
Here  x1, y1   0, 5 and a  5 .
The required eqution of the circle is
x  02   y  52  52
x 2  y 2  10 y  25  25
x 2  y 2  10 y  0
Circle 2 : Centre at 0,  5 and raduis 5 units.
We know that the equation of circle having
centre at  x1, y1  with radius a is given by
x  x1 2   y  y1 2  a 2
Here  x1, y1   0,  5 and a  5 .
The required eqution of the circle is
x  02   y  52  52
x 2  y 2  10 y  25  25

x 2  y 2  10 y  0
2. Here Centre is C 2,  1 and a point on the
circle is P 3, 6 .
Radius of the circle

Circle 1: Centre at 0, 5 and raduis 5 units.
We know that the equation of circle having
centre at  x1, y1  with radius a is given by
2 2
x  x1    y  y1   a
 CP  3  22  6  12
 12  7 2  1 49  50 units.
We know that the equation of circle having
centre at  x1, y1  with radius a is given by
x  x1 2   y  y1 2  a 2
Here  x1, y1   C 2,  1 and a 
50 .
2
The required eqution of the circle is

XII-Mathematics -1- MMA-9488379999

 www.nammakalvi.in

The required eqution of the circle is

x  22   y  12   50 2
 x  r 2   y  r 2  r 2
x 2  4 x  4  y 2  2 y  1  50 Since the above circle is passing through
x 2  y 2  4 x  2 y  5  50  0  4,  2 , we have,

x 2  y 2  4 x  2 y  45  0 . r 2  12r  20  0
3. r 2  10r  2r  20  0
r r  10  2r  10   0
r  10r  2  0
r  10  0 ( or) r  2  0
r  10 ( or) r  2
Case ( i) If r  2 , we get,

 x  2 2   y  22  22
x2  4x  4  y 2  4 y  4  4

x2  y 2  4x  4 y  4  0
Case ( ii) If r  10
 x  102   y  102  102
x 2  20 x  100  y 2  20 y  100  100
Since the circle touches both the axes, both
the axes are tangents to the circle or orgin is the x 2  y 2  20 x  20 y  100  0
point from where two tangents are drawn to the
circle. Since the length of the tangents are always 4. The given equations of lines are
equal, the points of contacts on x and y axes are 3 x  2 y  1  0 ......( 1)
also equal and let it be r . Morover, the circle passes
4 x  y  27  0 ......( 2)
through the point  4,  2 which lies in the III
Solving ( 1) and ( 2) , to find thier point of
quadrant, the circle must touch the negative x-axis intersection :
and negative y-axis and let the points of contacts
1  3x  2 y  1  0
be A  r , 0  and B 0,  r  . Also the radius through
( 2)  2  8 x  2 y  54  0
the points of contact or perpendicular to the
tangents, O ACB is a square and hence the Adding  11x  55  0
coordinates of centre is C  r ,  r  and the radius ( or) 11x  55  x  5
is also r . Substituting x  5 in ( 1) , we get,
We know that the equation of circle having 35  2 y  1  0  15  1  2 y
centre at  x1, y1  with radius a is given by  2 y  14  y  7
x  x1 2   y  y1 2  a 2 Hence the point of intersection of line ( 1) and
( 2) is P 5, 7  .
Here  x1 , y1    r ,  r  and a  r .

MMA-94488379999 -2- XII-Mathematics

 www.nammakalvi.in
Here centre of the circle is C 2, 3 and it is
passing through the point P 5, 7  .
Radius of the circle
 CP  5  2 2
 7  3
2
 32  42
 9  16  25  5 units.
We know that the equation of circle having
centre at  x1, y1  with radius a is given by
x  x1 2   y  y1 2  a 2
Here  x1, y1   C 2, 3 and a  5 .
The required eqution of the circle is
x  22   y  32  52
x 2  4 x  4  y 2  6 y  9  25
x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  13  25  0
x 2  y 2  4 x  6 y  12  0
5. We that the equation of circle with A  x1, y1 
and B  x2 , y2  as end points of diameter is
x  x1 x  x2    y  y1  y  y2   0
Here A  x1, y1   A 3, 4 and
B  x2 , y2   B 2,  7  .
The required equation of circle is
x  3x  2   y  4 y  7   0
x 2  2 x  3x  6  y 2  7 y  4 y  28  0
x 2  5 x  y 2  3 y  22  0
x 2  y 2  5 x  3 y  22  0
6 . L et the required equation of cirlce be
x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0 .......( 1)
Since the circle is passing through the points
1, 0 ,  1, 0 and 0, 1 , we have,
12  02  2 g 1  2 f 0   c  0
 2 g  c  1 ........( 2)
XII-Mathematics
 12  02  2 g  1  2 f 0  c  0
 2 g  c  1 ......( 3)
02  12  2 g 0  2 f 1  c  0
 2 f  c  1 ........( 4)
Adding ( 2) and ( 3) , 2c  2  c  1
Substituting c  1 in ( 2) , we get,
2 g  1  1  2 g  0  g  0
Substituting c  1 in ( 4) , we get,
2 f  1  1  2 f  0  f  0
Substituting g  0 , f  0 and c  1 in ( 1) ,
we get,
x 2  y 2  1  0 ( or) x 2  y 2  1
7. The given equation of diameters are :
x  y  5 .......( 1)
x  y  1 ........( 2)
We know that centre of the cirlce is the point
of intersection of two diameters.
To find the centre of the circle, solving ( 1) and
( 2) :
Adding ( 1) and ( 2) , we get, 2 x  6  x  3
Substituting x  3 in ( 1) , we get,
3 y  5 y  2.
Hence the centre of the circle is C 3, 2 .
G iven that
area of the circle  9  square units.
Hence  a 2  9   a 2  9  a  3 .
We know that the equation of circle having
centre at  x1, y1  with radius a is given by
x  x1 2   y  y1 2  a 2
Here Centre is C 3, 2 and a  3 units.
The required eqution of the circle is
x  32   y  22  32
x2  6 x  9  y 2  4 y  4  9
x2  y 2  6 x  4 y  4  0
- ✁ MMA-9488379999
 www.nammakalvi.in

8. The given equation of line is To the point  2, 1 :

y  2 2 x  c ......( 1)
x2  y 2  5x  2 y  5
Here m  2 2 and a 2  16  a  4 .
  22  12  5 2   21  5
We know that the line y  mx  c will be a
 4  1  10  2  5  17  5  12  0
tangent to the circle x 2  y 2  a 2 if
Therefore the point  2, 1 lies outside the

c2  a 2 m2  1  circle.
To the point 0, 0 :

 
c 2  16  2 2  1
2
 x2  y 2  5x  2 y  5
c 2  16 8  1  02  0 2  50   20  5
c 2  16  9  0  5  5  0
c   4 3 Therefore the point 0, 0 lies inside the circle.
c   12 . To the point  4,  3 :
9. The equation of tangent to the circle
x2  y 2  5x  2 y  5
x 2  y 2  6 x  6 y  8  0 at a point  x1, y1  is
  42   32  5 4   2 3  5
1
xx1  yy1  6  x  x1   6  1  y  y1   8  0  16  9  20  6  5
2 2
 45  11  34  0
xx1  yy1  3  x  x1   3  y  y1   8  0
Therefore the point  4,  3 lies outside the
Here  x1, y1   2, 2 . Hence the require circle.
equation of tangent at 2, 2 is 11. ( i) The given equation of circle is

2 x  2 y  3  x  2  3  y  2  8  0 x 2   y  22  0
2 x  2 y  3x  6  3 y  6  8  0 The centre of the circle is C 0,  2  and radius
 x  5y  8  0 is 0 . Hence it is a point circle.
( ii) The given equation of circle is
x 5y  8  0
The equation of normal is of the form, x2  y 2  6 x  4 y  4  0
5x  y  k  0 Comparing the above equation with
Since the normal passes through 2, 2 , we x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0
have we get,
5 2   2  k  0  k  12 2g  6 2 f  4 c  4
Hence the required equation of normal is g 3 f  2 c4
5 x  y  12  0 .
Centre  C  g ,  f   C  3, 2
10 . G iven equation of the circle is
x2  y 2  5x  2 y  5  0 Radius  g 2  f 2  c  32   22  4
 9  4  4  9  3 units.

