PROFESSIONAL

ADJUSTMENT

WILFREDA MONETTE B. MORAN,MAN

 PROFESSION
▪ An occupation or calling requiring advance training, and
▪ Experience in some specific or specialized body of knowledge,
▪ Provides service to society in that special field;
(Webster’s Dictionary)

❑ NURSING - An occupation requiring a unique body of knowledge and skills and which serves
society

❑ PROFESSIONAL NURSE
❖ A person who has completed a basic nursing education program
❖ Licensed in his/her country or state to practice professional nursing
❖ ACES
CRITERIA OF A PROFESSION (William Shepard)
A profession must:
1. Satisfy an indispensable social need and must be based upon well established and socially accepted scientific
principles.
2. Demand adequate pre-professional and cultural training.
3. Demand the possession of a body of specialized and systematized training.
4. Give evidence of needed skills which the public does not possess; that is skills are partly inherent and partly
acquired.
5. Have developed a scientific technique which is the result of a tested experience.
6. Require the exercise of discretion and judgment as to time and manner of the performance of duty.
7. Have a group of consciousness designed to extend scientific knowledge in technical language.
8. Have sufficient self-impelling power to retain its members throughout life. Not be used as a stepping to other
occupations.
9. Recognize its obligations to society by insisting that its members live up to an established code of ethics.
Definition of Professional Nurse
•A professional nurse is person who has completed a basic nursing
education program and is licensed in his/her country or state to
practice professional nursing.

•Philippine Nursing Act of 1991 (R.A 7164) has been repealed by

the PHILIPPINE Nursing Act of 2002 (R.A. 9173)
NURSING PRACTICE
▪Primary responsibility promotion of health and prevention of illness
▪Collaborate with other health care providers
▪Curative o Preventive
▪Rehabilitative aspects of care
▪Restoration of health o
▪Alleviation of suffering
▪Towards a peaceful death
 DUTY OF THE NURSE
❑ Provide nursing care of the families, individuals, and community through the utilization of the nursing
process by
▪ Assessing, the client’s healthcare status
▪ Planning, with client and/or significant others the nursing action based on identified needs and
problems
▪ Implementing appropriate nursing interventions
▪ Modifying intervention
▪ Evaluating the results of nursing interventions accordingly based on criteria established.
▪ Therapeutic use of self o Executing health care techniques and procedures
❑ Communicate effectively at all levels of healthcare in various settings by:
❑ Applying “ therapeutic use of self”
❑ Documenting and reporting observations, responses to nursing actions, and
❑ Relating with clients, families, communities, and groups and members of the health teaching.
Duty of Nurse ,Cont..
❑Utilize the elements of management in any healthcare setting by
❑ Utilizing management process in the delivery of health care.
❑ Participating in the formulation and implementation of policies, and
❑ Working independently and/or in collaboration and implementation with others on
matters on matters promoting a
better quality of life.
❑ Utilize research findings in the care of client
❑ Assume responsibility for personal and professional growth and development by
❑ Promoting professional and personal growth
❑ Accepting accountability for professional action
❑ Participating in the solution of health/social problems.
Ecclesiastes 9:10

“Whatever your hand find to do, do

it with all your might.”
The BSN program intends to produce a
professional nurse:
❑Caring behavior ( compassionate, competent and committed.
❑Ability to practice legal, ethico-moral, social responsibilities and
accountabilities
❑ Critical and creative thinking
❑Skill in practicing S-K-A and values for promotion of health
,prevention of illness, restoration of health alleviation of suffering
,assisting clients to face death.
 QUALIFICATIONS AND ABILITIES OF A
PROFESSIONAL NURSE
❖ Professional Preparation
The professional nurse must:
Have a license to practice nursing in the country;
Have Bachelor of Science degree in nursing; and
Be physically and mentally fit
❖ Personal Qualities and Professional Proficiencies
Interest and willingness to work and learn
Warm personality and concern for people
Resourcefulness and creativity, well balanced emotional condition
Capacity and ability to work cooperatively with others
Skill in decision making, communicating, and relating with others and being research oriented
Competence in performing work through the use of nursing process
Active participation in issues confronting nurses and nursing
LICENSE
•A legal document given by the government that
permits a person to offer to the public his or
her skills and knowledge in a particular
jurisdiction
 REGISTRATION
• Is recording of names of persons who have qualified under the law to practice their
respective profession.
• Nurse’s information contains in the registration book:
1. Full of name of registrant;
2. Number and date of registration
3. Age,sex, and place of birth
4. Place of business
5. Post office address
6. Name of school, college or university from which registrant graduated
7. Date of such graduation or term of study
Registration required:
❑ Registration by Reciprocity
• Philippine Nursing Act of 2002, RA 971, Section 12 and 20 state that license to practice nursing shall be
issued to those who pass by reciprocity.
• Reciprocity – means mutuality in the grant and enjoyment of privileges between persons or nations.
(p.11)
❑ Registration by examination
o To quality: be citizen of the Philippines, good moral character and BSN degree
o Required documents for the NLE exam:
o Original TOR with SO;
o RLE
o OR/DR
o (Where applicable: Birth certificate,Marriage)
o Fee for exam and registration
o Scope of examination are: Fundamentals of Nursing, Maternal and Child Nursing, Community health Nursing,
Nursing Adeloscents, adults and aged and Mental health and Psychiatric Nursing, including Anatomy and
Pysiology, pharmacology and therapeutic, microbiology and Diet therapy.
Rating of the NLE
•75% but not below sixty percent.
•But, gets below sixty (60) % in any subject , must take examination again
only subject rated below 60% AND GET 75% on repeat subject.
•Oath-taking of Nurses
•Annual registration- shall pay a fee for three years on every professional
birth month on the expiry year.
•PRC resolution number 2004-179 series of 2004 entitled “ Standardized
Guidelines and Procedures for the Implementation of the Continuing
Professional Education for Professionals” (CPE)- 60 units/credits for 3 years
REVOCATION or SUSPENSION OF
CERTIFICATES of REGISTRATION
• As provided by the Philippine Nursing Act of 2002 RA 9173, Section 23, the Nursing Board of PRC shall have
the power to revoke or suspend on any of the following grounds:
1. For any cause mentioned in section 22 of RA 9173
2. For unprofessional and unethical conduct;
3. For gross incompetence or serious ignorance;
4. For malpractice or negligence in the practice of nursing;
5. For the use of fraud, deceit, or false statements in obtaining a certificate of registration/professional license or a
temporary/special permit;
6. For violation of this act, the implementing rules, and regulations , Code of ethics for nurses, and code of
technical standards for nursing practice, policies of the board and commission, or the conditions and limitations
for the issuance of the temporary/special permit;or
7. For practicing his/her profession during his/her suspension from such practice.
CHOOSING, RETAINING,
RESIGNING AND
DISMISSAL FROM A
POSITION
GUIDELINES in CHOOSING A FIELD OF
NURSING
▪ Qualification. What is your educational qualification? Does it fit the job you are applying for?
▪ Years of Experience and Training. Are your training and experiences relevant to the position
you are applying for?
▪ Age and physical Condition. Most employers prefer young nurses for beginning positions. On
the other hand, older nurses may feel uneasy to start anew in staff positions but may feel
comfortable in administrative positions if qualified.
▪ Emotional Stability and Goals in Life. How is your emotional life? Can you be calm under
stress? Do you get along well with people? What is your primary aim in going to nursing: earn
money or have satisfaction of helping people?Your own objectives and philosophy in life will
determine to a great extent the kind of field you wish to get into.
FACTORS IN SELECTING A FIELD OF
NURSING
1. Kind of work to be performed
2. Availability for the work
3. Hours of work
4. Qualifications
5. Opportunities for advancement
6. Methods of entering
7. Earning
8. Fringe benefits
9. Other benefits

YOU ARE FREE TO CHOOSE THE FIELD OF NURSING YOU WISH TO ENTER,
CHOOSE WISELY!
USEFUL POINTERS IN MAKING A
LETTER of APPLICATION
1. Use clean, white, unlined paper. If you are working in an agency, do not use the agency’s stationery
with letterhead.
2. Use ink or ballpen in writing. You may want to type the type letter if you so prefer.
3. Use proper salutation. Preferably know the name of the person to whom the letter is to be addressed.
4. Observe proper margin and paragraphing. Use good English and correct spelling.
5. Write in a courteous manner. Ask permission has been granted, write a letter of thanks especially if the
desired position was obtained.
6. Enclose return postage so that the person to whom the letter is addressed will be encouraged to reply
and will not have to spend for postage in doing so.
A letter of application usually contains the
following facts:
1. Source and purpose
• The first paragraph usually contains the source of information concerning the vacancy and the nurse’s intent to apply to the
position.

2. Qualifications
• The second and third paragraphs must contain the applicant’s applications, the school or college from where he/she graduated,
and the year of graduation. Experience and training along the field applied for may also be included.

3. Reference.
• At least three names of persons who have given consent to the use of their names may be used as reference
background. ( former principals or deans, leading persons in community, parish priest or a minister of one’s
church, a professional nurse or one’s former instructor.
4. A request for a personal interview, if time and distance permits, is usually indicated in the last
paragraph.
 PERSONAL INTERVIEW
1. Make an appointment either by mail or telephone.
• The nursing office or Personnel division schedules time to conduct interview. It is seldom that on-the-spot interviews are given.

2. Be at the place at the appointed time.

• It is necessary therefore that you start early from your place so that you are at the agency ten to fifteen minutes before the time so you can relax and
appear unhurried. Do not come during breaks or mealtime.

