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Rice Seeder Miller
Farm Hand Tools
Bolo - Used for cutting tall grasses and chopping branches.
Crowbar - Use for digging big holes and big stones and stumps.
Pick Mattock - Use for digging canals, stones, and tree stumps;
and breaking hard topsoil.
Grab Hoe - Use for breaking hard topsoil and pulverizing soil.
Spade - Used for removing trash or soil, digging canals or
ditches, and mixing soil media
Shovel - Removing trash, mixing, moving and digging loose soil.
Rake - Cleaning the groun and leveling the topsoil.
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Spading Fork - Loosening the soil, digging out root crops and
turning over the materials in the compost.
Light Hoe - Used for loosening and leveling soil and digging up
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furrows for planting.
Hand Trowel - Use for loosening soil aroun growing plants and
purring small amounts of manure fertilizer.
loosening the soil and removing weeds.
Hand Fork - Used for inter-row cultivation.
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Hand Cultivator - Used for cultivating the garden plot by
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Pruning Shears - Cutting unnecessary branches of planting
materials and plants.
Axe - For cutting bigger size posts.
Knife - For cutting plant materials.
Sprinklers - For watering seedlings & young plants.
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Water Pails - For hauling water, manure, & fertilizer.
Sprayers - For spraying Insecticies, herbicides, etc.
Wheelbarrow - Hauling trash, manure, fertilizer, etc.
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Sickle - Has a curved blade used for cutting weeds.
Farm Implements & Farm
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Equipments
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Farm Implements - Accessories pulled by working animals.
Used in land preparation.
Plows - Use to till areas shallowly.
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Harrow - Use for tilling and pulverizing soil.
Rotavator - Mounte to a tractor for tilling.
Farm Equipments - Machineries used in crop production. Used
in transporting farm inputs.
Hand Tractor - Use to pull a plow and harrow in preparing a
large area of land.
Four Wheel Tractor - Is used to pull disc plow and disc harrow
in preparing a much bigger area of land.
Water Pumps - Used to draw irrigation water from a source
Tresher Corn Dehusker
Rice Harvester Grass Cutter
Preventive Maintenance
Preventive Maintenance - An activity or operation one to
prevent malfunction of tools and equipment. Done to prolong the
useful life of tools and equipment
Repair - Restore to a good condition that was damaged or
broken.
Causes of Tool and Equipment Failure:
1. Improper Operation
2. Failure to continuously monitor equipment
3. Failure to perform preventive maintenance
Steps in Conucting Preventive Maintenance:
1. Prepare all the materials needed to clean and sharpen tools
2. Select a safer place where you can position your tools steadily
3. Dismantle cutting tools
4. Carefully remove rust
5. Keep tools thoroughly in a dry place
Proceures in Cleaning, Sharpening, and Oiling of Farm
Tools and Equipment:
1. Rinse off mud and soil with a garden hose
2. Use a scrub brush to quickly scrub away any stubborn soil. You
can also use a paint thinner to remove pitch and sap.
3. Wipe tools dry with a rag or towel.
4. Hang Tools well
5. Wipe and spray with oil and put tools in a pail to keep them
clean and sharp
Proceures in Cleaning, Sharpening, and Oiling of Farm
Tools and Equipment:
1. Sharpen tool before and after use.
2. Oil or grease metal parts.
3. Wooden handles should be strong.
4. Hang your garden tools.
5. Dry tools after use.
6. Put Silica gel.
7. Store tools in the original cases.
Housekeeping (5“S”)
Housekeeping - Quality, safety, productivity, clean environment.
5‘S’ - A systematic approach to good housekeeping. A Japanese
concept, at home, school, children are disciplined to adhere to
good housekeeping.
Seiri - Sort out unnecessary items in the workplace and discard
them.
Seiton - Set necessary items in good order.
Seiso - Shine your workplace thoroughly so that there is no dust.
Seiketsu - Standarize Housekeeping at all times.
Shitsuke - Sustain people to follow good housekeeping Coverall - Skin protection is a basic function of coveralls.
principles

Hazards in the Workplace

Manual Handling Procedures and Hazard - Something that is dangerous and likely to cause

Techniques
damage.
Risk - The possibility of something bad happening.
Manual Material Handling - is the process of transporting, Exposure - The fact of experiencing something or being affected
moving, or supporting loads by physical force from farms to by it because of being in a particular situation or place.
storage or market and vice- versa.
The following should be given consideration: Common Hazards:
1. Weight. 1. Animals 2. Chemicals
2. Size and shape. 3. Confined Spaces 4. Electricity
3. Condition and availability of gripping. 5. Machinery 6. Noise Pollution

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4. Way of carrying. 7. Vehicles 8. Water
5. How often you have doing carrying task, and 9. Weather
6. Transferring of loads without damage, accidents or any forms
of problem.

