“Come, Gilgamesh, count me your bread-loaves, Ny then you wil learn [the days that you slept) Your [frst] bread-lof [was all dried up] the second was leathery, soggy the third, “the fourth four-cake had turned to white, the fifth had casta mould of grey, fresh-baked was the sixth, Nee [the seventh still on) the coals: and only then did Itouch you. Said Gilgamesh to him, to Uta-napishti the Distant: *O Uta-napishri, what should Ido and where should I go? A thief has taken old of my flesh!) For there in my bed-chamber Death does abide, Xiag and wherever {I} turn, there roo will be Death.” {Said) Ura-napishtito (him, ro the boatman Ur-shanabi “{May] the quay [eject] you, Ur-shanabi, and the ferry scorn you! ‘You who used to walk cis shore, be banished from it now! ‘As forthe man chat you led here, Xie “whose body is tusled with matted hair, ‘whose body's beauty pelts have ruined: take him, Ur-shanabi, lead him to the washrub, ‘have him wash his matted locks as clean as can be! “Let im cast off is pelts, and the sca bear them off, xs Techis body be soaked tll fatt Leta new kerchief be made for his head, let him wear royal robes, che dress iting his dignity! “Unuil he goes home to his city, until he reaches the end ofhis road, Xie lee the robes show no mark, bu stay fresh and new!” ‘Ur-shanabi rook him, and led him tothe washeub. * 1. The Standard Version, Table XI He washed his marred locks as clean as could be, the cast off is pelts, and the sea bore them off His body was soaked til fir, the made anew [kerchief for his hea, Ihe wore royal robes, the dress iting his dignity. "Until he goes [home to his city] anil he reaches the end of his road, Tet the robes show no mark, but stay fresh and] new!” X1270 Gilgamesh and Ur-shanabi boarded the boat, they launched the craft] and crewed i themselves. Said his wife to him, to Ura-napishi the Distant: “Gilgamesh came hereby toil and by travail, ‘yihat have you given for his homeward journey?” xt [And Gilgamesh, he picked up a punting-pole, hebrought the boat back near ro the shore. [Said] Ura-napishei to him, ro Gilgamesh: *You came hese, O Gilgamesh, by tol and by travail what do I give for your homeward journey? xiate Lerme disclose, © Gilgamesh, a matter most secret to you [I will tell a mystery of (gods) “There isa plant that looks] ikea box-thom, ithas prickles like a dog rose, and will [prick one who plucks i, ‘Bur if you can possess chis plant, Xiats [you'll be again as you were in your youth! Just as soon as Gilgamesh heard what he sid, he opened a [channel] Heavy stones he tied [to his fet, ad they pled him dows .. 0 the Ocean Below, Xlise Hetook the plant, and pulled it up, and lifted i the heavy stones he cut lose (from his fet, and the sea cast him up om its shore. Said Gilgamesh go him, to Ur-shanabi the boatman* “This plant, Ur-shanabi, isthe “Plant of Heartbeat", rth ita man can ai is vigour To Urukethe-Sheepfold Iwill take it, to an ancient Iwill feed some and pur the plant to the test! “Uf the ancient grows young again, I will eat it myself, and be once more as I was in my youth!” ‘At twenty leagues they broke bread, atthirty leagues they topped forthe night. Gilgamesh found a pool whose water was cool, down he went ino it, to bathe inthe water. (Of the plant's fragrance a snake caught scent, ‘came up in [silence and bore the plane off Ast ured away itsloughed its skin. ‘Then Gilgamesh sat there weeping, down his checks the tears were coursing, + he spoke] 0 Urshanabi the boatman: “For whom, Ur-shanabi tiled my arms so hard, for whom ran dry the blood of my heart? [Not for myself did find a bounty, [for] the “Lion ofthe Earth” Ihave done a favour “Now far and wide the ide is ising. Having opened the channel I abandoned the tools: ‘what thing would [find that served as my landmark? ‘Had I only turned back, and lef the boat on the shore!” Ar cwenty leagues they broke bread, ar thirty leagues they pitched camp. ‘When they arived in Uruk-the-Sheepfld, said Gilgamesh to him, to Ur-shanabi the boatman: “0 Urshanabi climb Uruk’ wall and walk back and forth! ‘Survey its foundations, examine the brickwork! ‘Were its bricks not fred in an oven? ‘Did the Seven Sages not lay its foundations? ‘ x Xie ” 1. The Standard Version, Tabet XI! ‘A square mile is city, a square mile date-grove, a square mile