ORGANIZATION OF

NERVOUS SYSTEM
DR:SAIMA NAZ SHAIKH
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
PHYSIOLOGY DEPARTMENT
LUMHS JAMSHORO
 LEARNING OBJECTIVES
 DESCRIBE THE MAIN FUNCTION OF NERVOUS SYSTEM .
 CLASSIFY NERVOUS SYSTEM .
 DESCRIBE THE ORGANIZATION OF PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
 DESCRIBE THE ORGANIZATION OF CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM.
 UNDERSTAND THE PROTECTION AND COVERING OF CNS.
 DEFINE NEURON AND NEUROGLIAL CELLS.
 DIFFERNTIATE NEURON AND NEUROGLIAL CELLS .
WHY ORGANIZATION OF
NERVOUS SYSTEM IS
IMPORTANT
BECAUSE IT CONTROLS ALL BODY ACTIVITIES SUCH AS
ABILITY TO MOVE ,BREATH, SEE ,THINK AND EVEN
EMOTIONS BY TRANSMITTING SIGNALS BETWEEN BRAIN
AND THE REST OF THE BODY INCLUDING INTERNAL ORGAN .
INTRODUCTION OF
NERVOUS SYSTEM
 INTROD UCTION OF NERVOUS
 SYSTEM
NERVOUS SYSTEM IS HIGHLY INTEGRATED SYSTEM , COMPRISES
OF COMPLEX NETWORK OF NERVES AND CELLS THAT CARRY
MESSAGES TO AND FROM THE BRAIN AND THE SPINAL CORD TO
VARIOUS PARTS OF THE BODY .
MAIN FUNCTION OF
NERVOUS SYSTEM
 MAIN FUNCTION OF NERVOUS
 SYSTEM
NERVOUS SYSTEM HAS THREE MAIN FUNCTIONS:
 SENSORY INPUT :
 INTEGRATION:
 MOTOR OUTPUT :
 MAIN FUNCTION OF NERVOUS
 SYSTEM
SENSORY INPUT : GATHERED INFORMATION FROM SENSORY
RECEPTORS .

 INTEGRATION: PROCESSES AND INTERPRETES SENSORY INPUT

 MOTOR OUTPUT : PRODUCE RESPONSE BY ACTIVATING

EFFECTOR ORGAN .
 DIVISION OF
NERVOUS SYSTEM
D IVISION OF NERVOUS SYSTEM
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS)
● IT CONSISTS OF
● BRAIN &
● SPINAL CORD.
● IT IS THE CENTER WHICH RECEIVE ALL SENSORY
INFORMATION AND THEN ANALYZED, INTEGRATED
AND MOTOR RESPONSE IS PLANNED.
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM(PNS)

● IT CONSISTS OF NERVE FIBERS, WHICH CARRY INFORMATION FROM

PERIPHERY TO THE CENTER AND TAKE THE MOTOR DESCISIONS TO THE
PERIPHERY .
● PERIPHERAL NERVES ATTACHED TO THE BRAIN ARE CALLED CRANIAL NERVES .
● AND THOSE ATTACHED WITH SPINAL CORD ARE CALLED SPINAL NERVES.
D IVISION OF NERVOUS SYSTEM
 PERIPHERAL
NERVOUS SYSTEM
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM(PNS)

● PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM DIVIDED INTO :

● SENSORY PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
TAKING THE INFORMATION FROM PERIPHERY TO THE CENTER.
● MOTOR PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
TAKING THE INFORMATION FROM CENTER TO THE PERIPHERY.
SENSORY PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM

● SENSORY PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM COMPRISES OF :

● SPECIAL SENSATIONS

● GENERAL SENSATIONS

.
SENSORY PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
 SPECIAL SENSATIONS :

GENERATED FROM SPECIFIC PARTS OF BODY.

 GENERAL SENSATIONS :

GENERATED FROM ALL PARTS OF BODY.

SOMATIC AND MAY BE VISCERAL

 MOTOR PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM
 SOMATIC VOLUNTARY RESPONSE :

IS UNDER CONTROL .

 AUTONOMIC INVOLUNTARY RESPONSE :

IS NOT IN OUR CONTROL.

 SYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM (THORACOLUMBER DIVISION)

 PARASYMPATHETIC NERVOUS SYSTEM(CRANIOSACRAL DIVISION)
D IVISION OF NERVOUS SYSTEM
CENTRAL NERVOUS
SYSTEM
CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS)
IT CONSISTS OF
 BRAIN
 SPINAL CORD.
 CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM (CNS)
 IT IS FORMED BY NEURONS AND NEUROGLIAL
CELLS
 STRUCTURES OF BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD ARE
ARRANGED IN TWO LAYERS NAMELY
 GREY MATTER AND
 WHITE MATTER
PARTS OF BRAIN
PARTS OF BRAIN
STRUCTURES OF H IND BRAIN
BRAIN
 COVERING AND
PROTECTION OF BRAIN
AND SPINAL CORD
COVERING AND PROTECTION OF
BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD
MENINGES
MENINGES
CELLS OF NERVOUS
SYSTEM
CELLS OF NERVOUS
SYSTEM

● NERVOUS TISSUE COMPRISES OF

TWO TYPES OF CELLS .

● NEURON AND NEUROGLIA

NEURON
NEURON

● NEURON IS THE STRUCTURAL AND

FUNCTIONAL UNIT OF THE NERVOUS
SYSTEM.
HUMAN BRAIN CONTAINS ABOUT 100
BILLION NEURONS
NEUROGLIAL CELLS
NEUROGLIAL CELLS
● NEUROGLIAL CELLS OR GLIAL CELLS ARE
SUPPORTING CELLS PRESENT WITHIN THE
BRAIN AND SPINAL CORD .
NUMBER OF NEUROGLIAL CELLS ARE TEN
TIMES MORE THAN NEURONS .
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN
NEURON AND OTHER
CELLS
 D IFFERENCE BETW EEN NEURON
AND OTH ER CELLS OF BOD Y
NEURON
AXON, DENDRITES AND CELL BODY
NISSIL BODIES PRESENT
NO CENTROSOMES
NO ABILITY TO UNDERGO MITOTIC
DIVISION
OTHER CELLS
NEUCLEUS AND CYTOPLASM
NO NISSIL BODY
CENTROSOME PRESENT
ABILITY TO UNDERG MITOTIC
DIVISION
 SUMMARY
● MAIN FUNCTION OF NERVOUS SYSTEM
● MAIN DIVISION OF NERVOUS SYTEM
● CNS COMPRISES OF WHICH PARTS
● PARTS OF BRAIN
● NAME THE COVERING OF BRAIN
● DIVISION OF PNS
● DEFINE NEURON
● DEFINE NEUROGLIAL CELLS
● DIFFERENCE BETWEEN NEURON AND OTHER CELLS OF BODY
 THANK YOU
ANY QUESTION??