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Types of Hazards:
You need to follow these Procedures and Techniques: 1. Physical 2. Mechanical/Electric

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A. Avoiding- Consider whether you must move the load manually
at all. If possible, eliminate manual handling.
B. Assessing - identify the possible risks and problems that can
3. Chemical
5. Psychosocial environment
4. Biological
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damage the loads and vehicles or can injure and put your health Four Steps in Risk Management
and safety to risks. 1. Identify the Hazard
C. Reducing- If you cannot eliminate the risk, look at how you 2. Assess the risk associated with the hazard
can reduce it to an acceptable level. 3. Control the risk
D. Lifting safely: 4. Review the process
1. Keep a wide base of support.
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2. Squat down, bending at the hips and knees only.

3. Keep good posture. Storing Waste Materials
4. Slowly lift by straightening your hips and knees (not your Duration of Storage - Time interval taken to preserve
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back). agricultural materials for further use as the nead arises.

5. Hold the load as close to your body as possible, at the level of - Small-term - Medium-term
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your belly button. - Long-term

6. Use your feet to change direction, taking small steps. Size or Scale of Storage - Amount of agricultural materials
preserved at a specific time.
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- Small Scale - Medium Scale

Personal Protective Equipment - Large Scale
Hard Hat - Protects the head from falling objects, impact from Principle of Storage:
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falls, and other types of head trauma. - Physical Storage - Chemical Storage
Goggles - Tight-fitting eye protection that protects your eyes - Biological Storage
from impact, dust, mists, and splashes. Agricultural Waste - Composed of organic or unwanted waste
Face Mask - Protects the nose and mouth from exposure to produced as a result of agricultural activities (Farmyard manures,
splashes, sprays, splatter, and respiratory secretions. oil, silage plastics, fertilizer, pesticides and herbicides).
Respirator - Reusable and have replaceable canisters, cartriges, - Natural Waste - Animal Waste
or filters - Plant Waste
Earplugs/Earmuff - Used to protect the wearer’s ears primarily
from excessive noise pollution and dust Waste Management - Helps to maintain a healthy environment
Gloves - Worn when there is potential for injury or exposure to for farm animals and can reuce the need for commercial
skin contact to chemicals, dirt, etc. fertilizers while providing other nutrients needed for crop
Rubber Boots - Footwear that can protect the wearer’s feet production.
from hazards in the workplace.
Farm Supplies
Farm Supplies - Essential materials neaded in crop production.
1. Seeds - Contain the embryo from which plants are propagated
easily
2. Seedling - A young plant raised from a seed.
3. Fertilizers - Substance that supplies nutrient to the soil
4. Pesticide - Substance used to kill pests

Labor Inputs - Energy needed so that the production is easy.

1. Land Preperation
- Plowing using tractor
- Clearing of the land using of hoe

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- Plowing using animal
- Harrowing using hand tractor

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2. Planting
- Pulling of seeds
- Transporting of seedlings

3. Plant Care
- Fertilizer application
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- Pest control
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- Irrigation - Weeding
- Harvesting - Drying corn
- Treshing rice - Storing

Observe Strictly the

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Effectivity/Shelf Life/ Expiration

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Shelf Life - The length of time a commodity may be stored

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without being unfit for use

Expiration Date - A date after which a consumable product
should not be used.
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Viability Testing Seed - The measure of how many seeds or

how much plant material in a lot are alive and could live
Viability Seeding Test
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1. Water Test - If the seeds sink, they are still viable

2. Germination Test - Spray the seeds and if it sprouts, it is
viable.

Practices to Extend Fertilizer Shelf Life

1. Store the fertilizer indoors
2. Store fertilizer in a low humidity environment
3. Use a protective coating

Practices to Extend Chemical Shelf Life

1. Store in a dry location
2. Store in the right temperature
3. Store products in original containers.