is clay pi, half squate mile the temple of shar: three square miles and a half is Uruk's expanse, Tablet XIl. Appendix “The last Tablet inthe ‘Series of Gilgamesh’, Tablet XII, i not part of the epic at all, bur an Akkadian prose translation of the latter part of the Sumerian povm of Gilgamesh and the Netherworld. It was appended to the epic presumably because of the relevance of the tateril: it describes conditions in the Netherworld, where after his death Gilgamesh presided over the shades ofthe dead. A translation is ven in Chapter 2, following tha ofthe original Sumerian poem.2 The Sumerian Poems of Gilgamesh ‘The five Sumerian poems about Gilgamesh thar were copied ou, with varying degrees of popularity, by would-be scribes in eightench ‘century Babylonian schools arenow mich better known than former and of rwo in particular itis posible ro give much fuller translations than ever before, They are collected here as individual compositions ‘that can be enjoyed for their own sake, bur also to facilitate compar son with the standard Babylonian epic and withthe other material written in Akkadian, Like the Babylonian epic, the Sumerian poems of Gilgamesh are still in the process of construction from hundreds of fa of clay tablets stored in museums in many differnt counties. The ‘more text that is recovered, the more one can observe the stark di ferences between the Sumerian poems and the Babylonian epic, nd the more also one can appreciate how skilfully che Old Babylon. ian poet of the latter worked into a seamless whole the traditions] ‘themes and stories chat were is raw material. Ths snot to say that the poet of the Babylonian epic must have had the Sumerian poems ‘before him, but he knew them, or something very similar, atleast in ‘outline. We cannot yet determine whether this knowledge detived from his own experience of the written tradition in a scribal school, for from a knowledge of whatever Sumerian oral tradition (if any) ‘was still current in his lifetime, or fom a similar oral tradition in Akkadian. The obvious borrowings are the adaptation of the Sumer: ian story of Gilgamesh and Huwawa to furnish the much more claborate narrative ofthe Expedition to the Forest of Cedar in Tab- lets III-V of the standard version of the Babylonian epic, and the simple reworking of the Sumerian tale of Gilgamesh and the Bull of Heaven to yield the episode of Ishtar and the Bull of Heaven a Tablet VI. The most recent discoveries of rextalso reveal that the | - =n ren Perego ecient Soe ee Bieter Stee eenc — at’ Se etareteerenres Soa ee oes ee Sete inne ee eee eee SS = ese Sees eee Sao Searmacewen Sennen Serceiremeneee et ee Seiten naan Serene neers Gees ieee ena Sees gs Gilgamesh and Akka: “The envoys of Akka’ ‘This poem was known in antiquity by is incipit “The envoys of Akis’.Ieis the shortest ofthe Sumerian tals of Gilgamesh and also the bese preserved. It was a favourite copy-text in Old Babylonian ‘schools. Te lifes from the other four Sumerian poems in having no ‘obvious counterpart in the Akkadian material, though the consul ation of the elders and the young men in assembly i a motif alsofound in different context ~in Table Il ofthe standard version of pnveaec Re iteecdnemen ee rgaciaanco ne Seite cipro ES ee eng ee ee ethaeeigsatre hems ee “Toempty the wel to empty the wells ofthe land, to empy the shallow well of he lind, to empry the deep well furnihed with hoisting ropes ‘These lines are usually taken to represent the literal demands of Aka, that the men of Uruk become drawers of water for Kish | assume instead that in describing a menial rask for which there can be no end, the poet conveys figuratively the endless and impossible ‘wil that will follow a surrender of independence. However that may be, the elders counsel submission. Gilgamesh ignores their advice, and puts the same proposal tothe young men of the city. They agree with Gilgamesh. Their reiteration of his proposal is prefaced hy + traditional saying, the gist of which is that to submit to the whims of a royal master i «painful and unpredictable experience, akin to standing behind a donkey. They laud Gilgamesh’s prowess and pre dict the rout of Kish, Gilgamesh orders Enki, who inthis tradition Isis servant, to prepae for war ‘Very soon Aka arrives and lays siege to Uruk. Gilgamesh