Background:

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, commonly known as Mahatma Gandhi, was born on October
2nd, 1869, in Porbandar, India. He studied law in London and became a prominent leader in
India's struggle for independence from British rule. Gandhi is renowned for his philosophy of
nonviolent resistance, which he called Satyagraha, and his advocacy for civil rights, social
justice, and communal harmony. His life and teachings have inspired movements for civil rights
and freedom across the world.

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Aims:
Gandhi’s primary aim was to achieve independence for India from British colonial rule without
being violent. He aimed for a society that was based on truth non-violence, religious and ethnic
harmony. Ghandi envisioned a world where every individual would be treated equally regardless
of their social status, religion or race.
Methods:

1. Gandhi Arriving In India (Satyagraha Campaign): When Gandhi came back to India from
South Africa in 1915, he started using a peaceful way to protest called Satyagraha, which
means 'truth-force.' He organized campaigns like the Champaran and Kheda Satyagrahas to
help poor farmers who were treated unfairly by British landlords. These movements were the
beginning of his peaceful fight against British rule.

2. Gandhi Turning Against British Rule (Amritsar Massacre): In 1919, a tragic event called the
Jallianwala Bagh massacre happened in Amritsar, where British soldiers shot unarmed people.
Gandhi was deeply upset by this and became even more against British rule. He spoke out
against this violence, and it made many more people want to fight for independence without
using violence.

3. Declaration of Independence and the Salt March: In 1930, Gandhi started the Salt March to
protest against British laws that made it illegal for Indians to make salt. He and thousands of
others walked to the sea and made salt there, breaking the law peacefully. This protest got a lot
of attention and showed the world that Indians were serious about wanting independence.

4. Released from Prison and Taking Part in British-run Conference: After being put in jail many
times for his protests, Gandhi was let out of prison in 1931 to join a conference in London about
India's future. Even though he took part, he insisted that India should be free to govern itself.
But the conference didn't really solve anything because the British government didn't want to
give India independence.

5. The 'Quit India' Movement: In 1942, Gandhi started the Quit India Movement, asking the
British to leave India. He told Indians to protest peacefully and said they should be ready to risk
everything for their freedom. Many people joined in, but the British government arrested
thousands of protestors, including Gandhi. Even though there was a lot of trouble, this
movement made India's desire for independence even stronger, and eventually, the British had
to leave in 1947.

Lasting Legacy:

Mahatma Gandhi's impact still shines brightly today as a symbol of peace and fairness. He
taught us to stand up for what's right without using violence. His ideas inspired many
movements for equal rights and justice all around the world. Gandhi believed in treating
everyone with kindness and making sure everyone's needs were met. His lessons remind us to
be kind, strong, and always seek the truth. Gandhi's legacy teaches us that even one person
can make a big difference in making the world a better place.