MMA-94488379999 -4- XII-Mathematics

 www.nammakalvi.in

( iii) The given equation of circle is 12. The given equation of circle is
x2  y 2  x  2 y  3  0 3x 2  3  p xy  qy 2  2 px  8 pq .
Comparing the above equation with We know that the coefficient of xy  0 . Hence
2 2 3 p  0  p  3
x  y  2 gx  2 fy  c  0
we get, Also we know that
2 g  1 2f 2 c  3 coefficent of x 2 = coefficient of y 2  q  3
1 Therefore, the equation of circle is
g f 1 c  3
2 3x 2  3 y 2  6 x  72  0
1 
Centre  C  g ,  f   C  ,  1 ( or) x 2  y 2  2 x  24  0 .
2 
Comparing the above equation with
Radius  g 2  f 2  c x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0
2 we get,
 1 1
     12   3  1 3 2 g  2 2f 0 c  24
 2 4
g  1 f 0 c  24

1
4 
17

17 Centre  C  g ,  f   C 1, 0
units.
4 4 2
( iv) The given equation of circle is Radius  g 2  f 2  c

2x2  2 y 2  6 x  4 y  2  0   12  0 2   24

( or) x 2  y 2  3x  2 y  1  0  1  0  24  25  5 units.
Comparing the above equation with
Exercise 5.2
x 2  y 2  2 gx  2 fy  c  0
we get, 1. ( i)
2g  3 2f 2 c 1
3
g f 1 c 1
2
 3 
Centre  C  g ,  f   C   ,  1
 2 

Radius  g 2  f 2  c

2
3
    12  1
2

9 9 3
  11   units.
4 4 2

XII-Mathematics -5- MMA-9488379999

 www.nammakalvi.in

Here S 4, 0 and directrix is x  4 . Clearly Hence the equation of parabola open
the parabola is open right and the axis of symmetry downward with y-axis as symmetry is of the form
is x-axis. x 2  4a y .....( 1)
D istance between F ocus and directrix is 8
Since it passes through 2 ,  3 , we have
units. Hence 2a  8  a  4 units.
F oot of the perpendicular from the F ocus to 2 2  4a 3  4  4a 3
the directrix is at Z  4, 0 . 4
V ertex is the mid point of SZ . Hence 4a 
3
44 00
V ertex   ,   0 , 0 Substituting 4a 
4
in ( 1) , we get,
 2 2  3
The equation of the required parabola is
4
x2   y
y 2  4a x 3
y 2  44x 3x 2  4 y
( iii) F rom the given information, the parabola
y 2  16 x
is open right. Since the vertex is not at the origin,
Aliter : its equation must be of the form
The equation of conic with given focus
x1, y1  and the equation of directrix lx  my  n  0  y  k 2  4a  x  h 
with eccentricity e is given by where a is the distance between the vertex
and focus.
x  x1 2   y  y1 2  e 2 lx 2my 2n 
2

l m 
Here S x1 , y1   4, 0 . Equation of directrix
DD :' lx  my  n  0 ( or) x  4  0 .
We know that the eccentricity of the
parabola is always e  1 .
The required equation of the parabola is
 x  42
 x  42   y  02  12
12  02 
x 2  8 x  16  y 2  x 2  8 x  16

y 2  16 x
Which is the required equation of parabola.
( ii) Since the parabola is symmetrical about Here V S= D istance between the vertex and
y-axis, it is either open upward or open downward. focus
Since it passes through the point 2 ,  3 which lies  1  42   2  2 2
in the IV quadrant. Hence the parabola must be
open downward in order to pass through 2 ,  3 .  32  0 2  3 units.

MMA-94488379999 -6 - XII-Mathematics
 www.nammakalvi.in
Also V h , k   V 1,  2 .
Hence the required equation of the parabola
is,
 y  22  43 x  1
y 2  4 y  4  12 x  12
y 2  12 x  4 y  4  12  0
y 2  12 x  4 y  16  0
( iv) G iven that L 4, 8 and L' 4,  8 are the
end points of L atus rectum. We know that the
focus of the parabola is the mid point of L atus
rectum.
 4  4 88
Hence S   ,   4 , 0 
 2 2 
Also L ength of L atus rectum
 LL'  4  42  8  82
 0 2  16 2  16 2  16 units.
Hence 4a  16  a  4
Since the line perpendicular to L L ’ and
passing through F ocus is x-axis, x-axis is the axis
of symmetry and V ertex lies on the axis of
XII-Mathematics
symmetry at distance of 4 units left or right of the
F ocus. Hence V ertex can be either V 0, 0  or
V 8, 0 .
Case ( i) If V ertex is at V 0, 0  , the parabola is
open right and the equation of the parabola is of
the form
y 2  4ax
Here a  4 . Hence the required equation of
parabola is
y 2  44x  y 2  16 x
Case ( ii) If the vertex is at V 8, 0 , the parabola
is open left and the equation of the parabola is of
the form
 y  k 2  4a  x  h 
Here V h , k   8, 0 and a  4 . Hence the required
equation of the parabola is
 y  02  44 x  8
y 2  16  x  8
y 2  16 x  128
2. ( i) F rom the given information it is clear
that the maj or axis is along x axis.
The centre of the ellipse is the midpoint of
-7- MMA-9488379999
 www.nammakalvi.in

SS ' where S is 3, 0 and S ' is  3, 0 .

33 00
/ Centre C h , k    ,   0 , 0  .
 2 2 
 The equation of the ellipse with cente at
origin and whose maj or axis is along x-axis is of
the form
x2 y2
 1
a2 b 2
D istance between two foci  SS '  6
 2ae  6  ae  3
1
B ut eccentricity e  . Hence from
2
1
ae  3  a    3  a  6 .
2
N ow b 2  a 2  ae2  6 2  32  36  9  27

Thus the required equation of ellipse is

b 2  a 2  ae 2  25  16  9
2 2
x y Hence the required equation of ellipse is
 1
36 27
x2 y 2
 1.
2. ( ii) F rom the given information the maj or axis 9 25
is along y - axis. 2. ( iii) G iven that
The centre of the ellipse is the midpoint of L ength of latus rectum = 8 units
SS' where S is 0, 4 and S’ is 0,  4  . 2b 2 b 2
8  4  b 2  4a
 0 0 4  4  a a
/ Centre C =  ,   0 , 0 .
 2 2  N ow, 
b 2  a 2 1  e2 
 The equation of the ellipse with cente at
origin and whose maj or axis is along y-axis is of   3 2 
4 a  a 2 1    
the form  5 
 
x2 y2
 1  9 
b 2 a2 4 a  a 2 1  
 25 
Here D istance between centre and F ocus
 CS  ae  4 units.  25  9 
4a  a 2  
D istance between centre and V ertex  25 
 CA  a  5 units.

MMA-94488379999 ✂- ✄ XII-Mathematics
 www.nammakalvi.in

 25  9   22 00
4a  a 2   / Centre C =  ,   0 , 0 .
 25   2 2 
 The equation of the hyperbola with cente
 16 
4a  a 2   at origin and whose transverse axis is along x-axis
 25  is of the form
 4  x2 y2
a  a2   1
 25 
a2 b 2
25a  4a 2
4a 2  25a  0
a4a  25  0
a  0 ( or) 4a  25  0
25
a  0 ( or) a 
4
25
Since a  0 we must have a  .
4
6 25
Hence a 2 
16
25 D istance between two foci  SS '  4
Since b 2  4a , we get b 2  4   25 .
4  2ae  4  ae  2
Since the maj or axis along x-axis, the equation 3
of ellipse is of the form B ut eccentricity e  . Hence from
2
x2 y2 3 4 16
 2 1 ae  2  a    2  a   a 2  .
a2 b 2 3 9

x2 y2 2
N ow b 2  ae 2  a 2  2 2     4 
 1 4 16
6 25 16 25 3 9

16 x 2 y 2 36  16 20
 1  
6 25 25 9 9
Thus the required equation of hyperbola is
16 x 2 25 y 2
 1 x2 y2 9 x2 9 y2
6 25 6 25   1 ( or)  1
16 9 20 9 16 20
16 x 2  25 y 2  6 25 3. ( ii) F rom the given information it is clear that
3. ( i) F rom the given information the transverse the transverse axis is parallel to x-axis and the
axis is along x - axis. centre is not at the origin.
The centre of the hyperbola is the midpoint  The required equation is of the form
of SS' where S is 2, 0 and S’ is  2, 0  .

XII-Mathematics -9- MMA-9488379999

 www.nammakalvi.in

x  h 2   y  k 2  1.
52  2 2
 2 1
a2 b 2 16 b
25 4
 2 1
16 b
25 4
1  2
16 b
25  16 4
 2
16 b
9 4
 2
16 b
Here Centre C h, k   2, 1 and F ocus is
16 6 4
b 2  4 
S 8, 1 .
Hence CS  ae  6 . 9 9
The distance between the centre and directrix Hence the required equation of hyperbola is
a x2 y2 x2 9 y2
 CZ  2   1 ( or)  1
e 16 6 49 16 6 4
a
 ae   6  2  a 2  12 4. ( i) The given equation of the parabola is
e
N ow from y 2  16 x
Comparing the above equation with
b 2  ae 2  a 2  6 2  12  36  12  24
y 2  4ax
 The required equation of hyperbola is
we get, 4a  16  a  4 .
x  22   y  12
1 Moreover, the parabola is open rightwards
12 24 having its vertex at origin.
3. ( iii) F rom the given information it is clear that V ertex : V 0, 0
the transverse axis is parallel to x-axis and the
centre is at the origin. F ocus : S a , 0  S 4, 0
 The required equation is of the form Equation of D irectrix :
x  a  0 ( or) x  4  0
x2 y2
  1 .....( 1) L ength of L atus Rectum  4a  16 units
a2 b 2 4. ( ii) The given equation of the parabola is
L ength of transverse axis = 8 units
x 2  24 y
2a  8  a  4
Substituting a  4 in ( 1) , we get, Comparing the above equation with

2 2 x 2  4ay
x y
 2  1 ......( 2) we get, 4a  24  a  6 .
16 b
Moreover, the parabola is open upward
Since the above hyperbola is passing through having its vertex at origin.
the point 5,  2 , we have,