asks for ‘volunteer to go to Akka and confound his plans. One of Gilgamesh ‘personal guard, the valiant Bichurtura (the reading of the name is uncertain), duly volunteer. As soon as he leaves the city he is ap. tured, beaten and brought before Akka. At that moment the steward ‘of Urukis seen the distance on the city wall and Akka asks Bithus- ‘urea if his is Gilgamesh, Bichurtura replies that itis not but that if ‘it were battle would surely commence and, in an inevitable sequence ‘of events, Akka would be defeated and captured, For his impudence he reccivesa second beating. Gilgamesh himself then climbs on tthe ity wall. As his glory casts a shelter over the weak, the young ‘men prepare for battle and, led by Enkidu, go forth from the gate. ‘Meanwhile, Akka has spotted Gilgamesh on the rampart and asks, wt 4. Gilgamesh and Aka Birhurturra again whether iis his king who stands there, As Bithur- turra replies inthe affirmative the sequence of events takes place just ashe had predicted on the previous occasion; battle eommences and indue course Akka is defeated and caprured. In the denouement Gil- sh addresses Akka as his superior, recalling how Akka had once fiven him safe refuge. Akka asks Gilgamesh to repay his favour and Gilgamesh accordingly lets him go free to Kish, “The envoys of Akka, Enmebaragesi son, came from Kish to Gilgamesh in Uruk. Before his city’s elders Gilgamesh Jaid the matter, seeking a solution: ‘To empty the wells, to empty the wells ofthe land, , to empty the shallow wells ofthe land, toempty the deep wells furnished with hoisting ropes" Jet us not submit to the house of Kish, let us wage wat!” ‘The convened assembly of his city’s elders gave answer to Gilgamesh: is To empty the wells, ro empty the wells ofthe land, twempty the shallow wells of che land, toempty the deep well furnished with hoisting ropes": Jetus submit ro the house of Kish, et us not wage wat” Gilgamesh, the lord of Kullab, 0 placing his rust in the goddess Inanna, took no notice of what his city’s elders said. Before his city’s young men Gilgamesh laid the matter a second time, seeking a solution: To empty the wells, to empty the wells ofthe land, ) to-empty the shallow wells of che land, twempty the deep wels furnished with hoisting ropes lets not submit tothe house of Kish, lee us wage wa ‘The convened assembly of his city’s young men gave answer to Gilgamesh: "To stand on duty to sit in attendance, s to escort the king's son — to hold a donkey by the hindquarters ~ asthey say, who is there has breath for chat? Tetusnot submieo the house of Kish, ler us wage warl‘Uruk, the smithy of the gods, ” ‘Eanna, house come down from heaven ~ ‘the great gods it was who gave them shape ~ ‘loudbank resting on the earth, Se ere eee ST3 15 ‘Lets wager their lofty residence, founded by the god An: they are given into your charge, you ae their king and their (0 crusher of heads, prince beloved of An, ‘when he arrives how will he scare us? ‘That army is small and a rabble atthe rear, its men will not withstand us!" ‘Then Gilgamesh, the lord of Kullab, © hhearé rejoiced in what his city’s young men said, his mood ‘ured bright, he spoke to his servant, Enkidu: "Now make ready the equipment and arms of batle, let weapons of war return to your grasp! Let them create terror and a dread aura, ‘ so when he arrives fear of me overwhelms him, ‘0 his good sense is confounded and his judgement undone!” Je was not five days, i was not ten days Frmebaragesi’s son Aka laid siege to Uruk, ‘and Uruk’s good sense was confounded, Gilgamesh, the lord of Kullab, addressed the c “0 my warriors, Ihave chosen you all, Jetone with courage volunteer, *I will goto Akka!