3. Know something about the institution where you will apply so that you can answer questions intelligently.
• Be prepared to answer questions that are likely to be asked.
4. Be at your best.
5. Knock before you enter.
6. Bring credentials such as your registration card, residence certificate, tax account number and the like.
7. Ask questions about the job.
8. Thank the interviewer for giving you some of his or her time.
9. Give yourself time to think about the position.
10. If the prospective employer does not answer, you may write a follow-up letter stating your interest in the position.
RETAINING A POSITION
1. Have adequate knowledge and preparation for the job.
2. Have a well-developed personality. Cultivate a pleasing appearance.
3. Develop good interpersonal relationship with your co-workers by:
a. Being enthusiastic in, and dedicated to your work and being sincere and considerate to others. Practice the GOLDEN
RULE;
b. Being tactful and dependable. Practice self-control.
c. Developing ability to adhere to social amenities and being socially compatible.
d. Having self-confidence and being cheerful.
e. Offering help when needed,
4. Develop proficiency in communication, both an oral and written forms.
5. Be able to adjust to working conditions and to life patterns characteristic of particular occupations and
communities.
6. Keep abreast with advances in medicine, nursing, and related sciences by reading professional literature and
attending activities of professional organizations.
Causes of Failure
1. Incompetence or the lack of required ability and knowledge for the particular job;
2. Poor interpersonal relationships, lack of cooperation with co-workers , dishonesty, boastfulness, and
inability to get along with people.
3. Personality defects such as imprudence in choosing friends, insincerity, conceit, sarcasm, lack of tact,
envy, discourtesy, being too argumentative, apathy towards work or being too sensitive,
4. Inadequate knowledge in social conduct, too little time for relaxation and recreation, unwholesome or
unwise choice of recreation; and
5. Indifference to need for professional growth, always finding reason for not attending professional
meetings or joining the professional organization.
LIVING WILLS OR ADVANCE
DIRECTIVE
❑Accept or refuse any treatment, service or procedure used to
diagnose or treat physical or mental condition
❑Decision to provide or withhold life-sustaining measures
❑This living will is signed by the patient
❑Witnessed by two other persons who is not designated as the
person’s health care representative
❑Directive has force of law
MORAL AND SPIRITUAL
RESPONSIBILITIES OF
NURSES
MORAL PRINCIPLES
❑ The golden rule :
❑ Do unto others what you would like others do unto you
❑ The two fold effect : May have bad and good effect
• Action Must be morally good
• Good effect must be willed and the bad effect merely allowed
• Good effect must not come from an evil action
• Good effect must be greater than the bad effect
❑ The Principle of Totality - The whole is greater than any of its part
❑ Epikia - Exception to the general rule
❑ One who acts through an agent is himself responsible
 Moral Principle continue…
❑ No one can force any person to answer a question if such will incriminate him/her
❑ The end does not justify the means
• Giving sleeping tablets to someone who has chronic illness is morally wrong

❑ Defects of nature may be corrected

• Corrected by plastic surgery

❑ If one is willing to cooperate in the act, no injustice is done to him/her

• With patient’s consent

❑ A little more or less does not change the substance of an act Stealing
❑ The greatest good for the greatest number
Have more good effects for more people than a smaller group
❑ No one is held to the impossible
Do not promise impossible things
❑ The morality of cooperation
Formal cooperation is an evil act and never allowed
❑ Principle relating to the origin and destruction of life
Thou shall not kill
GOOD SAMARITAN LAW
•A nurse who renders first aid or treatment at the
scene of an emergency and who does so within the
standard of care, acting in good faith, is relieved of
the consequences.
 THE CODE OF
ETHICS FOR
FILIPINO NURSES
DEFINITION AND MEANING OF LAW
The sum total of rules and regulations by which society is governed
o Man mad regulates social conduct in a formal and binding way
o Rule of conduct pronounced by controlling authority and which may be enforced
o Authority or right to declare that the rule exists
o Rule is pronounced or expressed
❑ Source can be defined
o A right to enforce the same must be provided
o Controlling authority in our system is the government
o Fundaments law of the government is the constitution
❑ Principal sources of pronouncements
o Constitution
o Statutes or legislations
o Executive branch
❑ Case decision/judicial opinions
o Presidential decrees
o Letters of instructions
RESONSIBILITY AND ACCOUNTABILITY FOR
THE PRACTICE OF PROFESSIONAL NURSING
Professional Negligence o Commission or omission of an act,
pursuant to a duty
❑Existence of a duty on the part of the person charged to use due care
under circumstances
❑Failure to meet the standard of due care
❑The foresee ability of harm resulting from failure to meet the
standard
❑The fact that the breach of this standard resulted in an injury to the
plaintiff
Elements of Professional Negligence
1. Existence of a duty on the part of the person charged to use due care under circumstances
2. Failure to meet the standard of due care
3. The foreseeability of harm resulting from failure to meet the standard
4. The fact that the breach of this standard resulted in an injury to plaintiff

Common acts of Negligence

• Burns resulting from hot water bags, heat lamps, vaporizers, sitz bath, object left inside the patient’s body
such as sponges, suction tips, loose dentures lodged in the patient’s trchea, falls of the elderly, confused,
unconscious. Sedated patient, or those who are not fully recovered from anesthesia, falls of children
whose side rails of beds were not pulled up and locked, and failure to observe and take appropriate action
as needed.
CODE OF GOOD GOVERNANCE
❑ Service to others
• Commitment to a life of sacrifice and genuine selflessness in carrying out their professional duties
• Integrity and Objectivity
• Perform their responsibilities with the highest sense of integrity •

❑ Professional Competence : Knowledge, technical skills, attitudes and experience

o Solidarity and teamwork
❑ Maintain and support one professional organization
o Social and Civic Responsibility
❑ Shall always carry out their professional duties with due consideration of the broader interest of the public
o Global Competitiveness
o Shall remain open to challenges of a more dynamic and interconnected world
o Equality of All professions o Shall treat their colleagues with respect and strive to be fair in their dealings with
one another
AMENDED CODE OF ETHICS FOR
NURSES
• Section 3 Republic Act No. 877 known as the Philippine Nursing Law and Section 6 of P.D No. 223 the amended
Code of Ethics of Nurses
• Article I
• Preamble- health is a fundamental right of every individual
• Article II
• Values, customs and spiritual beliefs held by individual shall be represented
• Consider the individuality and totality of patients when they administer care
• Article III
• Human life is inviolable
• Quality and excellence in the care of patients are the goals of the nursing practice
• Accurate documentation of actions and outcomes of delivered care is the hallmark of nursing accountability
• Article IV
• The registered nurse is in solidarity with other members of the healthcare team in working for the
patient’s best interest
• Article V
• Preservation of life, respect for human rights and promotion of healthy environment
• Promotion in local, national, and international efforts to meet health and social needs of the people
• Article VI
• Maintenance of loyalty to the nursing profession and preservation of its integrity are ideal
• Article VII
• The certification of registration of the registered nurse shall either be revoked or suspended for violation
of any provisions of this code
RESONSIBILITY AND ACCOUNTABILITY FOR
..cont..
Article 19 of the civil code
• One shall act with justice, give every man his due, observe honest and good faith
Article 20
• Those who in the performance of their obligations through negligence causes any injury to another, are liable for damages
❑ Common acts of negligence
▪ Burns resulting from hot water bags, heat lamps, vaporizers, sitz bath
▪ Objects left inside the patient’s body; sponges suction tips, loose dentures lodged in the patient’s trachea
▪ Falls of the elderly; confused, unconscious, sedated patients o Falls of children whose bed rails were not pulled up and locked o
Failure to observe and take appropriate action
▪ Failure to report observations to attending physicians
▪ Failure to exercise the degree of diligence which the circumstances of the particular case demands
▪ Mistaken identity- drug given to the wrong patient o Wrong medicine, wrong concentration, wrong route, wrong dose o Defects
in the equipment
▪ Errors due to family assistance o Administration of medicine without a doctors prescription
LEGAL ASPECTS
AND THE NURSE
• RESPONSIBILITY - is explained as the obligation to perform duties, tasks or roles using sound professional
judgement and being answerable for the decisions made in doing this.
• ACCOUNTABLITY
• Accountability of the nurse to the patient, physician or to the public has a reference to the quality of nursing care she renders
• A contractual obligation which the nurse assumed exposes her a certain degree of accountability; term accountability carries the idea of
sanction or penalty.
• The American Nursing Association (ANA) has a code states that the nurse will assume accountability for nursing judgment and actions.
• Accountable to whom? Watson(1995) and Clark (2000) says that the nurse is accountable to:
• Patient through a duty of care, underpinned by a common-law duty to promote safety and efficiency, and legal responsibility
through civil law;
• Management as defined by your contract of employment and job description
• Medical professional
• SUBPOENA – an order from court
• Duces Tecum (papers) – document , materials, chart
• Ad Testificadum(person) –witness
• DO’s and Don’t of Charting:
• Do’s – F-Full, factual and accurate, L-legible, I-immediately after procedure, P-personal notes, not delegated
• DON’TS – L- language – unacceptable, I – Improper corrections, S – Spaces, skips, A- avoid using too much abbreviations
 Jurisprudence in Nursing Practice
• Imprudence – deficiency of action; lack of skill
• Negligence - lack of foresight; deficiency of perception
Specific Examples:’
1. Failure to report observations to attending physicians.
2. Failure to exercise the degree of diligence which the circumstances of the particular case demands.
3. Mistaken identity.
4. Wrong medicine, wrong concentration, wrong route, wrong dose
5. Defects in the equipment such as stretchers and wheelchairs may lead to falls thus injuring the patients.
6. Errors due to family assistance.
7. Administration of medicine without a doctor’s prescription.
1. Common Acts of Negligence
1. Burns: Hot water bags, heat lamp, heating pads, vaporizers, sitz bath
2. Objects left inside the patient’s body: sponges, suction tip, loose dentures in the patient’s trachea
3. FALLS: Side rails of bed were not pulled up and locked, those who are confused, unconscious, sedated patients, or
those who are not fully recovered from anesthesia.
• Malpractice – implies the idea of improper or unskillful or unethical conduct by a professional, resulting harm, injury
or death of another person (De Belen et al. Nursing law and Jurisprudence 2007)
- Failure to follow a reasonable professional standard of care, thereby resulting to injuring the patients. Also
denotes stepping beyond one’s authority with serious consequences.
• Specific examples of malpractice:
• 1. Misdiagnosis of an illness, failure to diagnose or relay diagnosis
• 2. Birth Injuries
• 3. Surgical Complications
• 4. Prescription errors
• 5. Failure to provide treatment
• 6. Anesthesia related complications
• 7. Failure to follow advance directive
• 8. Failure of hospital or pharmacy to dispense the right medicine and dosage
• Giving of anesthesia by a nurse or prescribing medicines.
Liability for work of Nurse Trainees and
Nurse Volunteers
•There are thousands of nursing graduates and they go on training
for at least 3 months to one year. Opportunities to work abroad
often require experience of at least on year in hospitals, hence their
willingness to volunteer.
•Since nurses are responsible and accountable for their practice,
nurse volunteers should exercise utmost caution, critical thinking
and independent judgment to prevent incurring liabilities.
(Venzon,M. et al.2010)
Liability of Nurses for the Work of Nursing
Aides
•Nursing Aides perform selected nursing activities under the direct
supervision of registered nurse. Registered nurses should not
delegate their functions to nursing aides since the Philippine
Nursing Act specifies the scope of nursing practice of professional
nurses. If a nurse delegates her functions to a nursing aide and the
latter commits a mistake then the person responsible is the nurse.
Liability for the Work of Nursing Students
1. Nursing students should always be under the supervision of their CI.
2. They should be given assignments that are at their level of training, experience, and competency.
3. They should be advised to seek guidance especially if they are performing procedure for the first time
4. They should be oriented to the policies of the nursing unit where they are assigned.
5. Their performance should be assessed frequently to determine their strengths and weaknesses.
6. Frequent conferences with the students will reveal their problems which they may want to bring to the attention
of their instructors or vice-versa. Discussion of these problems will iron out doubts and possible solutions may
be provided.
7. However, it must be emphasized that although nursing students are not employees of the hospital, they are
entrusted with the responsibility of providing supervised nursing care to patients.
THE DOCTRINE OF RES IPSA
LOQUITUR
•Injury was of such nature that it would not normally occur
unless there was negligent act
•Injury was caused by an agency within control of the
defendant
•Plaintiff himself did not engage in any manner that would
tend to bring about the injury
DOCTRINE OF FORCE MAJEURE
• Irresistible force; unforeseen or inevitable
•No person shall be responsible for those events
which cannot be foreseen
•Floods fire, earthquakes
DOCTRINE OF RESPONDEAT
SUPERIOR