MMA-94488379999 - 10 - XII-Mathematics
 www.nammakalvi.in

V ertex : V 0, 0 4. ( v) The given equation of the parabola is

F ocus : S 0, a   S 0, 6  y 2  4 y  8 x  12  0

Equation of D irectrix : y 2  4 y  8 x  12
y  a  0 ( or) y  6  0
y 2  4 y  4  8 x  12  4
L ength of L atus Rectum  4a  24 units
4. ( ii) The given equation of the parabola is  y  22  8 x  8
y 2  8 x  y  22  8  x  1
Comparing the above equation with
The above equation is in the standard form
2
y  4ay Y 2  4aX . Hence, the parabola is open right.
we get, 4a  8  a  2 . Here 4a  8  a  2
Moreover, the parabola is open left and
Here the vertex is V 1, 2 .
having its vertex at origin.
V ertex : V 0, 0 F ocus  S a  1, 0  2  S 2  1, 2

F ocus : S  a , 0  S  2, 0  S 3, 2
Equation of D irectrix : Equation of directrix is
x  a  0 ( or) x  2  0 x  a  0 1
L ength of L atus Rectum  4a  8 units  x  2  1  x  1
4. ( iv) The given equation of the parabola is L ength of latus rectum  4a  8 units.

x 2  2 x  8 y  17  0 x2 y 2
5. ( i) The given equation   1 represents
25 9
x 2  2 x  8 y  17
an ellipse with maj or axis along x-axis.
x 2  2 x  1  8 y  17  1 Here a 2  25 ; b 2  9  a  5 ; b  3
x  12  8 y  16 a2  b 2 25  9 16 4
e   
x  12  8  y  2 a 5 5 5
The above equation is in the standard form 4 a 5 25
ae  5   4 and   .
2 5 e 45 4
X  4a Y . Hence, the parabola is open
downwards. 1. Centre : C 0, 0
Here 4a  8  a  2 2. F oci : S ae, 0  S 4, 0 and
Here the vertex is V 1,  2 .
S '  ae, 0  S '  4, 0 .
F ocus  S 0  1,  2  a   S 1,  2  2
3. V ertices : A a, 0  A5, 0 and
 S 1,  4
A'  a, 0  A'  5, 0
Equation of directrix is
4. Equation of D irectrices :
ya  02
a 25 a 25
 y  2  2  y  0 x x and x    x  
e 4 e 4
L ength of latus rectum  4a  8 units.

XII-Mathematics - 11 - MMA-9488379999
 www.nammakalvi.in

4. Equation of D irectrices :
x2 y 2
5. ( ii) The given equation  1 a 25 a 25
3 10 x x and x    x  
e 13 e 13
represents an ellipse with maj or axis along y-axis.
Here a 2  10 ; b 2  3  a  10 ; b  3 y2 x2
5. ( iv) The given equation  1
16 9
a2  b 2 10  3 7 represents a hyperbola with transverse axis is along
Eccentricity e   
a 10 10 y-axis.

7 a 10 10 Here a 2  16 ; b 2  9  a  4 ; b  3
ae  10   7 and   .
10 e 7 10 7 a2  b 2 16  9 25 5
e   
1. Centre : C 0, 0 a 4 4 4
2. 
F oci : S 0, ae  S 0, 7 and  ae  4 
5 a
 5 and 
4 16
 .
 
S ' 0,  ae  S ' 0,  7
4 e 54 5
1. Centre : C 0, 0
3. V ertices : A 0 , a   A0 , 10  and
2. F oci : S 0, ae  S 0, 5 and
A' 0 ,  a   A' 0,  10  S ' 0,  ae  S ' 0,  5 .
4. Equation of D irectrices :
3. V ertices : A 0 , a   A0, 4  and
a 10 a 10
y y and y    y   A' 0,  a   A' 0,  4
e 7 e 7
4. Equation of D irectrices :
2 2
x y a 16 a 16
5. ( iii) The given equation 1 y y and y    y  
25 144 e 5 e 5
represents a hyperbola with transverse axis is along 6 .
x-axis.
Here a 2  25 ; b 2  144  a  5 ; b  12

a2  b 2 25  144 16 9 13
e   
a 5 5 5
13 a 5 25
ae  5   13 and  
5 e 13 5 13
1. Centre : C 0, 0
2. F oci : S ae , 0  S 13, 0 and
S '  ae, 0  S '  13, 0 .
3. V ertices : A a, 0  A5, 0 and
L et L1SL1' be a latus rectum passing through
A'  a, 0  A'  5, 0
the focus S ae, 0  .

MMA-94488379999 - 12 - XII-Mathematics
 www.nammakalvi.in

L et L1S  k . Then the co-ordiates of L1 will S ' P  SP  e PM ' e PM

be L1ae, k  . Since L1ae, k  is a point on the  e  PM '  PM 
 e M M '  e ZZ '
x2 y2
hyperbola   1 , we have,
a2 b 2  a
 e  2   2a = constant
 e
a 2e 2 k2
 1 S ' P  SP  2a  L ength of the Transverse axis.
a2 b 2
Thus the difference of the focal distances of
k2 k2 any point on the hyperbola is constant and equal
 e2  2  1  2
 e2  1 to the length of the Transverse axis.
b b

k2 b 2 b 4
 2  2  k2  2
b a a

b 2
k 
a
Since L1 , is a point on the I quadrant, we

b 2 b 2
must have k   L1S 
a a
 b 2 

The co-ordinates of L1 is ae, and the
 a 


  b 2  8. ( i) The given equation of conic is

co-ordinates of L1' is L1'  ae,
 a 
  x  32  y  42
 1
2
225 289
b
N ow L1S  SL1'  The given equation of conic is ellispe whose
a maj or axis is parallel to y-axis.
Moreover length of a latus rectum
Here a 2  289 ; b 2  225  a  17 ; b  15
b 2 b 2 2b 2
 L1L1'  L1S  SL1'    units. a2  b 2 289  225 6 4 8
a a a e   
7 . L et P be a point on the hyperbola, D raw a 17 17 17

PM  D1D1' . J oin SP and S' P . 8 a 17 289

ae  17   8;  
B y the property of the hyperbola, we have 17 e 8 17 8
SP S' P 1. Centre : C 3, 4 
 e and e
PM PM ' 2. F oci :
 SP  e PM and S ' P  e PM ' S 0  3, ae  4  S 3, 8  4  S 3, 12 and
S ' 0  3,  ae  4  S ' 3,  8  4  S ' 3,  4 .

XII-Mathematics ☎- 1✆ MMA-9488379999
 www.nammakalvi.in

3. V ertices : 8. ( iii) The given equation of conic is

A 0  3, a  4  A0  3, 17  4  A3, 21 and  x  32  y  42
 1
A' 0  3,  a  4  A' 0  3,  17  4 225 6 4
 A' 3,  13 The given equation of conic is hyerbola whose
transverse axis is parallel to x-axis.
4. Equation of D irectrices :
Here a 2  225 ; b 2  6 4  a  15 ; b  8
a 289 289  32 321
y  4 y  4 y
e 8 16 8 a2  b 2 225  6 4 289 17
and e   
a 15 15 15
a 289  289  32
y  4 y  4 17 a 15 225
e 8 8 ae  15   17 ;  
15 e 17 15 17
 257
y
8 1. Centre : C  3, 4
8. ( ii) The given equation of conic is 2. F oci :
S ae  3, 0  4   S 17  3, 4  S 14, 4 and
 x  12  y  22
 1 S '  ae  3, 0  4  S '  17  3, 4  S '  20, 4
100 6 4
The given equation of conic is ellispe whose 3. V ertices :
maj or axis is parallel to x-axis. A a  3, 0  4   A15  1, 4  A14, 4 and
Here a 2  100 ; b 2  6 4  a  10 ; b  8 A'  a  3, 0  4  A'  15  3, 4   A'  18, 4
4. Equation of D irectrices :
a2  b 2 100  6 4 36 6
e    a 225 225  51 174
a 10 10 10 x 3 x  3  x
e 17 17 17
6 a 10 100 50 and
ae  10  6 ;   
10 e 6 10 6 3 a 225  225  51
x  3 x   3 
1. Centre : C  1, 2 e 17 17
2. F oci :  276
x
S ae  1, 0  2  S 6  1, 2  S 5, 2 and 17
8. ( iv) The given equation of conic is
S '  ae  1, 0  2  S '  6  1, 2  S '  7 , 2 .
 y  22  x  12
3. V ertices :  1
25 16
A a  1, 0  2   A10  1, 2  A9 , 2 and
The given equation of conic is hyperbola
A'  a  1, 0  2  A'  10  1, 2  A'  11, 2 whose transverse axis is parallel to y-axis.
4. Equation of D irectrices : Here a 2  25 ; b 2  16  a  5 ; b  4
a 50 50  3 47
x 1  x  1  x
e 3 3 3 a2  b 2 25  16 41
e  
and a 5 5
a 50  50  3  53 41 a 5 25
x  1  x   1  x ae  5   41 ;  
e 3 3 3 5 e 41 5 41

MMA-94488379999 - 14 - XII-Mathematics
 www.nammakalvi.in

1. Centre : C  1, 2 2. F oci :
2. F oci : 
S 0  4, ae  2  S 4, 6  2 and 

S 0  1, ae  2  S  1, 41  2 and  
S ' 0  4,  ae  2  S ' 4 ,  6  2 . 