™ Birhurtutra, his royal bodyguard, did homage to his king: {My lord, Iwill go to Akka, good sense is confounded and his judgement undone!” Bishureurra went forth from the city gare. ‘AsBitharturra passed through the city gae, inthe city’s gateway he was taken captive. ‘They battered Bishurtuera from head to toe. He came into the presence of Akka, he addressed Aka. Fie had not finished speaking when the Seward of Uruk climbed on the wal, and raised his head on the rampart. ‘Akl caught sight of him, ‘and addressed Birhurturra: ‘slave, is that man your king That man is nor my king! Were chat man my king, were that his fearsome brow, were those his ison eyes, ‘were that his beard of lapis azul Were those his fingers fine, ‘woulda myriad not have fallen, a myriad not have risen, Would a myriad thereby not have rolled in the dust, ‘would all the nations thereby not have been overwhelmed ‘would the mouths ofthe land thereby not have been filled with dust, would he nor have cut down the horns of the boats 2. Gilpmesh and Aka*y sur nric oF GILGAMESy ‘would he not have made Aka, king of Kish, prisoner in the midst of his army? ‘They hit him and they beat him, battering Bichurturra from head to toe. After the Steward of Uruk, Gilgamesh climbed up onthe wall, (his) dread aura enveloped the old and the young of Kullab, And [put] weapons of wat in the hands of Uruk’s young men. Acthe door ofthe city gate they stood in the roadway, Enki went forth from the city gate Gilgamesh raised his head on the rampart. Looking up, Akka caught sight of him: “Slave, is that man your king? “That man is indeed my king!’ And it wasjust as he had said, 4 myriad did fall, a myriad did ise, a myriad did thereby rol inthe dust, all the nations were thereby overwhelmed, ‘he mouths of the land were thereby filled with dust, Ihe cur down the horns ofthe boat, in the midst of is army he tok prisoner Aka, king of Kish Gilgamesh, the lord of Kullab, addressed Aka: *O Aka, my lieutenant, Akka, my captain, O Aka, my ‘commander, Akka, my gene (© Akcka, my field marshall © Aka, you gave breath, Aka, you gave life © Aka, who took to your bosom a man on the run, (© Aleka, a cunaway bird you sated with grain! Ak “Uruk, the smithy of the Gods, is great eampart, a cloudbank resting on the earth, its lofty residence, founded by the god An, are given into your charge: [repay me] my fvou ee 2. Gilgamesh and Hwa Gilgamesh ‘efore the Sun God I hereby repay you the favour of old” Helet Akka go free to Kish OGilgamesh, lord of Kullab, sweet is your praise! Gilgamesh and Huwawa: ‘The lord to the Living One's Mountain’ and ‘Ho, hurrah!’ ‘The poem of Gilgamesh and Huvwawa was another favourite copy- text in Old Babylonian schools. I tells the story of the expedition 0 the Forest of Cedar, the killing of Huwawa and the felling of the ‘cedar, and itis thus a kindof precursor of Tablets III~V ofthe Baby Jonian epic, though the details of the story are very different. Most significantly, Huwawa is taken captive not by force of arms bur by ttickey, using a ruse divulged to Gilgamesh by the god Enki. The Sumerian poem exists as two distinct compositions, ‘The lond to the Living One's Mountain’, usually called Version A, and "Ho, hutcah!' ‘ually known as Version B (other translations are possible of both titles). The two poems are closely related and have many lines in fommon. To judge from the number of extant manuscripts, Version ‘A was more popular than Version B and its text cam be restored almost entirely. Version B is less complete Infear of death Gilgamesh turns his thoughts to deeds of glory and ‘proposes an expedition tothe fabled Cedar Mountain, where dwelt the Tiving One. This epither apparently refers to its guardian spirit the demigod Huwawa. In early tradition the Cedar Mountain was far in the est, where the sun rose, Gilgamesh’s servant Enkidu tells him that Is should seek the approval ofthe Sun God, Uru (the Sumerian Sha- mash), This Gilgamesh does, giving asthe reason for the expedition thathe has seen the impermanence ofthe human condition and wishes to esablish his fame, Uru grants im the help of seven constellations, ‘which will guide him on his journey. Gilgamesh mobilizes the young ‘men of Uruk, arms them and ses out. The constellations guide him tothe mountains where cedars grow: After crossing seven mountain ‘anges in search ofa suitable tre, finally he finds one to is liking, Without further ado he els he chosen cedar and his companions cutit int logs. Thereupon Hiss the cedars’ guardian, avakes and launches at Gilgamesh one of his auras, the radiant numinous powers that protect him. Gilgamesh and Enki are stunned and fl un conscious. Enkidu comes to and eventually ruses Gilgamesh oo, Gilgamesh swears ro leara more of hee asalan. Enki describes to hi the terrible being chat is Huvwawa but Gilgamesh is conden thatthe ewo of them will scced where one wold i As they approach Huwava's dwelling Gilgamesh