•Let the master answer for the acts of the subordinate

• The liability is expanded to include the master as well as

the employee
• INCOMPETENCE - Lack of ability, legal qualifications
or fitness to discharge the required duty
•PROFESSIONAL NEGLIGENCE – refers to the
commission or omission of an act, pursuant to a duty, that a
reasonably prudent person in the same or similar
circumstance would or would not do,
 CONSENT TO MEDICAL AND
SURGICAL PROCEDURES
• Consent o Free and rational act that presupposes knowledge of the thing to which
consent is being given by a person who is legally capable to give consent o Signed by
the patient or authorized representative/legal guardian o An authorization by a patient
or a person authorized by law to give the consent on the patient’s behalf o Nurse
secures the consent of the patient upon admission
• Informed Consent o Established principle law that every human being of adult years
and sound mind has the right to determine what shall be done with his own body o
May choose whether to be treated or not
• Proof of Consent o A written consent should be signed to show that the procedure is
the one consented to and that the person understands the nature of the procedure
 Telephone Orders
The use of a telephone is a non emergency as a substitute for the physician himself can lead to serious errors and may border on malpractice.
Only in an extreme emergency and when no other resident or intern is available should a nurse receive a telephone orders.
- The nurse should read back such order to the physicians to make certain the order has been correctly received and written on patient’s
chart.
- Such order should be signed by his physician on his/her next visit within 24 hours
- The nurse should sign the name of physician per her own and note the time the order was received.
- Should any problem arise, the order should refer back to the ordering physician
- It is safer when a telephone order is given, another resident physician or intern in the same service should receive it.
Doctors order rule :
General rule - no telephone order
• “Whatever is not written is not an order”
• Exception – Emergency!
• After MD says order – repeat instruction on phone
• Have resident MD sign within 24 hrs! Administer meds.
• When MD arrives – have him counter sign his order
Consent to Medical and Surgical Procedures
• Consent – free and rational act that presupposes knowledge of the thing which consent is being given by a person
who is legally capable to give consent.
Nature of consent is an authorization, by patient or a person authorized by law to give the consent on the patient’s
behalf
Informed consent – it is established principle of law that every human being of adult years and sound mind has the
right to determine what shall be done with his own body.
Proof of consent – a written consent should be signed to show that the procedure is the one consented to and that
the person understands the nature of the procedure.
Who must consent – the patient is the one who gives the consent in his own behalf.
Consent of minors- parents or someone standing in their behalf, give the consent to medical or surgical treatment.
Consent of Mentally Ill – a mentally incompetent person cannot legally consent to medical or surgical treatment.
The consent must be taken from the parents or legal guardian.
Intentional Wrongs
TORT - A legal wrong, committed against a person or property independent of a contract which renders
the person who commits it liable for damages in a civil action
Examples:
• Assault
• Imminent threat of harmful or offensive bodily contact
• Unjustifiable to touch another person or to threaten to do so
• Battery
• An intentional, unconsented touching of another person
• False Imprisonment of Illegal Detention
• Unjustifiable detention of a person without a legal warrant within boundaries
• Invasion of Right to Privacy and breach of confidentiality
• Right to privacy is the right to be left alone
• Right to be free from unwarranted publicity
• Exposure to public view
• Divulge information from patient’s chart to improper sources or unauthorized person
•Defamation- character assassination; communication that is false
and results in injury to the patient
•Slander-oral defamation of a person by speaking unprivileged or
false words by which his reputation is damaged.
•Libel- written words, cartoons or such representations that cause a
person to be avoided, ridiculed in contempt or tend to injure him in
his work.
• There must be a third person who hears or read the comment before it can be
considered defamation
 CRIMES, MISDEMEANORS, and FELONIES
• CRIME – is an act committed or omitted in violation of the law
Two elements
❑ Evil/criminal intent - States of mind of a person at the time the criminal act is committed that he/she knows that an act is not
lawful and still decide to do it anyway.
❑ Criminal Actions - Acts or offenses against public welfare
• MISDEMEANOR – is a general name for a criminal offense which does not in law amount of felony. Punishment is usually a fine or
imprisonment for a term of less than one year.
• Felony – is committed with deceit and fault. A deceit exists when the act is performed with deliberate intent and there is fault when the
wrongful act result from imprudence, negligence, or lack of skill or foresight.
• Conspiracy to commit a crime exists when or more persons agree to commit a felony and decide to do it, either:
❑ Principals - who take a direct plan/part
❑ Accomplices- cooperate in the execution
❑ Accessories- having knowledge of the commission of the crime
❑ Criminal negligence – crime committed by means of fault (culpa)
Kinds:
❑ Reckless imprudence- person does an act or fails to do an act resulting to injuries or death due to inexcusable lack of precaution
❑ Simple imprudence- did not use precaution or lack of precaution, and the damage was not immediate or the impending danger was not
evident or manifest
Classes of Felonies
1. Grave felonies/offense– are those to which the law is attaches the capital punishment (death) or penalties which
in any of their periods are afflictive (imprisonment ranging from six (6) years) or 1 day to life imprisonment or a fine not
exceeding P6,000.00)
❑ 1st Offense: punishable with suspension without pay for six months and 1 day to 1 yr; 2nd offense punishable
with dismissal
• Oppression, Disgraceful/immoral conduct, Incompetent/inefficient, Habitual absenteeism – exceeds 2.5 days monthly
allowable leave for at least in 3 months in a semester or at least 3 consecutive months in a year, Habitual tardiness –
regardless of the number of minutes, 10 times a month for at least 2 months in a semester or at least 2 consecutive months in
a yr., Refusal to perform duty; Gross insubordination; Financial interest in any transaction requiring the approval of his
office; Engaging in the private practice of his profession unless authorized by law; Disclosing confidential information
2. Less grave felonies – those which the law punishes with penalties which in their maximum period are correctional
(imprisonment ranging from 1month and one day to six years or fine not exceeding P6,000.00 but not less than P200)
❑ 1st offense punishable with suspension without pay for 1 month and 1 day to 6 months; 2nd offense, punishable
with dismissal
• Simple neglect of duty, Simple misconduct, Gross discourtesy in the course of official duties, Gross violation of civil service
law, Insubordination, Habitual drunkenness, Discrimination, Failure to file assets and liabilities.
3. Light felonies – are those infractions of law for the commission of which penalty of arresto menor
(imprisonment for 1 day to 30 days or a fine not exceeding P200 or both which are imposed.
❑ 1st Offense :punishable with reprimand; 2nd offense punishable with suspension without pay for 1
day to 30 days; 3rd offense punishable with dismissal
• Discourtesy, Unauthorized solicitation from subordinates, Violation of office rules, Gambling, Refusal to
render overtime, Disgraceful, immoral and dishonesty prior to entering the service, Borrowing money
from subordinates, Lending money at usurious rates of interest, Willful failure to pay debts and taxes;
Failure to process documents and complete action in documents.
 CIRCUMSTANCES
AFFECTING CRIMINAL
LIABILITY
Justifying Circumstances
• A person may not incur criminal liability or free from criminal liability under the following circumstances:
• Self-defense
• Unlawful aggression
• Reasonable necessity of
• Means employed prevent/repel it
• Lack of sufficient provocation
• On the person defending himself