S ' 0  1,  ae  2  S '  1,  41  2 .  3. V ertices :
3. V ertices : 
A 0  4 , a  2  A 4, 3 2  2 and 
A 0  1, a  2  A 1, 5  2  A 1, 7  and

A' 0  4 ,  a  2  A' 4 ,  3 2  2 
A' 0  1,  a  2  A'  1,  5  2  A'  1,  3 4. Equation of D irectrices :
4. Equation of D irectrices : a
y 2 y 3 6 2
a 25 e
y  2 y   2 and
e 41 a
and y    2  y  3 6  2
a 25 e
y  2 y   2
e 41 8. ( vi) The given equation of conic is
8. ( v) The given equation of conic is 9 x 2  y 2  36 x  6 y  18  0
18 x 2  12 y 2  144 x  48 y  120  0
9 x 2  36 x  y 2  6 y  18
18 x 2  144 x  12 y 2  48 y  120
 
9 x 2  4 x  y 2  6 y  18 
 2
  2
18 x  8 x  12 y  4 y  120   
9 x2  4x  4  y 2  6 y  9   18  36 9
18 x 2  8 x  16  12 y 2  4 y  4
9  x  2 2   y  32  9
 120  288  48
9  x  2 2  y  32
18  x  4 2  12  y  2 2  216  1
9 9
18  x  4 2 12  y  2 2
 1  x  22  y  32
216 216  1
1 9
 x  42  y  22 The given equation of conic is hyerbola whose
 1 transverse axis is parallel to x-axis.
12 18
The given equation of conic is ellispe whose Here a 2  1 ; b 2  9  a  1 ; b  3
maj or axis is parallel to y-axis.
a2  b 2 1 9
Here a 2  18 ; b 2  12  a  18  3 2 e   10
a 1
a2  b 2 18  12 6 ae  1 10  10 ; 
a 1
e  
a 3 2 3 2 e 10
1. Centre : C 2,  3
6 a 3 2 18
ae  3 2   6 ;   3 6 2. F oci :
3 2 e 6 3 2 6
1. Centre : C 4 ,  2
S ae  2, 0  3  S  10  2,  3 and
S '  ae  2, 0  3  S '  10  2,  3

XII-Mathematics - 15 - MMA-9488379999
 www.nammakalvi.in

3. V ertices : 6 . The given equation of conic is

A a  2, 0  3  A1  2 ,  3  A3,  3 and y 2  4x  3 y  4  0
A'  a  2, 0  3  A'  1  2,  3  A' 1,  3 Here B  0 and A  0 ; C  1 , the given
4. Equation of D irectrices : equation represents a parabola.
a 1
x 2 x   2 and
e 10 Exercise 5.4
a 1 1. The given equation of the ellipse is
x  2 x   2
e 10
2 x 2  7 y 2  14
Exercise 5.3 2x2 7 y 2
 1
14 14
1. The give equation of conic is
2x2  y 2  7 x2 y 2
 1
7 2
Here A  2; C  1 and hence A  C and they
have opposite sign. So the given equation Here a 2  7 ; b 2  4
represents a hyperbola. L et the equation of tangent drawn from the
2. The give equation of conic is point 5, 2  to the given ellipse be
3x 2  3 y 2  4 x  3 y  10  0
y  mx  a 2 m2  b 2
4 10
x2  y 2  x y 0
3 3 ( i.e.,) y  mx  7 m 2  2 . . . . . 1
Here A  C  1 and B  0 hence the given Since the tangent ( 1) passes through 5, 2  ,
equation represents a circle. we have,
3. The given equation of conic is
2 2 2  5m  7 m 2  2
3x  2 y  14
Here A  3 ; C  2 and hence A  C and they 2  5m  7 m 2  2
have same sign. So the given equation represents Squaring on both sides, we get,
an ellipse. 2  5m2  7m 2  2
4. The give equation of conic is
2 2 4  20m  25m 2  7m 2  2
x  y  x y 0
25m 2  20m  4  7m 2  2  0
Here A  C  1 and B  0 hence the given
equation represents a circle. 18 m 2  20m  2  0
5. The given equation of conic is
9 m 2  10m  1  0
11x 2  25 y 2  44 x  50 y  256  0
9 m2  9 m  m  1  0
Here A  11 ; C  25 and hence A  C and
they have opposite sign. So the given equation 9 m m  1  m  1  0
represents a hyperbola. m  1 9 m  1  0

MMA-94488379999 - 16 - XII-Mathematics
 www.nammakalvi.in

m  1  0 ( or) 9 m  1  0 10
Slope of the given line  .
1 3
m  1 ( or) m  Since the tangent drawn to the hyperbola ( 1)
9
is parallel to the given line,
( i) The equation of tangent passing through
Slope of the tangent = slope of the line
5, 2 with slope m  1 is,
10
y  y1  m x  x1  m
3
y  2  1 x  5 10
Substituting m  in ( 2) , we get,
y 2  x 5 3
x  y 5 2  0 2
10  10 
x  y 3  0 y  x  16     6 4
3 3
( ii) The equation of tangent passing through 10 100
y x  16  6 4
1
5, 2 with slope m  is, 3 9
9
10 16 00
y  y1  m x  x1  y x 6 4
3 9
1
y2   x  5 10 16 00  576
9 y x
3 9
9 y  18  x  5
x  9 y  5  18  0 10 1024
y x
3 9
x  9 y  13  0
2. The given equation of hyperbola is 10 32
y x
3 3
x2 y 2
  1 .....( 1) 10 32 10 32
16 6 4 y x ( or) y  x 
3 3 3 3
Here a 2  16 ; b 2  6 4
3 y  10 x  32 ( or) 3 y  10 x  32
L et the equation of tangent drawn to the
hyperbola ( 1) be 10 x  3 y  32  0 ( or) 10 x  3 y  32  0
3. The given equation of ellispe is
y  mx  a 2 m 2  b 2
x2 y2
x 2  3 y 2  12 ( or)   1 .....( 1)
( i.e.,) y  mx  16 m 2  6 4 ....( 2) 12 4

Here a 2  12, b 2  4
The given equation of straight line is
The given equation of line is
10 x  3 y  9  0
x  y  4  0 ( or) y  x  4
10 x  9  3 y
Here m  1, c  4 .
10 9 10
y  x  y  x3
3 3 3

XII-Mathematics - 17 - MMA-9488379999
 www.nammakalvi.in

We know that the condtion for the line

Equation of tangent to the parabola y 2  8 x
2 2
x y at t is
y  mx  c to be a tangent to the ellipse 2
 2 1
a b
yt  x  at 2 ( i.e.,) yt  x  2t 2
is c 2  a 2 m 2  b 2 .
Equation of tangent to the parabola y 2  8 x
N ow a 2 m 2  b 2  12  12  4  16  42  c 2 at t  2 is,
The line x  y  4  0 is a tangent to the ellipse ( 1) .
y2  x  222
✟✠ ✡✟☛☞✌✡☞
Point : 2y  x 8
  a m b    12 1 4 
2 2 x  2y  8  0
P ,  ,    3, 1
 c  Equation of normal at ‘ t’ is
 c   4 4
4. The given equation of the parabola is y  t x  2at  at 3 ( i.e.,) y  t x  4t  2t 3

y 2  16 x ....( 1) Equation of normal at t  2 is,

Here 4a  16  a  4 y  2 x  4 2   2 23
The given equation of the line is y  2 x  8  16
2 x  2 y  3  0 ( or) 2 y  2 x  3 2 x  y  24  0
3
y  x  6 . The given equation of the hyperbola is
2
Slope of the given line is  1 . 12 x 2 9 y 2
12 x 2  9 y 2  108 ( or)   108
Since the tangent drawn to the parabola ( 1) 108 108
is perpendicular to the given line,
slope of tangent  1  1 x2 y 2
 1
9 12
m   1  1
m 1 Here a 2  9 ; b 2  12  a  3 ; b  2 3
L et the equation of the tangent be Equation of tangent to the hyperbola at  is

y  mx 
a x sec  y tan 
 1
m a b
Here a  4 ; m  1 . 
The equation of tangent at   is
4 3
y  x
1  
x sec y tan
y  x4 3 3 1
x y40 3 2 3

5. The given equation of tha parabola is x2 y 3

 1
3 2 3
y 2  8x
Here 4a  8  a  2 .