is stopped in his stacks and the voice of Huwaw call to him, ling him not 0 be afraid but ro knel on the ground, Gilgamesh then pretends 0 to form a marital alliance with Huwawa and offers him his rs Enmebaragesi and Peshtur, ro be his wives. He promises Hoan ther pleasures of life that are evidently unknown in hs remore ‘mountain lair fine four and water in leathern bores, sandals age and small, choice gemstones and other presents. For theberothal of the sisters and che promise ofeach further git Hiwawa surrenders tne ofhis protective auras, These ae conceptualized as great ed Which Gilgamesh’s men duly cut into logs for the journey hore When Huwawa has no auras eft and is helpless to artack, Gilgamesh shows his true colours. He strikes him and takes him prisoner, Hiwawa then pleads for his life, complaining to Urs of Gilgamesh’ treachery. Gilgamesh shows him princely mercy but Enki wars tha this is too dangerous: if chey ler Huwawa go they will ever se home again. As Huwawa ture on Enkid in anger Enki cus his throat. The heroes take his head tothe god Enlil. Enlil angi asks them why they have illed Hawawes and tells them they should instead have treated him with every courtesy In consunon Eni diseributes Hawa’ sure, Version A: The lord tothe Living One's Mountain’ ‘The lord tothe Living One's Mountain did turn his mind, the lord Gilgamesh to the Living One's Mountain did turn his mind, he called to his servant, Enkidus 0 Enkidu, since no man can escape ifs end, {will enter the mountain and set up my name. ‘ Where names are setup, wil et up my name, where names are not yet setup, l will et up gods’ names” ‘Enkidu his servant answered him: 2. imesh and Hawa ‘My lord, if you are ro enter the mountain, the gd Utu should be informed, Unt, Young Hero Uru should be informed! ” ‘Things to do with the mountain are Utu's concern, things to do with Cut-Cedar Mountain are Young Hero Uru's concern, Uti should be informed” Gilgamesh rook a white kid in hand, asan animal offering he held a brown kid this breast. “The pure staff in his hand he eld a his nose, " be addressed Utu of Heaven: £0 Unu, am to enter the mountain, be you my helper! am to enter Cut-Cedar Mountain, be you my helper!” ‘Unu answered him from heaven: ‘Young man, in your own place you are a nobleman, but therein the mountain what would you be?" » 40 Ura, ler me speak a word 0 you, give ear to what say! Letme tell you something, may you give thought it Inmy city a man dies, andthe hear is stricken, ‘aman perishes, and the heart fels pai. Traised my head on the rampart, my gaze fell on a corpse drifting down the river, afloat on the water Tto0 shall become lke that, ust so shall Ibe! No man can strctch tothe sky, no marter how tall, no man can compass a mountain, no matter how broad!” Since no man can escape life's end, bs will enter the mountain and set up my name. ‘Where names are setup, will setup my name, ‘where names are not yer setup, Iwill setup gods’ names.” Uru accepted his tears as he woulda gift, like a man of compassion he showed him pity ” ‘Seven warriors they were, sons of one mother, the ist, their eldest, had paws of lion, talons of an eagle, the second was an [open|-mouthed cobra... the thied an overpowering Dragon Serpent. thefourth a... which kindled fire... ° ‘the fifth a shrieking serpent whose seeech split the uplands, the sixth ikea torrent in spate that battered the mountains, the seventh blasted lik lightning so none could go near it:= THE EPIC OF GILGAMESH these seven the warrior, Young Hero Uru, gave Gilgamesh + the goddess Nissaba has given you in addition, So in the heavens] they shine, on earth they know the paths, [om earth let them zeveal the path [to the east. Jet them bring you to the place in the uplands where boats must be beached.” ‘ ‘Thus he put the Cedar Smiter in happy mood, he put the lord Gilgamesh in happy mood. Ihis city he sounded the horn like a man alone, he blew it as one like two men together. ‘He who has a family, tohis family! He who has a mother, 10 rmothet! ® [Let men who are unattached like me, fifty of them, be at my sid!” "He who had a family, whis family. He who had a mother, to his mother, ‘Men who were unattached like him, ftyof them, were at his side Hie made his way tothe forge, Ihe had them cast war-hatchets and batle-axes of