• Defense of relatives - up to 4th degree by consanguinity; that in the case of provocation was given by the
attacked, that the one making defense had no part therein
• Defense of a stranger - defending not induced by resentment, revenge or other evil motive
• Who acts in fulfillment of a duty or in a lawful exercise of a right or office
• Who acts in obedience to an order by a superior for some lawful purpose
EXEMPTING CIRCUMSTANCES
• No criminal liability only civil liability
1. Mistake of fact - (ignorantia facti excusat) must be committed in good faith or under an honest belief
2. An insane or imbecile unless acted during lucid interval
3. Under 9 years of age
4. Over 9 under 15, unless acted with discernment
5. While performing a lawful act with due care causes an injury by mere accident without fault or
intention of doing it
6. Who acted under the compulsion of an irresistible force from a third person
7. Impulse of uncontrollable fear of an equal or greater injury
8. Insuperable or lawful cause
Mitigating Circumstances
- Accompanying or accessory condition, event, or fact that may be considered by the considered by the
courts as reducing the degree of culpability or liability of the accused.
1. Under 18 or over 70
2. No intention to commit so grave a wrong
3. Sufficient provocation or threat on the part of the offended party immediately preceded the act
4. Voluntary surrender
5. Deaf, dumb or blind or suffering from physical defect
6. Such illness that would diminish the exercise of his will power
7. Committed in the immediate vindication of a grave offense to the one committing the felony, his/her
spouse, ascendants, descendants, legitimate, natural or adopted brothers or sisters, relative by
affinity within the same degree
8. Acted upon an impulse so powerful as naturally to have produced an obfuscation
Aggravating Circumstances
- Refers factors that increases the severity or culpability of a criminal act.
1. Advantage of public position
2. In contempt or insult to public authorities
3. Abuse of confidence or obvious ungratefulness
4. Committed on occasion of epidemic, conflagration, shipwreck or other calamity or misfortune
5. In consideration of a price or reward or promise
6. Committed by means of fire, explosion, stranded of a vessel
7. With evident premeditation
8. Craft, fraud or disguise
Alternative Circumstances
• Either mitigating or aggravating
1. Relationship, intoxication, degree of education
2. Education is not mitigating in rape, forcible abduction, arson, treason, seduction, acts of lasciviousness,
heinous crimes.
 Nurses and Crimes
• Murder - is unlawful killing of human being with intent to kill.
• Homicide – is the killing of a human being by another. It may committee without an intent, by any person who kills
another , other than his father, mother, or child or any of his ascendants or descendants or his spouse,
• Abortion – expulsion of the product of conception before the age of viability(3-6mos)
• Infanticide – is killing the child less than three days of age.
• Parricide – crime committed by one who kills his/her father
• Robbery – crime against a person or property. Example: when a nurse takes the patient’s cash or jewelry while the latter
is sleeping.
• Controlled Substances – Republic Act known as Dangerous Drug Act 0f 1972 covers the administration and regulation
of the manufacture, distribution and dispensing of controlled drugs.
• Sexual harassment - words, gestures actions which tend to annoy and verbally abuse another person
• Simulation of birth - crime against status by substitution of one child with another; concealing or abandoning any
legitimate child with intent to lose civil status
 Points to Observe in Order to Avoid Criminal Liability
1. Be very familiar with the Philippine Nursing Law
2. Be aware of laws that affect nursing practice. “Ignorance of the laws excuses no one”
3. At the start of employment, get a copy of your job description, the agency’s rules, regulations and policies.
4. Upgrade your skills and competence.
5. Do not delegate your responsibility to others.
6. Determine whether your subordinates are competent in the work you are assigning them.
7. Develop good interpersonal relationships with your co-workers whether they be your supervisors, peers, or subordinate.
8. Consult your superiors for problems that may be too big for you to handle.
9. Verify orders that are not clear to you or those that seem to be erroneous.
10. The doctors should be informed about the patient’s conditions
11. Keep in mind the value and necessity of keeping accurate and adequate records.
12. Patients are entitled to an informed consent.
WILLS
Definition:
• A legal declaration of a person’s intentions upon death
• Testamentary document takes effect after the death of its maker
Decedent- person whose property is transmitted through the succession whether or not he left a will
• If he left a will he is called a testator
• Woman is testatrix
Heir- called to succession either by the provision of a will or by operation of law
• A person who dies leaving a will is said t have died testate
• One who dies without will is said to have died intestate
• Validation of the will in a court is known as probate
• A will which is written, dated and signed by the testator is called holographic will
• An oral will is called nuncupative will or nuncupation - made during the person’s last illness, that it be done in the place in
which he died, one or more witnesses to the will
Testator must have the expressed intention of making a will
• Must be right of age
• Under 18 cannot make a will
• Required to have sound mind
• Think clearly ability at the time of its execution
Gifts
•FOUR LEGAL REQUIREMENTS FOR GIFTS
1. The gift must consist of personal property
2. There must be an intention to make the gifts.
3. There must be an indication of transfer of control over
such property; and
4. There must be acceptance by the recipient.
NURSES OBLIGATIONS IN THE
EXECUTION OF A WILL
•The nurse should note the soundness of the patient’s mind
•There was freedom from fraud or undue influence
•Make a notation on the patient’s chart of the apparent
mental and physical condition of the patient at the time of
making the will
LAWS GOVERNING
THE PRACTICE OF
NURSING
• First law – Act No. 2493 of 1915
- this act provided for the examination and registration of nurses in the Philippine Island.
• Act 2808 of 1919 – known as the first True Nursing Law – 1920 first board examination in
the Philippines.
• The Philippine Nursing Law, otherwise known as Republic Act 877 on June 19, 1953.
• Republic Act 4704 on June 18, 1966 amended certain portion of RA 877.
• Republic Act 7164, was known as the Philippine Nursing Act of 1991
• Proclamation No. 539 dated October 17,1958 designated the last week of October of every year,
beginning in 1958, as Nurse’s Week.
• Presidential Decree No. 223 issued on June 23,1973 created the PRC and prescribed its powers and
functions.
• Republic Act 1612 stated that a privilege tax shall be paid before any business or occupation.
• RA 7392 amended RA 2644 known as Midwifery Law.
• Philippine Nursing Act 0f 2002, RA 9173, Rule V Nursing Practice, Sec 28. Scope of Nursing Practice
• Republic Act 2382, known as the Philippine Medical Act.
• Republic Act 5181, act prescribes permanent residence and reciprocity as qualifications for any
examination or registration for practice of any profession in the Philippines.
• Presidential decree 542 allows former Filipino professionals to practice their respective professions in the
Philippines.
• Republic Act 6425 in 1972 known as the Dangerous Drugs Act.
• Act No.3573 in 1929ndeclared that all communicable diseases shall be reported to the nearest health
station.
• Republic Act 1082 which was approved on June 1954 and amended by RA 1891 on June 1957 provided
for the creation of rural health units.
• Republic Act 4973 liberalizes the treatment of leprosy
• Presidential Decree 996 requires compulsory immunization for children below eight years of age against
communicable diseases.
• Presidential Decree 825 provides penalty for improper disposal of garbage and other forms of uncleanliness.
• Presidential Decree 856, the Code of Sanitation, provides for control of all factors in man’s environment that
affect health including the quality of water, food,milk,control of insects, animal carriers
• Presidential Decree No. 148 amending RA 679 (Woman and Child Labor Law) state that the employable age
and for privileges of working women.
• Republic Act 6365 established a National Policy on Population and created the Commission on Population
(POPCOM)
• Presidential Decree No. 965 requires that couples intending to get married must first undergo a family planning
and responsible parenthood instruction prior to issuance of a marriage license.
• Republic Act No. 1054 requires the owner, lessee or operator of any commercial, industrial or agricultural
establishment to furnish free emergency, medical and dental attendance to his employees and laborers.
• Republic Act 4226, known as the Hospital Licensure Act, requires all hospitals in the Phil. to be licensed.
• Presidential decree 442 known as the Labor Code of the Philippines provides workers the right to
self-organization and collective bargaining.
• Presidential Decree 651- the registration of birth of child within 30 days with Civil Registrar
• Republic Act 6675 or the Generic Act of 1988, an act to promote, require and ensure the production of an
adequate supply of , distribution ,use and acceptance of drugs and medicines. Medicines are prescribed in
generics.
• Republic Act 6758 standardizes the salaries of government employees( include nursing)
• Republic Act 6713 known as “Code of Conduct and Ethical Standards for Public Officials and
Employees”
• Republic Act 7160 or the Local Government Code transfer responsibility for delivery of basic services
and facilitates of the national government to the local governmen units.
• Republic Act 7305 – “Magna Carta for Public Health Workers.”
• Republic Act o7600 or the Rooming-in and Breastfeeding Act of 1992 provides that babies born in
private and government hospitals should be roomed-in with their mothers to promote breastfeeding and
ensure safe…
• Republic Act 7432 or the Senior Citizen’s Act gives honor and justice to our people’s long tradition of
giving high regard to our elderly. It entitles the elderly to a 20% discount.
 BASIC LAWSUITS
OR LEGAL ACTIONS
 Three Basic Lawsuits or Legal Actions in Nursing Practice
(Philippines)
1. Criminal Law – the branch of law which defines crimes treats of their nature and provides for their
punishment. It covers offenses resulting to injuries or deaths of patients.
• The principal legal document in the study of Criminal Law in the Philippines is Act No. 3815, as amended, otherwise known as the Revised
Penal Code (RPC), which was approved on December 8,1930. RPC is the law defines crimes, treats of their nature, and provides for their
punishment

2. Civil Law - the branch of law that pertains to the organization of the family and the regulation of
property.
• Republic Act 386, popularly called the New Civil Code (NCC), is principal legal document in the study of civil law in the Philippines on
August 30,1950. It covers the following aspects of human life: person and family relations, property rights ownership, the modes of acquiring
ownership, obligations and contracts, and special contracts.