MMA-94488379999 ✝- 1✞ XII-Mathematics
 www.nammakalvi.in

2 1 x y 1
x  y 1  
3 2 at 1t 2 t 1  t 2   
a t 12  t 2 2 t 1  t 2
4x  3y  6
x 1 at t t  t 
4x  3y  6  0   x  1 2 1 2  at 1t 2
at 1t 2 t 1  t 2  t 1  t 2 t 1t 2
Equation of normal to the hyperbola at  is Comparing last two,
ax

b y
sec  tan 
 a2  b 2 y

1
y
a t 12  t 2 2  

 
a t 12  t 2 2 t 1  t 2 t 1 t 2
The equation of normal at   is
a t 1  t 2 t 1  t 2 
3 y  y  a t 1  t 2 
t 1  t 2 
3x 2 3 y
  9  12 Hence the point of intersection of two
 
sec
3
tan
3 tangents is a t 1t 2 , a t 1  t 2  .
Aliter :
3x 2 3 y The equation of tangents drawn to the
  21
2 3
parabola y 2  4ax at t 1 and t 2 are given by
3x
 2 y  21 yt 1  x  at 12 ........( 1)
2
3 x  4 y  42 yt 2  x  at 2 2 ........( 2)
3 x  4 y  42  0 To find the point of intersection of ( 1) and ( 2) ,
7. The equation of tangents drawn to the we have to solve theses equations.

parabola y 2  4ax at t 1 and t 2 are given by 1  2  yt 1  yt 2  at 12  at 2 2

yt 1  x  at 12 ........( 1) 
y t 1  t 2   a t 12  t 2 2 
y t 1  t 2   a t 1  t 2 t 1  t 2 
yt 2  x  at 2 2 ........( 2)
To find the point of intersection of ( 1) and y t 1  t 2   a t 1  t 2 t 1  t 2 
( 2) , we have to solve theses equations. y  a t 1  t 2 
F rom ( 1) , x  yt 1  at 12  0 ......( 3) Substituting y  a t 1  t 2  in ( 1) , we get,
F rom ( 2) x  yt 2  at 2 2  0 ....( 4) a t 1  t 2  t 1  x  at 12
Applying cross Multiplication,
x y 1
at 12  at 2 t 1  x  at 12
x  at 1t 2
t 1 at 12 1 t 1 Hence the point of intersection of two
t 2 at 2 2 1 t 2 tangents is a t 1t 2 , a t 1  t 2  .
8. The equation of normal to the parabola
x y 1
 
 at 1t 22  at 12t 2 at 12  at 2 2  t 2  t 1 y 2  4ax at t 1 is given by,
Comparing first and last, y  xt 1  2at 1  at 13 ...( 1)

XII-Mathematics - 19 - MMA-9488379999
 www.nammakalvi.in

If this line meets the parbola again at the point Since the bridge seems to be the parabola
at 22 , 2at 2  . ( i.e.,) The line ( 1)
t 2 ( or) passes
open downwards, let its equation be
x 2  4a y .....( 1) .
through the point at 2 2 , 2at 2  . Hence,
Since Q 15,  10 is a point on the parabola
2at 2  at 2t 3
2 1  2at 1  at 1 ( 1) , we have
2t 2  t 2 2t 1  2t 1  t 13 152  4a  10

t 22t 1  t 13  2t 1  2t 2 225  4a 10

 
t 1 t 2 2  t 12  2 t 2  t 1  4a 
225 45

10 2
t 1t 2  t 1 t 2  t 1   2 t 2  t 1 
45
t 1t 2  t 1   2 Substituting 4a  in ( i) , we get,
2
2 45
t 2 t 1   x2   y .....( 2)
t1 2
2 D raw a line segment from a point A that is at
t2 t 1 6 m to the right of R on P Q parallel to y- axis, and
t1
let its meeting point on the parabola be B and the
 2 x-axis be C. Then AC  10 m .
t 2   t 1  
 t1 L et BC  k . Since O C  6 and BC  k , the
co-ordinates of B is 6,  k  .
Exercise 5.5 Since B 6,  k  is a point on the
parabola ( 2) , we have,
1. L et P Q be the span of the bridge. L et us
45
choose the heighest point on the grider as origin 62    k 
O . D raw a line O X parallel to P Q , and choose it as 2
positive x-axis. L et the Meeting point of y-axis and 36  2 8
P Q be R. k   1 .6
45 5
N ow AB  AC  BC  10  1.6  8.4 m .
Hence the height of the arch is 8.4 m.
2.

Since PQ  30 m , we have PR  R Q  15 m .
Since O R is the heighest point, we have
O R  10 m .
Hence the co-ordinates of Q is 15,  10 . Take the width of the highway as AB and let

MMA-94488379999 - 20 - XII-Mathematics
 www.nammakalvi.in

the mid point of AB as C and choose it as origin

0, 0 .
Clearly, 2a  16  a  8 and b  5 .
The corresponding equation of the opening
is
x2 y2 x2 y2
 2 1 2  2 1
a2 b 8 5

x2 y 2 Since the bridge seems to be the parabola

   1 ......( 1)
64 25 open downwards, let its equation be
L et P be a point on the base at which the
height of the opening is P R = 4 m. x 2  4a y .....( 1) .
L et CP  h . Then the co-ordinates pf R os Since Q 0.5,  4 is a point on the parabola
( h , 4) . ( 1) , we have

Since R ( h , 4) is a point on the ellipse ( 1) , we 0.52  4a  4 

have 2
1
   4 a 4 
h 2 42 h 2 16 2
 1  1
64 25 64 25 1 1
 4 a 4   4 a 
2 2 4 16
h 16 h 25  16
  1  
64 25 64 25 1
Substituting 4a  in ( i) , we get,
16
h2 9 9  64
   h2  1
64 25 25 x2   y .....( 2)
16
3  8 24
h   4 .8 m D raw a line segment from a point A that is at
5 5 0 .25 m to the right of R on P Q parallel to y- axis,
Clearly the width of the opening and let its meeting point on the parabola be B and
 PQ  2CP  2h  2  4.8  9.6 m ft. the x-axis be C. Then AC  4 m .
L et BC  k . Since O C  0.25 and BC  k , the
3. L et P Q be the span of the water flow. L et us
choose the heighest point on the path of water as co-ordinates of B is 0.25,  k  .
origin O . D raw a line O X parallel to P Q , and Since B 0.25,  k  is a point on the
choose it as positive x-axis. L et the Meeting point parabola ( 2) , we have,
of y-axis and P Q be R.
1
Since PQ  0.5 m , we have PR  R Q  0.5 m . 0.252    k 
16
Since O R is the heighest point, we have
2
O R  4m . 1 k 1 k
      k 1
Hence the co-ordinates of Q is 0.5,  4 . 4 16 16 16
N ow AB  AC  BC  4  1  3 m .

XII-Mathematics - 21 - MMA-9488379999
 www.nammakalvi.in

Hence the height of the arch is 8.4 m. L et AB be its diameter and let C be its
4. midpoint. Since AB  5 m , we have
AC  BC  2.5 m . L et h be the depth of the mirror.
Then co-ordinates of the point A is h , 2.5 .
Since A h , 2.5 is a point on the parabola ( 1) ,
we have,
2.5  2.5 25  25
2.52  4.8 h   h  
4 .8 480
 h  1.30

5. L et AB and CD be two vertical poles of height

16 m. Then AB  CD  16 m . Take the lowest point
on the cable as the vertex and choose it as origin.
D raw a line EF parallel to AC and passing through
V and draw a line V L perpendicular to AC. Then
E F  60 m . G iven VL  3 m  AE  CF  3 m .
Since V is the mid point of EF , we have
L et the V ertex of the parabolic dish be V and
F ocus be F . VE  VF  30 m .
V F = D istance between the vertex and F ocus N ow BE  AB  AE  16  3  13 ft
= 1.2 m
The co-ordinates of B is 30, 13 .
 a  1.2 m
L et the equation of the suspension cable be
L et the equation of the parabolic dish be
x 2  4ay ....( 1)
y  4ax ( or) y  4 1.2 x
2 2
Since B is a point on the parabola ( 1) , we have
( i.e.,) y 2  4.8 x ...( 1) .

MMA - 9488379999 - 22 - XII-Mathematics

 www.nammakalvi.in

900 144 13 16  13 208

30 2  4a 13  4a  u     2.08m
13 900 100 100
900 The height of the pole
2
Then ( 1) becomes, x  y ....( 2)  R S  R U  U S  3  2.08  5.08 m
13
L et P Q and RS be the first two poles fixed at Aliter :
a distance of 6 m and 12m from the L . L et their Take the lowest point on the cable as the
meenting points of EF be T and U respectively. L et vertex V and take the point exactly below the
T Q  k and U S  u . V ertex on the road as origin O . And let us take the
road as x-axis.
Then the co-ordinates of P and Q are 6, k 
Then the coordinates of V ertex is V ( 0 , 3) .
and 12, u  The the cable of suspension can be considered
Since P6, k  is a point on the parabola ( 2) , as the parabola open upward with vertex V ( 0 , 3) .
we have, Then the equation of the suspension cable is

62 
900
k  x  0 2  4a y  3
13
x 2  4a y  3 ....( 1)
36  13 4  13 52
k    0.52m L et AB be a vertical pole whose height is 16 m
900 100 100
and at a distance of 30 m from the vertex. Hence
The height of the pole
the co-ordinates of B is ( 30, 16) . Since B( 30, 16) is
 PQ  PT  T Q  3  0.54  3.54 m
a point on the P arabola ( 1) , we have,
Similarly, S 12, u  is a point on the parabola
302  4a16  3
( 2) , we have,
900
2
27 2  4a16
12  u
13 900
4a 
13

XII-Mathematics ✍- 2✎ MMA - 94883 79999

 www.nammakalvi.in

Substituting the value of 4a in ( 1) , we get,

900
x2   y  3 ..........( 2)
13
L et P Q and RS be two vertical poles at a
distance of 6 m and 12m respectively from the
origin. L et PQ  k and R S  u . Then the co-
ordinates of Q and S are 6, k  and 12, u .
Since Q 6, k  is a point on the parabola ( 2) ,
we get,
900
62  k  3
13
36  13 4  13 52
k 3   
900 100 100
k  3  0.52  k  3  0.52  3.52
Hence height of the pole PQ  3.52 m
Since S 12, u  is a point on the parabola ( 2) ,
we get,
900
12 2  u  3
13
144 13 16  13 208
u 3   
900 100 100
u  3  2.05  u  3  2.08  5.08
Hence height of the pole R S  5.08 m
 m  50  2  100
6 .
L et the center of the hyperbola be at the origin 1 1
Hence l   m   100  50
C. L et the distance between the top of the tower 2 2
and the centre of the hyperbola be l and the Hence, the top of the tower is 50 m above the
distance between the bottom of the tower and the center and the bottom of the tower is 10 0 m below
centre of the hyperbola be m . the center.
L et P Q be the diameter of the top and RS be the
1
G iven that l  m  150 and l  m. diameter of the bottom. L et A and B be the mid
2 points of P Q and RS.
1 Then CA  l  50 and CB  m  100 . L et the
Substituting l  m in l  m  150 , we get,
2 radius of the top be h and and the radius of the
m m  2m bottom be k . Then AP  h and BS  k .
 m  150   150
2 2 Then the co-ordinates of P and S are h , 50
3m 150  2 and k ,  100 .
  150  m 
2 3 The given equation of hyperbola is

