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Research Paper 9
Research Paper 9
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KG Reddy College Of Engineering and Technology
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ABSTRACT
From the actual conditions of rural road accident in our country, it shows that the
current rural road safety is facing the grim situation and emphasizes the need of
conduct rural road safety audit. This article analyzes the factors effecting safety in
rural road accidents from human, vehicle, road, external environment and the other
factors, summarizes the connotation and the steps of rural road traffic safety audit. It
divides the contents of rural road traffic safety audit into two parts: newly built and
rebuilt rural roads & the existing rural road traffic safety audit. Finally, this project
aims at these problems existing in implementation process of rural road & proposes
the corresponding solutions to support the work of rural road traffic safety audit.
Key words: Accident, Environment, Road Safety Audit, Rural Roads, Road Safety.
Cite this Article: N. Naveen, M. Rajesh, M. Srinivas, Md. Fasioddin, Road Safety
Audit of a Rural Road. International Journal of Civil Engineering and Technology,
8(4), 2017, pp. 752-761.
http://www.iaeme.com/IJCIET/issues.asp?JType=IJCIET&VType=8&IType=4
1. INTRODUCTION
India with 1,05,725 fatalities per annum (in year 2006), accounts for about 10 percent of total
world’s road fatalities. The share of NH and SH in the total road network is just 6 percent but
these cater to 70 to 75% of total road traffic in India. However, the NH’S, which constitute
less than 2% of the total road network, account for 20% of total road accidents and 25% of
total road traffic fatalities occurring on Indian roads. The road safety situation in India is
worsening. Accidents, fatalities and casualties have been increasing dramatically over last 20
years.
A road is considered safe when only a few - or, in the best case, no accident occurs. Each
element, constituting many factors within, contribution (in percentage) in the occurrence of
accidents is presented in Table.
Road safety audit has the greatest potential for improving safety when it is applied to a
road or traffic design before the project is built. Purpose of the audit is to look at the accident
potential and safety performance of the proposal. It is a formal process using a defined
procedure and not an informal check. To be effective, it must be conducted by persons who
have appropriate expertise, experience and training and who are independent of the design
team. An audit may also be conducted on an existing road, since it permits hazards to be
identified and opportunity becomes available to identify preferred road engineering measures
to improve safety.
Table 2 The overall accident data from the sources showing the increased rate of accidents.
Existing road also can be audited to assess their accident potential. It provides a
systematic way of being proactive in reducing the future likelihood of accidents. Report
should highlight those problems, which are considered so urgent that they require immediate
attention. Issues and problems will vary, depending on the road's environment, the
topography and terrain.
First Information Reports (FIR) should be collected from the concerned police stations on
the identified stretches. The main aim of the road safety audit is to identify and address any
road safety issues. The specific purpose of the safety audit study is:
To ensure a high level of safety in road project
To minimize the accident risk on the road network
To promote the safety to all road users
2. DATA USED
Road safety audit was conducted from place Bhongir to Chityal i.e. (Nalgonda District, India)
where the road conditions are known and safety measures to be reported.
Figure 1 This road is from Bhongir to Chityal(i.e. two lane road of 3.5m of each lane) which will
connect the National Highway no: 9 which is of 45 km from Bhongir to Chityal and the rest of the
road is on National Highway no 9.
Figure 3 Image Shows the Sharp Curve at Nagaram Village With 60 Meters Inner Curve Radius
Figure 4 Image Shows the Sharp Curve at Valigonda Village With 57 Meters Inner Curve Radius.
Figure 5 Image Shows the Sharp Curve at Valigonda Village with 60 Meters Inner Curve Radius and
75 meters’ outer curve with 6.8 meters’ width road
Figure 6 Image Shows the Sharp Curve at Mamdapuram Village with 70 Meters Inner Curve Radius
and 75 meters’ outer curve with 7 meters’ width road
The sharp bending curves are the major accident causing elements. Here as the curve
radius is very less for the fast-moving heavy vehicles, it causes some blind effect for the
drivers and they cannot see the coming vehicles from the opposite side. In addition to these
due to the centrifugal force the vehicle is thrown out the regular path and making them to use
wider area at curves. The road side hazards like tress also the cause for the accidents in these
areas
3.1. Checklist of This Project for Finding out the Faults and Recommendations
The feasibility study has been carried out on existing rural road from Bhongir to Nalgonda
which is of 45km.The road is intended to carry high speed traffic. The road consists of mixed
traffic which includes bicycles and significant pedestrian traffic.
Appropriate design standards have not been used having regards to the scope of the project,
and its function in relation to the mixed traffic. Design parameters are not followed correctly.
Design for the design volume and traffic characteristic are not suitable.
Turning volumes are not safe at available location, in relation to the expected turning
volume.
3.1.1. Cross-Sections
The cross-falls are appropriate because the drainage is very good. There a suitable gutter
gradient or is the carriageway laid at a suitable height above the shoulder.
The requirements on safe distances to carriageway and cycle path been observed and the
cycle paths are not present.
Breakaway safety devices have been proposed in a proper manner where the accidents are
prevented.
Adequacy and visibility of road markings, during day/night time and in wet/ dry weather
conditions suitable.
The directional arrows are not at all marked on the pavement guiding the driver or creating
confusion to the driver.
4. CONCLUSION
Accident causation is very complex and must be understood adequately to improve accident
prevention. This paper had given suggestions for a safe road. It showed the road hazards like
sharp curves, less widths, inefficient road markings and sign boards. This document has
highlighted the problem of road traffic injuries among the general population, apply equal to
the policy maker working to cut the volume of road traffic injuries.
We would like to say that road safety is not a topic to be taken lightly. The important
thing is to stay alert at all the times while using the roads we must know that what is
happening around us in what way we can take necessary action to avoid danger. High
priority must be given in identification and rectification of black spots.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
The authors to thank all the people who helped us in completing this study, especially we like
to thank the Telangana police department who had given the information about the recent
accidents in the study area.
REFERENCES
[1] Manual on Road Safety Audit, Indian Road Congress 2010, IRC: SP: 88-2010.
[2] Highway Engineering by SK.Khanna, C.E.G. Just O, A. Veeraragavan. Revised 10th
Edition Nem Chand & Bros., Roorkee, India.
[3] Highway Engineeing by Kadiyali, Khanna Publicaction, New Delhi.
[4] International Course on Transportation Planning and Road Safety Audit, IIT Delhi, India
[5] Department of Civil Engineering & Transportation Research and Injury Prevention
Program (TRIPP) Indian Institute of Technology Delhi New Delhi, India.
[6] Road Safety Audit of BRTS Corridor at Pune, Transportation Systems Engineering,
Group, Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai,
Mumbai – 400076.