3. Administrative Law – the branch of law which deals with the activities or functions of executive or
administrative agencies such as the “departments, bureaus, ”boards” or “commission”, or all other offices under
the administrative supervision of the office of the president, which are created and vested by law with
quasi-judicial, quasi-legislative and executive powers.
• Executive Order No. 292 is the principal law in the study of administrative law in the Philippines. The late former President Corazon Aquino
promulgated E.O No. 292 dated July 25, 1987, otherwise known as the Administrative Code of 1987.
Other Laws
•Common Law: Common law is law that results from previous legal
decisions. They are based on legal precedent. (Berman and Synder, 2012)
•Statutory Law: Statutory law is law that is passed by a legislative body
such as the state's legislature or the US Congress. (Berman and Synder,
2012)
•Constitutional Law: Constitutional law is law that is included in the
Constitution of the United States of America and its amendments.
(Berman and Synder, 2012)
CONTRACT
CONTRACT
▪Meeting of minds between two persons whereby one binds
himself, with respect to other, to give something or to
render some service
▪A promise or a set of promise which the law recognizes as
a duty and when that duty is not performed the law
provides a remedy
1.
Kinds of Contracts
Formal contract – refers to an agreement among parties involved and is required to in
writing by some special lawyer.
2. Informal contract – is one in which is concluded as the result of a written document
or where the law does not require the same to be in writing
3. Express contract – is one of in which conditions and terms of the contract or in
writing by the parties concerned.
4. Implied contract – is one that is concluded as a result of acts of conduct of the
parties to which the law ascribes an objective intention to enter into contract.
5. Void contract – is one that is inexistent from the very beginning and therefore may
not be enforced,
6. Illegal contract – is one that is expressly prohibited by law.
 Breach of Contract
• Breach of contract is failure to perform an agreement , whether expressed r implied ,
without cause.

The following constitute breach of contract for nursing service:

1. Prevention of performance
2. Failure to perform because of inconvenience or difficulty.
3. Failure of cooperation in performance
4. Abandonment of duty, (ex. Leaving unconscious patients, going off-duty without
endorsement, loafing while on duty)
5. Substitution of performance.
6. Failure to use due care.
 Advantages of Written Contracts
1. It is certain. It avoids the uncertainty of human memory.
2. It can specify a definite time within which it is binding so as to protect both sides against sudden changes
without notice.
3. It sets a standard and relieves an individual professional person from haggling over compensation.
4. It is more likely to be open and well-known so that the use of written contracts tends to establish
minimum standards for professional practitioners and to protect them against discrimination in
compensation.
5. It is definite and can be definite on many details which may otherwise stimulate favoritism or caprice
even among professionals.
6. It can provide a definite procedure in case of complaints about substandard work, so that the employer
has a clear course and the professional nurse has protection against arbitrary action.
7. It creates a minimum of certainty and security for the professional employee.
NURSING ETHICS
NURSING ETHICS

•Ethics came from the Greek word ETHOS which means

moral duty
•Standard to examine and understand moral life
• Guides of human conduct provided by ethical systems
Morality
❑ Specific ways of behaviour or of accomplishing ethical principles
❑ Greek work MORALIS which refers to Social consensus about moral conduct
for human beings and society

❑ Morality is the quality of human acts where the acts could either be right and
good,
• Health Care ethics
• Division of ethics that relates to human health
BIOETHICS
❑Specific domain of ethics that focuses on moral issues in
the field of health care
❑Result of life and death dilemmas faced by health care
practitioners
❑Systematic study of human behaviour in the field of life
science and health care in the light of moral values and
principles
How people make judgement in regard to
right or wrong
❑ Critical reflection about morality and rational analysis about it
❑JOHNSTON- examination of all ethical and bio-ethical issues from
the prospective of nursing theory and nursing ethics
❑VERCOE et.al - the fields of nursing ethics be focused on the needs
and experiences of practicing nurses, the exploration of its meaning
and that of ethical practice in terms of the perception of these
nurses.
NURSES CODE OF ETHICS
•Adopted under RA 9173 and Promulgated by the BON under
resolution no. 220 series of 2004 last July 14, 2004

ELEMENTS of the CODE

1. Nurses and people
2. Nurses and practice
3. Nurses and profession
4. Nurses and co-workers
5. Nurses and society and environment
ETHICAL PRINCIPLES
AND
OTHER APPROACHES
TELEOLOGICAL APPROACH
▪ Greek word TELOS or goal or end
▪The right thing to do is the good thing to do
▪Act utilitarianism- good resides in the promotion of happiness or
the greatest net increase of pleasure over pain
▪If the act helps people, then it is a good act
▪If the act hurts people then it is a bad act
FLETCHER’S GUIDELINES FOR MAKING
ETHICAL DECISIONS
1. Consideration for people as human beings
2. Consideration of consequences
3. Proportionate good to come from the choices
4. Propriety of actual needs over ideal or potential needs
5. A desire to enlarge choices and reduce chance
6. A courageous acceptance of the consequence of the decision
DEONTOLOGICAL APPROACH OR
DUTY ORIENTED THEORY
❑Basic rightness or wrongness of an act depends on the intrinsic
nature rather than upon the situation or its consequences
❑Greek word DEON meaning DUTY
❑Immanuel Kant- rational human being with freedom and social
worth.
❑ A person is morally good and admirable if his actions are done
from a sense of duty and reason
 W.D ROSS- PRIMA FACIE DUTIES-
❑ WHAT ONE SHOULD DO WHEN OTHER RELEVANT FACTORS IN A
SITUATION ARE NOT CONSIDERED
❑ Duties of fidelity- telling the truth, keeping promises
❑ Duties of reparation- righting the wrong we have done to others
❑ Duties of gratitude- recognizing the service others have done for us
❑ Duties of justice- preventing distribution of pleasure or happiness that is not in keeping
with the merit of people involved
❑ Duties of beneficence-helping to better the condition of other beings
❑ Duties of self improvement- bearing ourselves with respect to virtue or intelligence
❑ Duties of nonmaleficence- avoiding or preventing injury to others
VIRTUE ETHICS APPROACH
❑ARETIC, Greek word ARETE, heart of the person
performing the act
❑Traits and virtues of a good person, courage,
temperance, wisdom, and justice
 DIVINE COMMAND ETHICS
❑ Supreme or divine that sets down rules to provide
guidance to moral decisions
 IFL
•Leviticus 22:31” So you shall keep My commandments, and do them; I am
the Lord.”
•Deuteronomy 6:1-2
“Now this is the commandment, the statutes and the judgments which the
Lord your God has commanded me to teach you, that you might do them in
the land where you are going over to posses it, so that you and your son and
your grandson might fear the Lord your God, to keep all His statutes and His
commandments which I command you, all the days of your life, and that your
days may be prolonged.
 UNIVERSAL PRINCIPLES OF
BIOMEDICAL ETHICS
❑ To determine right or wrong in regard to value issues
❑ Autonomy- Greek word AUTOS meaning self and nomos meaning governance o
▪ Self determination
▪ Freedom to choose and implement one’s decision o Informed consent
▪ Allowing the patient to refuse treatment if he decides so
▪ The person making the decision must be deemed competent, intellectual capacity, legal age
❑ Veracity
▪ Health care providers are bound to tell the truth
❑ Beneficence
▪ Promotes the doing acts of kindness and mercy that directly benefit the patient
PATIENT’s BILL OF RIGHTS
Considerate and respectful care
Relevant, current and understandable information o Make decisions regarding his care plan
Have advance directive (living will) concerning treatment or designating surrogate decision maker.
Every consideration of his privacy such as in case discussion, consultation and tx
Confidentiality of communications and records
Review his records concerning his medical care
Be informed of business relationship among the hospital educational institution
Consent or decline to participate experimental research affecting his care
Reasonable continuity of care when appropriate and be informed of other care options
Be informed of hospital polices and practices
NONMALEFICENCE-
❑To do no harm
❑Not assisting in or performing abortion
❑Not to assist people to commit suicide
❑Be involved in mercy killing
 JUSTICE
❑The right to demand to be treated justly, fairly and
equally
Responsibilities of Nurses to the Patients