bronze, his ‘weapons of valour. Fe He made his way o the Dark Grove outside the city, hhc had them hew axe shafts of oak and axe shafts of boxwood, {he ser them] inthe hands ofthe sons of his city who were going with him. [Seven] warriors (they were, sans of fone] mother, the fis, cheir lest had paws ofa lion, talons ofan eagle, [the second was an open-mouthed cobra. [the third an overpowering Dragon Serpent [the fourth... which kindled fre.) [the fifth shrieking serpent whose screech split the uplands, {the sixth ikea torrentin spate that bartered the mountains {the seventh blasted like lighening so none ould go neat i) fin the heavens they shone, on earth hey knew the pats, {on earth) they revealed the path [to the eas, they did bring him to the place in the uplands where boas mast beached, “« "He crossed the fist mountain range, he did not find the cedar he waned, he crossed the [second] mountain range he did not find] she cedarhe wanted) ue 2. Gilgemesh and Huwawes he crossed the third mountain range, [he didnot find] the cedar he wanted, he crossed the fourth mountain range, [he didnot find] the cedar he wanted, he crossed the fifth mountain ange, he did not find] the cedar he wanted, he crossed the sixth mountain range, he didnot find the cedar he wanted, Dutcrossing the seventh mountain range, he found the cedar he wanted. He asked no question, he looked no further, Gilgamesh smote the cedar. Enkidu lopped offi branches... for Gilgamesh, “ the sons of his city who had come with him stacked them ina pile With all the commotion Gilgamesh disturbed Huwawa in his air, bre aunched against him his auras of terror. Gilgamesh was overcome [with a stupor}, as fina sleep, {Enki was beser [with torpor), as ifin a daze, “Thesons of his city who had gone with him like tle puppies lay shivering at his feet. r Enkidu awoke, ic had been a dream, he shuddered, it had been a b deep sleep. He rubbed his eyes, there was desolate silence $e touched him with his hand, bur could not rouse him, Ae spoke to him, bu ecivednoeeply: *You who lie, you who le, S Gilgamesh, young lord of Kulla, how long will you le? mountain i dark, the shadows cast overt, the sunbeams of even are gone, ead eld high the Sun has gone vo the hosom of Ningl, his mother: show long will ou Lie? ® sons of your city, who came with you, keep them waiting for you athe fot ofthe mountain, edice the mothers who bore them to spinning yarn in the square of your cry![This message) he placed in his right ear, hs warriors word covered him like cloth i He (Gilgamesh) rook in his hands thirty shekels of oil and rubbed hes, hhe stood on the Great Earth like an ox [on all fours}, hhe bent his neck to the ground and gave voice: “By the life of the mother who bore me, the goddess Ninsun, and ‘my father, che pure Lugalbanda! ‘Should I behave asi in terror on the knees of Ninsun, the mother who bore me? = ‘And fora second rime he said to him: "By the lfe ofthe mother who bore me, the goddess Ninsun, and my father, the pure Lugalbandal Until I discover whether that fellow isa man ora god, ‘my mountain-bound feet I shall not turn home ro the city!” ‘The servant ~ makes life pleasant, makes life sweet = * made answer to his master: “My lord, you have not set eyes on thar fellow, your hearts not stricken, bur Ihave set eyes on him, my heart is stricken: ‘warrior he is, his teeth the teeth of a dragon, his eye the eye ofa lon! = His chests a torrent in spate, his brow devours the canebrake, none can go near him, (like) a man-eating lion, (his tongue] is never sated with blood. “My lord, you go on up the mountain, but let me go home tothe city: | will tell your mother you lived, so she laughs for joy, then Iwill tll your mother you died, so she wails with grief.” sos “Sern O Enki Two men ogee wl not die: araftof rend ‘no man can cut a three-ply ope, a flood cannot sweep a man down from a wall, fie ina reed hut cannot be extinguished! ‘You join with me, 1 will join with you, what can anyone do to us then? 1 “After it sank, after it sank, after the boat from Magan sank, after the barge sank, the cargo-boat sank, «raft of reed was the boat that saved lives, it did not sink.” EB 2. Gilgamesh and Hwa Seto, let us go to him, le us set eyes on him! a Quick, let us go ro him! “Frights countered with fright, eunning