MMA-94488379999 - 24 - XII-Mathematics
 www.nammakalvi.in

such that AP  0.3 m .

x2 y2 x2 y2
  1 ( or)   1 ....( 1)
30 2 44 2 900 1936
Since P h , 50 is a point on the given
hyperbola ( 1) , we have
h 2 502 h 2 2500
 1  1
900 1936 900 1936

h2 2500 h 2 1936  2500

 1  
900 1936 900 1936

h 2 4436 900  4436

  h2 
900 1936 1936
30  4436 30  2 1109
h 
44 44
15  33.3 499.5
h   45.4 09  45.41 m
11 11
D iameter of the top
 2h  2  45.41  90.82 m D raw P D perpendicular to x-axis and P C
Since S k ,  100 is a point on the given perpendicular to y-axis.
hyperbola ( 1) , we have Then PD  y and PC  x .
L et m DAP   .
k 2  1002 k 2 10000
 1  1 Then m CPB   .  AD | | PC 
900 1936 900 1936
PD y 10 y
k2 10000 k 2 1936  10000 In  ADP , sin    
 1   AP 0.3 3
900 1936 900 1936
PC x 10 x
In  PCB , cos    
k 2 11936 900 11936 PB 0.9 9
  k2 
900 1936 1936 We know that co s 2   si n 2   1
30  11936 30  4 7 46 2 2
k   10 x   10 y 
44 44     1
 9   3 
30  27 .313 819.39
k   7 4.49 m 100 x 2 100 y 2
11 11  1
D iameter of the bottom 81 9
 2k  2  7 4.49  148.98 m  149 m x2 y2
 1
81 100 9 100
7. L et AB be the rod where A is the end that
which is an ellipse.
touches the x-axis. L et P x, y  be point on the rod

XII-Mathematics - 25 - MMA-9488379999
 www.nammakalvi.in

81 9 9 3
Here a 2  ; b 2 a ; b 
100 100 10 10
Eccentricity of the ellipse is
81 9 7 2
2 2 
a b
e  100 100  100
a 9 10 9 10

6 2 10 6 2 2 2
  
9 10 9 3

8. G iven that the vertex of the parabolic path of 9

water is at the end of the pipe. L et us choose the x2   y ......( 2)
2. 5
vertex to be origin. D raw a vertical line from V ertex
L et Q be the point wher the water strikes the
to the ground and let its meeting point of ground
be L . G iven V L = 7.5 mts. ground. L et L Q = h . Since V L = 7.5m, the co-
ordinates of the point q is h ,  7 .5 .
Since the point Q h ,  7 .5 lies on the
parabola ( 2) , we have,
9
h2    7 .5  h 2  27  h  3 3
2 .5
Therefore, the water strikes the ground
3 3 m beyond the vertical line.
9. L et AB be the span of the proj ectile. L et us
L et P be the point on the line V L that lies 2.5 choose the heighest point on the path of the craker
mts below the vertex. L et P be the point on the as origin O . D raw a line O X parallel to AB , and
flow of part, 2.5 m below the line of the pipe and choose it as positive x-axis. L et the Meeting point
3m beyond the vertical line through the end of the of y-axis and AB be C.
pipe. The coordinates of the point P is 3,  2. 5
Since the flow of water appears to be the
parabola open downwards, let its equation be
x 2  4a y ....( 1)
Since P3,  2. 5 is a point on the parabola ( 1) ,
we have,
9 Since AB = 12 mts, we have AC= CB = 6 mts.
32  4a  2.5  4a  Since V C is the heighest point, we have
2 .5
V C= 4 mts.
9 Hence the co-ordinates of A and B are
Substituting 4a  in ( 1) , we get,
2. 5  6,  4 and 6,  4 respectively.

MMA-94488379999 - 26 - XII-Mathematics
 www.nammakalvi.in

4
y x  12
3
4
Slope of the tangent 
3
If  is the angle of proj ection, then the angle
made by the tangent to the parabola ( 2) at A with
x-axis is also  . We know that the slope of any
Since the path of the racket craker seems to line is the tangential ratio of the angle made by
be the parabola open downwards, let its equation the line with x-axis, we have
be
4 4
tan      tan 1 
x 2  4ay .....( 1) . 3 3
Since B 6,  4 is a point on the parabola ( 1) , 4
we have  The angle of proj ection is tan 1  .
3
36 9
6 2  4a  4   36  16a  a    4a  9 10 . G iven AB  10 km. Take the mid point of
16 4 AB as O and choose it as origin. L et O A sa the
Substituting 4a  9 in ( 1) , we get, positive x-axis. Then O A  O B  5 kms. The co-
x 2  9 y ...( 2) . ordinates of A and B are 5, 0  and  5, 0
The angle of proj ection is the angle made the respectively and let Px , y  be the point where the
tangent to the parabola ( 2) at A. sound of an explosion is heard.
The equation of tangent at x1 , y1  is given It is given that AP  BP  6 kms.
by,
1
( i.e.,) x  52   y  02  x  52   y  02 6
xx1  9   y  y1 
2 x  52  y 2
 6 x  52  y 2
9
xx1    y  y1  Squaring on both sides,
2
Equation of tangent at A 6,  4 is
x  52  y 2  36  x  52  y 2  12 x  52  y 2
9 x 2  10 x  25  y 2
x  6     y  4 
2
 36  x 2  10 x  25  y 2  12  x  52  y 2
9
 6x    y  4
2  20 x  36  12 x  52  y 2
3
2x   y  4  45 x  9   12 x  52  y 2
2
4 x  3  y  4  5 x  9   3 x  52  y 2
4 x  3 y  12 Squaring on both sides, we get,
3 y  4 x  12 5 x  92  9 x  52  y 2 

XII-Mathematics - 27 - MMA-9488379999
 www.nammakalvi.in


25 x 2  90 x  81  9 x 2  10 x  25  y 2  6,  k  .
Since B 6,  k  is a point on the parabola ( 2) ,
25 x 2  90 x  81  9 x 2  90 x  225  9 y 2
we have,
25 x 2  9 x 2  9 y 2  225  81 45
62    k 
2
16 x 2  9 y 2  144
36  2 8
x2 y 2 k   1 .6
 1 45 5
9 16
N ow AB  AC  BC  10  1.6  8.4 m .
which is a hyperbola.
Hence the height of the arch is 8.4 m.
3.
Student V ersion :
1.

Equation of the parabola :

Equation of the parabola : L et its equation of water flow be
L et its equation of bridge be x 2  4a y .....( 1) .
x 2  4a y .....( 1) . P oint on the parabola : Q 0.5,  4
P oint on the P arabola : Q 15,  10 Since Q 0.5,  4 is a point on the parabola
Since Q 15,  10 is a point on the ( 1) , we have
parabola ( 1) , we have 0.52  4a  4 
152  4a  10 2
1
225  4a 10    4 a 4 
2
225 45
4a   1
 4 a 4   4 a 
1
10 2 4 16
Equation of parabola : Equation of the parabola :
45
Substituting 4a  in ( i) , we get, Substituting 4a 
1
in ( i) , we get,
2 16
45
x2   y .....( 2) x2  
1
y .....( 2)
2 16
P oint on the parabola : P oint on the parabola :
L et BC  k . Then the co-ordinates of B is L et BC  k . Since O C  0.25 and BC  k , the

MMA-94488379999 ✏- 2✑ XII-Mathematics
 www.nammakalvi.in

co-ordinates of B is 0.25,  k  . 144 13 16  13 208

u     2.08m
Since B 0.25,  k  is a point on the 900 100 100
parabola ( 2) , we have, The height of the pole  3  2.08  5.08 m
1
0.252    k  8.
16
2
1 k 1 k
      k 1
4 16 16 16
N ow AB  AC  BC  4  1  3 m .