•Give the patients the of care their needs

regardless of their race, creed, color,
nationality or status.
Patient’s Responsibilities
1. Providing information.
2. Complying with instruction. A patient is responsible for
complying with the treatment plan recommended by the physician.
3. Informing the physician of refusal to treatment
4. Paying hospital charges.
5. Following hospital rules and regulations.
6. Showing respect and consideration
NURSES’ BILL OF RIGHTS
❑Registered nurses promote and restore health
❑Prevent illness
❑Protect the people entrusted to their care
❑Alleviate suffering
❑Provide services that maintain respect for human dignity
Basic Human Rights of Research Subject
1. Right to inform consent
2. Right to refuse and/or withdraw from participation
3. Right to confidentiality or Anonymity of Data.
4. Right to privacy
5. Right to be protected from harm.
 Responsibilities of the Nurse to the
Physician
1. Provide nursing care through the utilization of the nursing
process
2. Not only carry out doctor’s order but help plan and
implement patient care.
3. Patient condition should be reported including the results of
therapies.
Responsibilities of the Nurse to the
Physician
4. if any medical orders were not carried out for some
reasons shall be brought to the attention to the physician and
properly noted in the patient’s chart.
5. Nurses shall familiarize themselves with the various
routines, methods or idiosyncrasies of physicians
Responsibilities of Nurses to their
Colleagues
•Nurses shall adjust themselves to the organization and
know its policies and procedures.
•They shall establish good working relationships with
co-workers. If one has grievance he/she should bring it to
the attention of the proper authority rather than talk about it
with others who may not be able to help.
Responsibilities of Nurses to their
Colleagues
•Nurses know their place in the total organization so that they
may cooperate, coordinate and maximize their work. Loyalty
and consideration of others while at work will foster these
relationship.
•When nurses see their colleagues neglect their duties or are
incompetent shall be brought to the attention of the immediate
supervisor or appropriate authority within agency setting before
any life could be endangered.
Responsibilities of Nurses to Themselves
• Their conduct must bring credit to the profession.
• Nurses are looked upon with respect in the community. They shall therefore
endeavor to live a life that will uphold their self-respect.
• Especially when nurses are on duty, they shall try to look neat and clean.
Female nurses are advised to use moderate make-up and have neat hair style.
They shall wear uniforms that are neither too short nor tight-fitting that will
tend to restrict movement, nor expose unnecessarily any part of the body while
giving care to the patients. Clean uniforms and clean bodies tend to enhance
the image of nurses.
 Responsibilities of Nurses to Themselves
•Use of anti-perspirant is advised most especially during hot summer
months. (refer to ANSAP dress code)
•Male nurses are likewise to be clean-shaven, with hair clipped close to
the nape instead of flowing to the shoulders.
•The use of uniform shall be specified in the policy of the hospital or
agency. It shall be worn only when on duty. Dining in public, shopping
or going to the market while in uniform is discouraged. Nurse’s caps are
worn only while on duty.
 Responsibilities of Nurses to Themselves
•Jewelry such as earrings, necklaces or bracelets are not worn
while on duty. However, wedding rings, school rings or school
pins may be worn.
•Nurses are looked upon by nursing students as their role
models. Therefore, especially while they are on duty, they must
act in a manner that is worth emulating. Sincere and
compassionate attitudes towards patients are caught by those
around them.
 The ICN CODE ETHICS FOR NURSES
• An international code of ethics for nurses was first adopted by the International Council of Nurses (ICN) in 1953.
It has been revised and reaffirmed at various times since, most recently with this review and revision completed in
2012.

PREAMBLE:
• Nurses have four fundamental responsibilities: to promote health, to prevent illness, to restore health and to
alleviate suffering. The need for nursing is universal. Inherent in nursing is a respect for human rights, including
cultural rights, the right to life and choice, to dignity and to be treated with respect. Nursing care is respectful of
and unrestricted by considerations of age, colour, creed, culture, disability or illness, gender, sexual orientation,
nationality, politics, race or social status. Nurses render health services to the individual, the family and the
community and coordinate their services with those of related groups.
The ICN Code of Ethics for Nurses has Four Principal
Elements:
1. NURSES AND PEOPLE
• The nurse’s primary professional responsibility is to people requiring nursing care.
• In providing care, the nurse promotes an environment in which the human rights, values, customs and spiritual
beliefs of the individual, family and community are respected.
• The nurse ensures that the individual receives accurate, sufficient and timely information in a culturally appropriate
manner on which to base consent for care and related treatment.
• The nurse holds in confidence personal information and uses judgement in sharing this information.
• The nurse shares with society the responsibility for initiating and supporting action to meet the health and social
needs of the public, in particular those of vulnerable populations.
• The nurse advocates for equity and social justice in resource allocation, access to health care and other social and
economic services.
• The nurse demonstrates professional values such as respectfulness, responsiveness, compassion, trustworthiness and
integrity.
2. NURSES AND PRACTICE
• The nurse carries personal responsibility and accountability for nursing practice, and for maintaining
competence by continual learning.
• The nurse maintains a standard of personal health such that the ability to provide care is not
compromised.
• The nurse uses judgement regarding individual competence when accepting and delegating responsibility.
• The nurse at all times maintains standards of personal conduct which reflect well on the profession and
enhance its image and public confidence.
• The nurse, in providing care, ensures that use of technology and scientific advances are compatible with
the safety, dignity and rights of people.
• The nurse strives to foster and maintain a practice culture promoting ethical behaviour and open dialogue.
3. NURSES AND THE PROFESSION
The nurse assumes the major role in determining and implementing acceptable standards of clinical nursing
practice, management, research and education.

The nurse is active in developing a core of research-based professional knowledge that supports
evidence-based practice.

The nurse is active in developing and sustaining a core of professional values.

The nurse, acting through the professional organisation, participates in creating a positive practice
environment and maintaining safe, equitable social and economic working conditions in nursing.

The nurse practices to sustain and protect the natural environment and is aware of its consequences on
health.

The nurse contributes to an ethical organisational environment and challenges unethical practices and
settings.
4. NURSES AND CO-WORKERS
• The nurse sustains a collaborative and respectful relationship with co-workers in nursing and other fields.

• The nurse takes appropriate action to safeguard individuals, families and communities when their health
is endangered by a co-worker or any other person.

• The nurse takes appropriate action to support and guide co-workers to advance ethical conduct.
Reference:
Venzon, Lydia, (2010)Professional Nursing in the
Phillippines, 11th edition, C&E Publishing Inc.,Quezon
City

De Belen, R.T. & De Belen V.V.(2007) Nursing Law and

Jurisprudence and Professional Ethics. Quezon City. C&E
Publishing, Inc.
 MEMBERS OF BON
Chairman:Elsie A. Tee