with cunning!” However you fee, se oy lerus goto im!” [Noman goes nearer than sixty pole-lengths, tnd already Huwawa has occupied his house of cedar. He turns his eye upon one, iis the eye of death, heshakes his head atone, itis the gesture that pronounces cone guilty. ‘When he addresses one, he does not mince words: ‘Able fellow that you are, you will nor go home to the city of the ‘mother who bore you!” Ino his muscles, nto his feet the terror flooded, his aura of terror flooded, (Gilgamesh) could not move his foot from the ground. His foot was held fast by his big to, inhis flank, in his... it flooded “Ho, hurrah Tall-growa sapling, able one in whom the gods delight, angry 0x standing ready for combat, wel knew your mother how to make a child, well knew your nurse how ro suckle a baby! Benot afraid, place both hands on the ground!” e “He placed both hands on che ground, then he said vo him "By the life of the mother who bore me, the goddess Ninsun, and ry father, the pure Lugalbanda! ‘Where you dwell on che mountain, iis nor known! Where you dell on che mountain, i should be known: Teeme send you my older sister Enmebaragesi, to be your wife on the mountain!” id again he said: the life of the mother who bore me, the goddess Ninsun, and my father, the pure Lugalbanda! isnot known! Where you should be known send you my litle sister Pesheur, o be your concubine on the mountain! 4°Give me one of your auras of error, and Iwill become your kinsman His frst aura of terror he gave hit. i “The sons of his city who had come with him lopped ofits branches, lashed them together, and lad it down a the foot of the mountain. [And a second time he sds] ['B) the life of the mother who bore me, the goddess Ninsun, and my father, the pure Lugalbanda!) [Where you dwell onthe mountain, itis not known! Where ‘you dwell on the mountain, i should be known:) [let me bring you in the mountain...) [So may I not then jin your family?) {Give me one of your auras of terror, and I will become your kinsman” His second aura of terror he gave him. “The sons of his city who had come with him ee lopped off is branches, lashed them together, and laid it down at the foot ofthe mountain, And a thied time he sid: “By the life ofthe mother who bore me, the godess Ninsun, and my father, the pure Lugalbandat ‘Where you dwell onthe mountain, itis not known! Where you dwell on che mountain, it should be known: Jet me bring you in the mountain finest quality flour, such s the great gods eat and asks of cool water. So may Inot the oin your family? Give me one of your aura of terror, and Iwill become your kinsman! His third aura of terror he gave him. The sons of his ity who had come with him lopped ofits branches, lashed them together, and laid it down atthe foot ofthe mountain, And a fourth time he said: “By the life ofthe mother who bore me, the goddess Ninsun, and my father, the pure Lugalbandat 2. Gilpomesh and Hiss Where you dwell onthe mountain itis nor known! you dvell onthe mountain tshold bebo Jet me bring you [in the mountain] big oe SomayTnoethen join your fms? Give me oe of your auras of tert, and wi sme ono Iwill become your Hisfourth ara of ror he av hin, ‘The sons of icity who had come wit him Joppet ois ranches lashed hem og, nd nic down athe for ofthe mouse i sandal for big fet. Anda ith ime he i "Bp the life of the mother who bore me the oldss Nis, and my father, the pure Lugalbandat ee Spars you elon th moun tot known Whee Gouda on the mountain, iahould belacens Jem bingyou inthe mourn ileus try kf Soimay no chen join your aml? Givemeone of your urs of terran wll come your vinsmant Hs th aura of ror be gave him, Te sens ofa cy who hud come with hi Fe atch lcd temo, tai is down ate fot of he mountain [And a sixth time he said: ‘By the life of the mother who bore me, the goddess ‘Ninsun, and my father, the pure Lugalbanda! ‘Where you dwell on the mountain, isnot known! Whete ‘you dwell on the mountain, i should be known: Jet me bring you in the mountain rock erystal, chalcedony and lapis lazuli, So may I not chen join your family? Give me one of your auras of terror, and wll become your kinsman!” “His sixth aura of terror he gave him. ‘The sons of his city who had come with him Jopped off its branches, lashed them together, ‘and laid it down at the foot of the mountain,