5. Equation of P arabola : x 2  4ay

P oint on the P arabola : 30, 13
900
30 2  4a 13  4a 
13
900
Equation of the P arabola : x 2  y ....( 2)
13
P oint on the P arabola : 6, k 
900
62  k
13
36  13 4  13 52
k    0.52m
900 100 100
The height of the pole  3  0.54  3.54 m
P oint on the P arabola : 12, u 
900
12 2  u
13

XII-Mathematics - 29 - MMA - 94883 79999

 www.nammakalvi.in

Equation of parabola :
Since the flow of water appears to be the
parabola open downwards, let its equation be
x 2  4a y ....( 1)
P oint on the parabola : P 3,  2.5
Since P3,  2. 5 is a point on the parabola ( 1) ,
we have,
9
32  4a  2.5  4a 
2 .5
Equation of the parabola :
9
Substituting 4a  in ( 1) , we get,
2. 5
9
x2   y ......( 2)
2. 5 Angle of P roj ection :
P oint on the parabola : Q h ,  7 .5 The angle of proj ection is the angle made the
Since the point Q h ,  7 .5 lies on the tangent to the parabola ( 2) at A.
parabola ( 2) , we have, The equation of tangent at x1 , y1  is given
by,
9
h2    7 .5  h 2  27  h  3 3 1
2 .5 xx1  9   y  y1 
Therefore, the water strikes the ground 2
9
3 3 m beyond the vertical line. xx1    y  y1 
2
9. Equation of parabola :
Since the path of the racket craker seems to Equation of tangent at A 6,  4 is
be the parabola open downwards, let its equation 9
be x  6     y  4
2
x 2  4ay .....( 1) . 9
P oint on the parabola :  6x    y  4
2
The co-ordinates of A and B are  6,  4 and
3
6,  4 respectively. 2x   y  4
2
Since B 6,  4 is a point on the parabola ( 1) , 4 x  3  y  4
we have 4 x  3 y  12
36 9 3 y  4 x  12
6 2  4a  4   36  16a  a    4a  9
16 4
4
Equation of P arabola : y x  12
3
Substituting 4a  9 in ( 1) , we get,
x 2  9 y ...( 2)

MMA-94488379999 - 30 - XII-Mathematics
 www.nammakalvi.in

4
Slope of the tangent  5  5 2  3 
2
3  2   2       3   19  9
2  2 2 
4 4
tan      tan 1  . Squaring on both sides, we get,
3 3
2
Exercise 5.6 5   5 2  3 
2
  2     2   
    3   19  9
2   2 2 
1. The given equation of the circle is 2
3 
2 2
x  y  5 x  6 y  9   ( 4 x  3 y  19)  0 0     3   19  9
2 
x 2  y 2  5 x  6 y  9  4 x  3 y  19  0 9 2
0   9  9  19  9
4
x 2  y 2  4  5x  3  6 y  9  19  0
9 2
Here 2 g  4  5 ; 2 f  3  6 ; c  9  19   10  0
4
5 3
g  2  ; f    3 ; c  9  19 9 2  40  0
2 2
 9  40  0
40
  0 ( or)    Ans : ( 1)
9

2b 2
2. G iven that  8  b 2  4a .....( 1)
a
1 1
Also 2b  2ae   2b  ae  b  ae ......( 2)
2 2
Substituting ( 2) in ( 1) ,
2
1  1
  4a  ae   4a
2
 ae
2  4
5 3 
Centre   g ,  f     2 , 3   
2 2  ae2  16a .....( 3)
Radius  r  g 2  f 2  c N ow from b 2  ae2  a 2 , we get,

2 2 4a  16a  a 2
 5 3 
  2       3   19  9 a 2  16a  4a
 2  2 
Since y-axis is a tangent to the given circle, a 2  12a
the point of contact lies on y-axis. Since the radius a  12
through the point of contact is perpendicular to N ow b 2  4a  412  48
the tangent, we have,
D istance between centre and y-axis a2  b 2 12 2  48 144  48
= radius of the circle e  
a 12 12
Abscissa of centre = radius of the circle

XII-Mathematics - 31 - MMA-9488379999
 www.nammakalvi.in

192 8 3 2 3 2 10  m
    Ans :( 3) 5  5
12 12 3 3 5

3. The given equation of the circle is  25  10  m  25

 35  m  15 Ans : ( 4)
x2  y 2  4x  8 y  5  0
4. The given circle touches the x-axis at 1, 0 ,
Here 2 g  4 ; 2 f  8 ; c  5 x-axis is a tangent to the circle and and the normal
g  2 ; f  4 ; c  5 line at the point 1, 0 is x  1 . Since every normal
Centre   g ,  f   2, 4 passes through the centre of the circle, center is a
point on this line and hence we can assume it as
Radius  r  g 2  f 2  c 1, k  . Moreover the distance between the centre
  22   42   5 1, k  and the point of contact 1, 0 is radius, we
 4  16  5  25  5 units. have the Radius of the circle is k .
The equation of the circle is
2
 x  12   y  k 2  k
 x  12   y  k 2  k 2
Since it passes through the point 2, 3 , we
have,
2  12  3  k 2  k 2
1  9  6k  k 2  k 2
10  6k  0
The given equation of line is 10 5
k 
3x  4 y  m  0 6 3
D istance between the line and the centre 5 5
Hence Radius  k  
C 2, 4 of the circle 3 3

32  44   m 6  16  m 5 10
Hence D iameter  2   Ans : ( 3)
d  
2 2 9  16 3 3
3 4
5. The given equation of circle is
 10  m  10  m  10  m
   3x 2  b y 2  4b x  6b y  b 2  0
25 5 5 Since the above equation represents a circle,
The given line intersects the circle at two We have
points if
Co-efficient of x 2 = Co-efficient of y 2
d  r
3b
10  m
 5 Then equation of the circle becomes,
5
3x 2  3 y 2  12 x  18 y  9  0

MMA-94488379999 - 32 - XII-Mathematics
 www.nammakalvi.in

7. The given equation of the circle is

x2  y 2  4x  6 y  3  0
x2  y 2  2x  2 y  1  0
Here 2 g  4 ; 2 f  6 ; c  3
g  2 ; f  3 ; c  3 Here 2 g  2 ; 2 f  2 ; c  1
g  1 ; f  1 ; c  1
Centre   g ,  f   C  2, 3
Centre   g ,  f   C 1, 1
Radius  r  g 2  f 2  c The given equation of the line is
2x  4 y  3
 2 2   32  3
2 1
 4  9  3  10 Ans : ( 3) Slope of the line  
4 2
6 . The given equations of straight lines Since the normal is parallel to the given line,
x 2  8 x  12  0 we have
1
  8   82  41 12 Slope of the normal  
x 2
21
Since every normal is passing through the
8 64  48 8  112 8  4 7 centre of the circle, this normal is a line passing
  
2 2 2 1
through C 1, 1 with slope  .
2
 4 2 7
Hence the required equation of the normal is
and y 2  14 y  45  0 y  y1  m  x  x1 
y 2  9 y  5 y  45  0 1
y 1    x  1
y  y  9  5  y  9  0 2
 y  9   y  5  0 2 y  2  x 1
x  2y  3 Ans : ( 1)
y  9 ( or) y  5
8. The given equation of the ellipse is
Hence the vertices of the square formed by
these lines are 4  2 7 ,5 , 4  2 
7 ,5 , 16 x 2  25 y 2  400 ( or)
x2 y 2
 1
25 16
4  2  
7 , 9 , 42 7 , 9.
Here a 2  25 ; b 2  16; a  5; b  4
The centre of the circle inscribed in this square
is the mid point of the diagonals. PF 1  PF 2  length of maj or axis
Centre = Mid point of 4  2 7 , 5 and   2a  2( 5)  10 Ans : ( 3)

4  2 7 ,9  9. The given equation of diameters are

x  y  6 .......( 1)
 42 7  42 7 59 x  2 y  4 .....( 2)
  , 

 2 2  Centre is the meeting point of diameters.

 8 14 
  ,   4 , 7  Ans : ( 1)
2 2 

XII-Mathematics ✒✒
- ✓ MMA-9488379999
 www.nammakalvi.in

Solving ( 1) and ( 2) ,
11. The given equation of parabola is y 2  4 x .
( 1)  2  2 x  2 y  12
Here 4a  4  a  1 . O ne end of the latus
( 2)  x  2y  4 rectum is La , 2a   L 1, 2 .
subtracting  x  8
The equation of normal at L 1, 2 is
Substituting x  8 in ( 1) , we get,
xy1  2ay  x1 y1  2ay1
8  y  6  y  2
x 2  2 1 y  12  212
Hence the centre is 8,  2 
2x  2 y  6
Radius of the circle is the distance between
x  y  3 ......( 1)
the centre of the circle C 8,  2 and a point on the
The Slope of normal is  1 .
circle P 6, 2 . The given equation of circle is
Hence Radius  8  62   2  22  x  32   y  22  r 2

Centre of the circle is C 3,  2 .

 2 2   42  4  16
L et us find the equation of the line passing
 20  2 5 Ans : ( 2) through the Centre of the circle C 3,  2 and
y2 x2 perpendicular to the normal.
10 . The foci of the hyperbola 2   1 are
a b 2

F  ae, 0  F   a 2  b 2 , 0  .
 
y2 x2
The foci of the hyperbola 2   1 ( or)
a b 2
y2 x2
  1 are F 0,  b e  F  0,  b 2  a 2  .
b 2
a 2  

L et a 2  b 2  c . Then a 2  b 2  c 2 .
N ow the vertices of the quadrilateral ( foci of
both the hyperbolas) taken in order are A c , 0 ,
B 0, c  , C  c , 0 and D 0,  c  .
The area of the quadrilateral
1 c 0 c 0 c Then the slope of the required line is 1.

2 0 c 0 c 0 The equation of the required line is
y  y1  m  x  x1 

1 2
2

c  0  c2  0  c2  0  c2  y  2  1 x  3



2

 4c 2  2c 2  2 a 2  b 2  Ans : ( 2)
x  y  5 ....( 2)
L et us find the point of intersection of ( 1) and
( 2) which is point of contact of the normal to the

MMA-94488379999 - 34 - XII-Mathematics
 www.nammakalvi.in

parabola to the given circle.