Members:
Carmelita C. Divinagracia
Elizabeth C. Lagrito
Zenaida C. Gagno
Marylou B. Ong
Merle L. Salvani
Leah Primitiva S. Paquiz
 EVOLUTION OF THE PHIL. NSG
LAW
✓ RA 877 dated June 19, 1953 – was enacted as an entirely new law
created by the Filipino Nurses Associated (now PNA) namely: Ms.
Obdulia Kabigtingas chairman; Dean JV Sutejo and Conchita Ruiz.
The act was sponsored by Sen. Geronima Pecson.
✓ The purpose is to “regulate the practice of nursing in the
Philippines and to set up provisions for the registration of the nurses
for the establishment and maintenance of standards of nursing
education and practice.”
EVOLUTION OF THE PHIL. NSG
LAW
RA 1080 dated June 15, 1954 – An act declaring the BAR and
BOARD OF EXAMINATION as “Civil Service Examination”
✓ RA 9173 October 21, 2002 – an act providing for a more
responsive nursing profession repealing for the purpose RA #
7164, otherwise known as the Philippine Nursing Act of 1991
RA 9173
THE PHILIPPINE NURSING ACT OF 2002 1. Title of the law and
its provision (Article I) 2. Declaration of Policy (Article II) 3.
Organization of the Board of Nursing (Article III) 4. Examination and
Registration (Article IV) 5. Nursing Education (Article V) 6. Nursing
Practice (Article VI) 7. Health Human Resources Production,
Utilization and Development (Article VII) 8. Penal and Miscellaneous
Provisions (Article VIII
 RA 9173
THE PHILIPPINE NURSING ACT OF 2002
The Board is now composed of a Chairman and six members instead
of a Chairman and four members • Submission of names of qualified
nominees by the Accredited Professional Organization (APO) to the
Commission, three (3) nominees per vacancy, not later than three
months before the vacancy • The Commission submits to the office
of the President two (2) nominees per vacancy not later than two
months before the vacancy occurs. The appointment must be issued
not later than thirty (30) days before scheduled licensure
examination.
 RA 9173
Qualifications of Board Members ✓ Educational requirement for
members of the Board is not limited to registered nurses with
Master’s degree in nursing but also to registered nurses with
master’s degrees in education, or other allied medical profession
provided that the Chairperson and majority of the members are
holders of a Master’s degree in nursing ✓ Of the ten years of
continuous practice of the profession prior to appointment, the last
five (5) years must be in the Philippines.
RA 9173
Added the powers and duties of the Board
✓ Adopt and regulate a Code of Ethics and Code of
Technical Standards for the practice of nursing within one
year from the effectivity of this act.
✓ Recognize specialty organization in coordination with
accredited professional organization. Licensure Examination
and Registration
✓ Specific dates of examination has been deleted
 RA 9173
Specific dates of examination – not earlier than one (1) month
and not later than 2 months after the closing of each semestral
term.
✓ Specific age of applicants has been deleted • Ratings
✓ Specific number of times an examinee may take the
licensure examination has been deleted
✓ Removal examination shall be taken within two (2) years
after the last failed examination
 RA 9173
Revocation and Suspension of Certificate of Registration
✓ Implementing Rules and Regulations, Code of Ethics, Code of
Technical Standards, for Nursing Practice and policies of the Board and
of the Commission
✓ Sec. 28g for practicing the profession during the period of
suspension
✓ Period of Suspension of the certificate of registration/professional
license not to exceed four (4) years
 RA 9173
Nursing Education
✓ Requirement for inactive nurses returning to practice –
Nurse who have not actively practiced the profession shall
undergo one (1) month of didactic training and three (3)
months of practicum ✓ Qualifications of Faculty –
Requirement of clinical experience in a field of specialization
has been reduced from three (3) years to one (1) year in a field
of specialization
 RA 9173
Nursing Education
✓ The Dean of the College of Nursing must have at least five (5) years of
experience in teaching and supervising a nursing education program. •
Nursing Practice
✓ Scope of Nursing – Duties and responsibilities of the Nurse
✓ Special training for intravenous injections but Nursing Service
Administrators still require formal training for the safety of the patient and
the protection of the nurse and of the institution.
 RA 9173
Nursing Practice
✓ Special training for suturing the Lacerated perineum Note: This is being
undertaken by the Association of Nursing Service Administrators of the
Philippines (ANSAP) with the Maternal and Child Association of the
Philippines (MCNAP)
✓ Observe the Code of Ethics and the Code of Technical Standards to
maintain competence through continual professional education
✓ Health human resource production and Utilization The minimum base
pay of nurses working in the public health institutions shall not be lower
than salary grade 15.
 RA 9173
Comprehensive Nursing Specialty Program
✓ The Board is mandated to formulate and develop a
comprehensive nursing specialty program that would
upgrade the level of skills and competency of specialty
nurse clinicians in the country
 LAWS & ORGANIZATIONS
PROTECTING NURSES
International Labor Organization Convention 149
✓ ILO Recommendation 1977
✓ International Council of Nurses
✓ Philippine Nurses Association
✓ Code of Ethics for Nurses
✓ Magna Carta for Health Workers (RA 7305)
✓ Philippine Nursing Law
✓ Philippine Constitution
 CASES TO READ
✔ Somera Case
✓ Maki v. Murray Hospital
✓ Ybarra v. Spanggard
✓ Ales v. Ryan et al
✓ Nicholson v. Sisters of Charity of Providence
✓ Ratliffev. Wesley Hospital
✓ Aderhold v. Bishop
✓ Borwegev. City of Owatonna
 SOMERA CASE
Several days prior to May 26, 1929, Pedro Clemente took his
daughter, Anastacia Clemente, to Dr. Gregorio Favisat Manila.
The latter decided to perform a tonsillectomy and instructed the
father and daughter to go to St. Paul’s Hospital where he would
perform the operation at 7am on May 26, 1929. Assisting
Lorenza Somera, a Head Nurse, were student nurses Valentina
Andaya and Consolacion Montinola. The assistant surgeon was
Dr. Bartolome.
SOMERA CASE
During the operation, Dr. Favisasked Dr. Bartholomefor Novocain
solution. Ms. Montinola handed Dr. Bartolome a syringe of solution
which was handed in turn to Dr. Favis who injected the same to the
patient .After a few minutes, Dr. Bartolome noticed that the patient
was becoming pale and acting as if dying. He called the attention of
Dr. Favis to this but the latter said it was not unusual. A third syringe
of solution was injected and a few minutes later, the patient died in a
few minutes.
SOMERA CASE
Dr. Favis asked if the Novocain was fresh. Ms. Somera replied that
the solution was not Novocain but 10% cocaine. In court, Ms.
Montinola testified she heard Dr. Favis order cocaine with adrenalin
for injection and heard Ms. Somera to have verified the order. The
autopsy report and testimony of the Medico-legal Officer showed that
the patient was suffering from status lymphaticusand that such
patients were known to die even with so slight an injury as a
needleprick
SOMERA CASE
Facts not brought in the trial were 1) that Ms. Somera. Had
finished her training only on May 20, 1929; 2) that she had not
received her registration certificate and was not an experienced
graduate as states in the prosecution; 3) that Dr. Favis had
performed tonsillectomy but once previously in St. Paul’s and
that no order from Dr. Favis was given before his arrival.
 SOMERA CASE
The two accused doctors were absolved of the crime
but Lorenza Somera was condemned to suffer one
year and one day imprisonment and to indemnify the
heirs of Anastacia Clemente the sum of P1, 000.00
with subsidiary imprisonment in case of insolvency
and to pay one-third of costs
 SOMERA CASE
In view of the recommendation of two of the justices of
the supreme Court who reviewed the case upon the
appeal of the counsel fo the defense, the unanimous
recommendation of the Board of Pardons, and the
petition of the Philippine Nurses Association for
executive clemenc
 SOMERA CASE
Additional Info:
1. In 1929, in Manila, Lorenza Somera(a nurse), was found guilty of
manslaughter, sentenced to a year in prison, and fined one thousand
pesos for following a physician's orders.. She was found guilty
because when the doctor said cocaine instead of procaine, she did
not question his orders.
2. 2. Nurses cannot just depend on what the doctors say; they have to
know if what the doctor orders is correct.
 SOMERA CASE
Additional Info:
3. Nurses have adopted the ethic of advocacy for
patients
4. Unfortunately hospitals don’t like having problems
called to the public's attention, and give the nurses a
very bad time about it
THE ICN CODE
ETHICS FOR
NURSES
 CODE OF ETHICS
Pursuant to Section 3 of Republic Act No. 877, known as the
Philippine Nursing Law, and Section 6 of PD No. 233, the
amended Code of Ethics for Nurses recommended and
endorsed by the Philippine Nurses Association was adopted to
govern the practice of nursing in the Philippines. • The Code
was adopted under Republic Act 9173 and promulgated by the
Board of Nursing under Resolution No. 220 Series of 2004
last July 14, 2004
 CODE OF ETHICS
Nurses have four fundamental responsibilities: to promote health, to
prevent illness, to restore health and to alleviate suffering. The need
for nursing is universal. Inherent in nursing is respect for human
rights, including cultural rights, the right to life and choice, to
dignity and to be treated with respect. Nursing care is respectful of
and unrestricted by considerations of age, color, creed, culture,
disability or illness, gender, sexual orientation, nationality, politics,
race or social status.
 PREAMBLE
Nurses render health services to the
individual, the family and the community and
co-ordinate their services with those of related
groups.
NURSES AND THE PEOPLE
The nurse’s primary professional responsibility is to people
requiring nursing care.
• The nurse promotes an environment in which the human
rights, values, customs and spiritual beliefs of the individual,
family and community are respected.
• The nurse ensures that the individual receives sufficient
information on which to base consent for care and related
treatment.
NURSES AND THE PEOPLE
The nurse holds in confidence personal information and uses
judgment in sharing this information.
• The nurse shares with society the responsibility for
initiating and supporting action to meet the health and social
needs of the public, in particular those of vulnerable
populations.
• The nurse also shares responsibility to sustain and protect
the natural environment from depletion, pollution,
degradation and destruction.
 NURSES AND PRACTICE
The nurse carries personal responsibility and accountability for
nursing practice, and for maintaining competence by continual
learning.
• The nurse maintains a standard of personal health such that
the ability to provide care is not compromised.
• The nurse uses judgment regarding individual competence
when accepting and delegating responsibility.
 NURSES AND PRACTICE
• The nurse at all times maintains standards of personal
conduct which reflect well on the profession and enhance
public confidence.
• The nurse, in providing care, ensures that use of
technology and scientific advances are compatible with the
safety, dignity and rights of people.
NURSES AND THE PROFESSION
The nurse assumes the major role in determining and implementing
acceptable standards of clinical nursing practice, management, research
and education.
• The nurse is active in developing a core of research based
professional knowledge.
• The nurse, acting through the professional organization, participates
in creating and maintaining safe, equitable social and economic
working conditions in nursing.
 NURSES AND THE PROFESSION
determining and implementing acceptable standards of clinical
nursing practice, management, research and education.
• developing a core of research-based professional knowledge.
• acting through the professional organization, participates in
creating and maintaining safe, equitable social and economic
working conditions in nursing.
NURSES AND CO-WORKERS
The nurse sustains a co-operative relationship with
coworkers in nursing and other fields.
• The nurse takes appropriate action to safeguard
individuals, families and communities when their
health is endangered by a coworker or any other
person.
 FIELDS OF NURSING
HOSPITAL OR INSTITUTIONAL NURSING
• Nursing in hospital and related health facilities
such as extended care facilities, nursing homes
and neighborhood clinics, compromises the entire
basic component of comprehensive patient care
and family health.
 FIELDS OF NURSING
HOSPITAL OR INSTITUTIONAL NURSING Qualifications of
Nursing Service Administration Section 29 of RA 9173 specifies that a
person occupying supervisory or managerial positions requiring
knowledge of nursing must: • Be a registered nurse in the Philippines
• Have at least two (2) years of experience in general nursing service
administration
• Possess a degree of Bachelor of Science in Nursing, with at least nine
(9) units in management and administration courses at the graduate
level; and
 FIELDS OF NURSING
HOSPITAL OR INSTITUTIONAL NURSING
Qualifications of Nursing Service Administration
Section 29 of RA 9173 specifies that a person occupying
supervisory or managerial positions requiring
knowledge of nursing must:
• Be a member of good standing of the accredited
professional organization of nurses
 FIELDS OF NURSING
PUBLIC HEALTH NURSING OR COMMUNITY
HEALTH NURSING
• The focus of nursing care is only on family and
community health rather than on individual basis.
• Here, the nurse will be able to see the total picture of
family and community health.
 FIELDS OF NURSING
PRIVATE DUTY NURSING
• A private nurse is a registered nurse who
undertakes to give comprehensive nursing care to
a client on a one on one ratio, an independent
contractor.
• The patient may be provided care in the hospital
or in the home.
 FIELDS OF NURSING
PRIVATE DUTY NURSING Private duty nurse practitioner
are grouped into two categories
• General Private Duty Nurse - has the capability for providing
basic nursing care at any type of patient
• Private Duty nurse specialist - foregoing abilities expected of
the general nurse practitioner and as a result of his or her
specialized preparation a private nurse specialist
 FIELDS OF NURSING
OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH NURSING OR
INDUSTRIAL NURSING
• The practice focuses on promotion, protection,
and supervision of workers health within the
context of a safe and healthy worker environment.
 FIELDS OF NURSING
NURSING EDUCATION
• A nurse educator is a nurse who teaches and
prepares nurses (RN) for entry into practice
positions.
• They can also teach in various patient care
settings to provide continuing education to licensed
nursing staff.
 FIELDS OF NURSING
NURSING EDUCATION The faculty shall have academic preparation
appropriate to his/her teaching assignment. In addition to being a Filipino
citizen and having good moral character, the following qualifications must
be observed:
• Registered Nurse in the Philippines with current/valid PRC ID • Holder
of Master’s degree in Nursing, Education or other allied medical and
health sciences conferred by a college or university duly recognized by
the CHED;
 FIELDS OF NURSING
NURSING EDUCATION The College shall be administered
by a full-time dean with the following qualifications:
• Filipino citizen;
• Registered Nurse in the Philippines with current and valid
PRC ID;
• Holder of Master’s degree in Nursing (MAN, MN, MSN)
conferred by a college or university duly recognized by the
CHED;
 FIELDS OF NURSING
NURSING EDUCATION The College shall be administered
by a full-time dean with the following qualifications:
• Has at least 1 year experience of clinical practice and a total
of at least 5 years experience in teaching, administration and
supervision of nursing education;
• Physically and mentally fit;
• Of good moral character;
 FIELDS OF NURSING
NURSING EDUCATION
The College shall be administered by a full-time dean with the
following qualifications:
• Has no other teaching assignments or administrative functions
in other public/private institutions or higher education
institutions;
• Member of accredited professional nursing organization of
good standing;
 FIELDS OF NURSING
NURSING EDUCATION
The College shall be administered by a full-time dean with the following
qualifications:
• Upon appointment, he/she must be an active member of good standing
of the Association of Deans of Philippine College of Nursing (ADPCN);
and,
• Upon appointment, he/she should have a duly notarized employment
contract of at least 1 academic year renewable annually. The contract
should specify the academic rank.
 FIELDS OF NURSING
NURSING EDUCATION
The faculty shall have academic preparation appropriate to his/her
teaching assignment. In addition to being a Filipino citizen and
having good moral character, the following qualifications must be
observed:
• At least one (1) year of clinical practice
• A member of accredited professional nursing organization of
good standing.
 FIELDS OF NURSING
MILITARY NURSING
• Military nurses are healthcare professionals who
provide medical care to patients in military clinics and
hospitals.
• Military nurses may serve in the Army, the Navy or
the Air Force.
 FIELDS OF NURSING
Military nursing qualifications
• Must have rank of 2nd lieutenant
• Have adequate knowledge of general nursing theory and
practice, including about biological, social, and medical
science and their application
• Knowledge on latest development in nursing field
• Perform comprehensive nursing care
 FIELDS OF NURSING
Benefits and privilege of a military nurse Highly salary rate and
allowances according to rank:
• 2nd Lieutenant- initially receives the same base pay as officers
of equivalent ranks.
• Flight pay for flight nurses- 50% of base pay
• Hazard pay- 20% of base pay
• Cold weather clothing allowance
• Overseas pay
 FIELDS OF NURSING
SCHOOL HEALTH NURSING
• Responsible for the school’s activities in the areas
of health service, health education and
environmental health and safety.
 FIELDS OF NURSING
Responsibilities of school health nurse
• Organizing and implementing the school health programs
• Coordinating school health programs
• Undertaking functions directly related to pupil’s health
• Evaluating school health programs
• Carrying out functions related to the health of school personnel.
 FIELDS OF NURSING
CLINIC NURSING
• Nurse in this field must have excellent teaching and
communication skills, exhibit organizational and
leadership ability, possess good assessment skills, and
have good insight in order to anticipate and interpret the
needs of their patients.
 FIELDS OF NURSING
ADVANCE PRACTICE NURSING
• An umbrella term for nurses who have
specialized education and experience beyond the
basic nursing program. This field covers the roles
of the clinical nurse specialist.
 FIELDS OF NURSING
INDEPENDENT NURSING PRACTICE
• Nurse is self-employed and provides professional
nursing services to clients and their families.
 FIELDS OF NURSING
Predicted outcomes of the new role of nurses as Independent Nurse
Practitioner
• It will encourage professional nurses to extend their capabilities and
assume greater responsibilities for designated areas of generalized nursing
practice.
• The amount of health care will be more increased and accessible to
people.
• The nurse’s involvement in the client’s family or community will
increase the nurse’s sensitivity and response to their client’s needs.
 FIELDS OF NURSING
PARISH NURSE
• The role that gathers in churches, cathedrals, temples,
mosques, and acknowledge common faith traditions.
• Respond to health an wellness needs within the context
of populations of faith community.
 FIELDS OF NURSING
PARISH NURSE Functions:
• Provider of spiritual care
• Health Counselor
• Health Advocate
• Health Educator
• Facilitator of Support Groups
• Trainer or Volunteers
• Liaison to community resources and referral agent.
 FIELDS OF NURSING
HOSPICE NURSE
• Provides a family centered care and allows clients to
live and remain at homes with comfort, independence
and dignity, while alleviating the strains caused by
terminal phase i.e. at the time of death.
 FIELDS OF NURSING

HOSPICE NURSE Function:

• Pain & symptom control.
• Spiritual Care
• Home Care and impatient Care
• Family Conferences
• Co-ordination of Care
• Bereavement Care
 FIELDS OF NURSING
REHABILITATION NURSE
• A nurse who specializes in assisting persons with
disabilities and chronic illness to attain optimal
function, health and adapt to an altered life style.
 FIELDS OF NURSING
NURSE EPIDEMIOLOGIST
• Monitors standards and procedures for the
control and prevention of infectious diseases and
other conditions of public health significance
including nosocomial infections.
 CONTINUING EDUCATION IN
NURSING
Nursing professional development builds on the basic education
and experience of nurses throughout their professional careers for
the ultimate goal of ensuring the quality of health care to the
public.
GRADUATE EDUCATION OR MASTER’S DEGREE
• Prepares leaders in nursing who will influence the practice and
study of the nursing profession.
 CONTINUING EDUCATION IN
NURSING
DOCTORAL DEGREE Prepares nurses for positions
such as:
• Administrators of nursing colleges
• Nursing research specialists
• Consultants of nursing services
• Nursing education programs or hospital services
 CONTINUING EDUCATION IN
NURSING
BON Resolution 2013-774 s. 2013 Continuing Professional
Development Guidelines Objectives: • Continuously improve
the quality of registered professionals by updating them with
latest scientific/technological/ethical trends in the practice of
profession.
• Support to lifelong learning in the enhancement of
competencies of professionals.
 CONTINUING EDUCATION IN
NURSING
BON Resolution 2013-774 s. 2013 Continuing
Professional Development Guidelines Objectives:
• Deliver quality CPD activities aligned with the
Philippine Qualifications Framework for national
relevance and global competitiveness.
15 UNITS
 NURSING ORGANIZATIONS
The Philippine Nurses Association is a professional
organization in the Philippines established to promote
the holistic welfare of nurses and to prepare them to be
globally-competitive.
• It used to be known as Filipino Nurses Association
(FNA).
 NURSING ORGANIZATIONS

• Ang Nars
• Association of Deans of Philippine Colleges of Nursing
(ADPCN)
• Association of Diabetes Nurse Educators of the
Philippines (ADNEP)
• Association of Nursing Service Administrators of the
Philippines (ANSAP)
 NURSING ORGANIZATIONS
Association of Private Duty Nurse Practitioners
Philippines (APDNPP)
• Critical Care Nurses Association of the Philippines
(CCNAPI)
• Gerontology Nurses Association of the Philippines
(GNAP)
• Military Nurses Association of the Philippines (MNAP)
 NURSING ORGANIZATIONS
Mother and Child Nurses Association of the Philippines
(MCNAP)
• National League of Philippine Government Nurses
(NLPGN)
• Occupational Health Nurses Association of the
Philippines (OHNAP)
• Operating Room Nurses Association of the Philippines
(ORNAP)
 NURSING ORGANIZATIONS
Philippine Hospital Infection Control Nurses
Association (PHICNA)
• Philippine Nursing Informatics Association (PNIA)
• Philippine Nursing Research Society (PNRS) •
Philippine Oncology Nurses Association (PONA)
• Philippine Society of Emergency Care Nurses
(PSECN)
 NURSING ORGANIZATIONS
• Renal Nurses Association of the Philippines (RENAP)
• Society of Cardiovascular Nurse Practitioners of the
Philippines (SCVNPPI)
• Philippine Association of Public Health Nursing Faculty
• Psychiatric Nursing Specialists Foundation of the Philippines
• Integrated Registered Nurses of the Philippines (IRNUP)
CODE OF ETHICS FOR NURSES
BOARD OF NURSING Board Resolution No. 220 Series of 2004

• Article I Preamble
• Article II Registered Nurses And People
• Article III Registered Nurses And Practice
• Article IV Registered Nurses And Co-workers
• Article V Registered Nurses, Society And Environment
• Article VI Registered Nurses And The Profession
 THANK YOU
Nursing is to nurture and care... patient's life is in
our hands, so love our profession... ITS A
CALLING!