0 42 42
( 1)  ( 2)  2 x  8  x  4   1  1  b 2  42  b  4
a2 b 2 b 2
Subsituting x  4 in ( 1) , we get,
Since the ellipse is passing through 3, 2  , we
4  y  3  y  1
have,
Hence the point of contact is P4 ,  1 .
N ow Radius of the circle 32 22 9 4
  1   1
a 2 42 a 2 16
r  CP  3  42   2  12
9 1 9 1
 2   1  2  1
  12   12  11  2 a 4 a 4

Then r 2  2 . Ans : ( 1) 9 3 9 4
 2   a2 
12. The given equation of parabola is y 2  12 x . a 4 3

Here 4a  12  a  3 .  a 2  12
The given equation of line is y   x  k Hence the required equation of ellipse is

Here m  1 ; c  k . x2 y 2
 1
The condition so that the line y  mx  c is a 12 16

normal to the parabola y 2  4ax is

c  2am  am3
k  2 3 1  3 13
k  639 Ans : ( 4)

x2 y 2
13. The ellipse E 1 :  1
9 4
Here a 2  9 ; b 2  4; a  3; b  2
We know that  a  x  a and  b  y  b .
Hence  3  x  3 amd  2  y  2
Hence the ellipse E 1 is inscribed in a rectangle
whose vertices are 3, 2  ,  3, 2  ,  3,  2 and
3,  2 .
L et the required equation of ellipse be
Eccentricity of the ellipse is
x2 y2
 2  1 ....( 1)
a2 b b 2  a2 16  12 4 1
e   
Since the ellipse is passing through 0, 4 , we b 4 4 2
have, Ans :( 3)

XII-Mathematics - 35 - MMA-9488379999
 www.nammakalvi.in

14. The given equation of hyperbola is


and F 2  ae, 0   F 2  7 , 0 . 
2 2
x y The equation of the circle having centre at
 1
9 4 0, 3 is of the form
Here a 2  9 ; b 2  4; a  3; b  2  x  02   y  32  r 2
The given equation of line is
x 2   y  32  r 2 ......( 1)
2 x  y  1 ( or) y  2 x  1
Slope of the given line is 2. Since the tangent Since the circle is passing through  
7 , 0 , we
is parallel to the given line, slople of the tangent is have,
also m  2 .
 7 2  0  32  r 2
We know that c 2  a 2 m 2  b 2
7  9  r 2  r 2  16
c 2
 9 22  4  36  4  32
Subsitituting r 2  16 in ( 1) , we get,
Hence c   32   4 2 .
x 2   y  32  16
P oint of contact : If c  4 2 , then,
x 2  y 2  6 y  9  16  0
 a 2m
 b 2   9 2  4 
,     ,  x2  y 2  6 y  7  0 Ans : ( 1)
 c c   4 2 4 2

16 Circle C : Centre C11, 1 and radius r 1  1 .

 
9
,
1 
 Circle T : Centre C2 0, y 
 2 2 2 Since the circle T is passing through the
Case ( ii) : If c  4 2 , then origin, distance between origin and its centre is
radius of the circle T.
 a 2m
 b 2   9 2  4  Moreover the distance between the centre
,     , 
 c 
c   4 2 4 2  0, y  and the origin 0, 0 is r2 y .



 9 1  C1C2  1  02  1  y 2  1  1  y 2
,  Ans: ( 3)
2 2 2 Since the two circles C and T touches
15. The given equation of the ellipse is externally, we have
C1C2  r 1  r 2
x2 y 2
 1
16 9 1  1  y 2  1  y
Here a 2  16 ; b 2  9 ; a  4 ; b  3 Squaring on both sides, we get,
1  1  y 2  1  y 2
a2  b 2 16  9 7
e  
2
a 4 4 11 2 y  y2  1 2 y  y
7
ae  4   7 1 2 y  y2  2 y  y2
4
F oci of the ellipse : F 1 ae , 0  F 1 7 , 0  1 2 y  2 y

MMA-94488379999 - 36 - XII-Mathematics
 www.nammakalvi.in

As 1 2 y cannot be 2 y , we must have Then L ength of the rectangle  2a cos

1 2 y  2 y and B readth of the rectangle  2b sin  .
Area of the rectangle
1
4y 1 y   L  B  2a cos  2b sin 
4
 2ab 2 sin  cos
1 1  2ab sin 2
Radius  y   . Ans :( 4)
4 4 The Area of this rectangle is maximum only
3 if sin 2 is maximum. We know that the maximum
17. G iven that e  and 2ae  6  ae  3
5 value of sin 2 is 1.
3 Maximum Area  2ab 1  2ab sq. units.
N ow a   3  a  5 . Ans :( 1)
5
19. Since F B F ’ is a right angle triangle with
b 2  a 2  ae 2  52  32  25  9  16  b  4 vertices, F ae, 0, B 0, b , F '  ae, 0 .

F B ae  02  0  b 2  ae2  b 2

BF '   ae  0 2  0  b 2  ae 2  b 2
Applying P ythagoras theorem,
F B 2  BF ' 2  F ' F 2
2 2
 ae2  b 2  ae2  b 2
  2ae
2
  
   

ae2  b 2  ae2  b 2
 4ae2

2 ae 2  2b 2  4ae 2

ae 2  b 2
 2 ae 2
Area of the quadrilateral
b 2  2 ae 2  ae 2
1 1
  d 1  d 2   AA'  BB'
2 2 b 2  ae2


1
 2a   2b   2ab a 2  ae 2  ae2
2
a 2  2ae2
 2  5  4  40 square units.
18. L et AB CD be a rectangle inscribed in the a 2  2a 2e 2
x2 y2 1
2e 2  1  e 2 
e
1
ellipse 2  1. Ans : ( 1)
a b 2 2 2
We know that any point on the ellipse is given 20 . The given equation of the ellipse is
by a cos , b sin   , let one of the vertex be y2
 x  32   y  42 
A a cos , b sin   . 9

XII-Mathematics - 37 - MMA-9488379999
 www.nammakalvi.in

2
 y 2 4  4  4k  k 2  k 2
 x  32   y  42   
1
 3  12  0 2 8  4k  0  4k  8  k  2
Comparing the above equation with the Hence the required equation of circle is
equation of the conic  x  32   y   22   2 2
x  x1 2   y  y1 2  e 2 lx 2my 2n 
2
 x  32   y  22  4
l m  When x  5 and y  2
we get,
F oci of the ellipse : S 3, 4 5  32   2  22  22  02  4
 Hence the coordinates of the point 5,  2
D irectrix : y  0 and eccentricity e  satisfies the equation of the circle. Hence the circle
3
Ans : ( 2) is passing through the point 5,  2 .
21. The given equation of parabola is y 2  4 x . Ans : ( 3)
23. L et the given point S  2, 0 and let the
Here 4a  4  a  1 .
D irectrix of the given parabola is 9
distance between P x , y  and the line x   be
x  a  0  x 1  0 2
We know that the locus of the point of P M.
intersection of perpendicular tangents is the 2 SP 2
directrix, the locus is the directrix x  1  0 . G iven that SP  PM  
3 PM 3
Ans : ( 2)
2
22. The given circle touches the x-axis at 3, 0 , e
1
3
x-axis is a tangent to the circle and and the normal
Hence the locus of the point P describes an
line at the point 3, 0 is x  3 . Since every normal ellipse.
passes through the centre of the circle, center is a 24. The given equation of hyperbola is
point on this line and hence we can assume it as
x2 y 2
3, k  . Moreover the distance between the centre  1
9 16
3, k  and the point of contact 3, 0 is radius, we
Here a 2  9 ; b 2  16; a  3; b  4
have the Radius of the circle k .
The given equation of line is
The equation of the circle is
y  mx  2 5
2
 x  32   y  k 2  k Here c  2 5 .
 x  32   y  k 2  k 2 The condition so that the line y  mx  c be
Since it passes through the point 1,  2 , we y2x2
a tangent to the hyperbola 2   1 is
have, a b 2
1  32   2  k 2  k 2 c2  a 2m2  b 2
 22  2  k 2  k 2 2 5 2  9m2  16
MMA-94488379999 ✔✕
- ✖ XII-Mathematics
 www.nammakalvi.in

20  16  9m 2
9m 2  36  m 2  4  m  2
Since x  2 are the roots of the equation,
x 2  a  b  x  4  0
we have
Sum of the roots  2  2  0
( ab )  0 Ans : ( 3)
25. The given equation of circle is
x 2  y 2  8x  4 y  c  0
Here 2 g  8 ; 2 f  4  g  4 ; f  2
Centre   g ,  f   C 4, 2 
O ne end of the diameter is A 11, 2 . L et the
other end point be B x , y  .
Since the mid point of diameter is centre, we
have,
Mid point of AB = Centre of the circle
 11  x 2  y 
 ,   4 , 2
 2 2 
Equating the corresponding coordinates,
11  x 2 y
 4 and 2
2 2
11  x  8 and 2  y  4
x  8  11 and y  4  2
x  3 and y  2
Hence the other end point is B  3, 2  .
N o option is available.

Prepared by :

P.C. Senthil Kumar,

Marushikaa Maths Academy,
Shevapet, Salem,
Tamilnadu - 636 002.
Phone : 94422 39990, 94883 79999.

XII-Mathematics - 39 - MMA-9488379999
 www.nammakalvi.in

MMA-94488379999 - 40 - XII-Mathematics