MAYAPYAP Project MELC (Managing and Enhancing Learning through Contextualization)

National High School STUDENT LEARNING GUIDE IN SCIENCE 7

Quarter II, Week 7

Lesson 7: Ecological Relationships

MOST ESSENTIAL LEARNING COMPETENCY

S7LT-IIh-10: Describe the different ecological relationships found in an

ecosystem.

In this set of activities, you should:

1. identify the ecological relationships that exists between and among organisms
in an ecosystem; and
2. make a collage showing the ecological relationships of organisms in the
ecosystem.

WHAT YOU NEED TO REMEMBER

Good day future scientist! I hope all is well. Prepare yourself because today you will
showcase your creativity and originality.
In our environment there are plants, animals, and other
organisms interacting with each other. Interactions and
relationships exist in an ecosystem in search for food, shelter, and protection.
In a community, interactions within and among population may have important
influences on death and birth of the organisms and, in turn, on population’s growth and size.
These interactions may have positive, neutral, or even negative influences on interacting
population.

Type of Ecological Relationships/Interactions

1. Mutualism (+/+)
 Definition: When two interacting species benefit each other by mutually
increasing both species’ chances of survival and reproduction
 Example: bee and flower

Source:
https://i.insider.com/5c5bfc75eb3ce82
a6e556d23?width=700
2. Commensalism (+/0)
 Definition: Species interactions in which one species benefit, but the other is
neither harmed nor helped
 Example: fish hide in coral reefs and gain protection from predators without
affecting the reefs

Source: https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1595503240812-
7286dafaddc1?
ixid=MnwxMjA3fDB8MHxzZWFyY2h8Mnx8Y29yYWwlMjByZWV
3. Parasitism (+/-) mJTIwZmlzaHxlbnwwfHwwfHw%3D&ixlib=rb-
1.2.1&w=1000&q=80

 Definition: an interaction in which one organism (the parasite) lives on or in

another organism (the host)
 Key Distinctions: Many parasites are necessary to harm a host, as each only
has a small effect
 Examples: tapeworms, bacteria, pathogens (parasites that cause disease)

Source:
https://www.carygastro.com/uploads/_1200x720_crop_cent

4. Predation (+/-) er-center_100/image-of-tapeworms-in-digestive-tract.jpg

 Definition: an interaction in which one animal typically kills and consumes

another animal
 Examples: snake eating rat, crocodile eating chicken

Source: https://media.istockphoto.com/photos/closeup-of-a-coiled-
black-snake-killing-its-choked-prey-picture-id1248318136?
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k=20&m=1248318136&s=612x612&w=0&h=F4HxqgRYAqRQXl
MV_7h3uaeK7i35CH3rJNRp-FeE32E=
 5. Competition (-/-)
 Definition: the struggle of individuals to obtain a shared limiting resource
 Competitive Exclusion Principle: Two different species cannot share the
same resource in the same conditions; one will always be excluded from
the resource if it has a competitive disadvantage
 Resource Partitioning: Different species can share, or partition, the same
resource if they have different behaviors in using that resource
 Example: coyotes and wolves hunt similar prey, but at different times of
day, which allows them to coexist Source: https://biologydictionary.net/wp-
content/uploads/2018/10/Intraspecific-
competition.jpg

YOUR TASKS!

Reminder: DO NOT WRITE ANYTHING ON THIS STUDENT LEARNING GUIDE.

Write your answers on your answer sheet.

Refer to the situation below in answering Enrichment Activity 1 and 2

Graybirds and whitebirds live on

North Island. Both types of birds eat the
berries of the berry bush. The seeds of the
berry bush grow best after the berries are
eaten by birds and dropped elsewhere
around the island.
Whitebirds are also found on
nearby South Island. The white birds on
South Island eat berries and the nuts of the
nut tree.
Rats are found on both islands.
Berries and bird eggs are favorite foods of
the rats.

Enrichment Activity 1: Complete the table below. Identify the ecological relationships that exists between and
among organisms in the North Island. (1 point each)

NORTH ISLAND
Organism 1 Organism 2 Ecological Relationship
1.
2.
Enrichment Activity 2: Complete the table below. Identify the ecological relationships that exists between and
among organisms in the South Island. (1 point each)
SOUTH ISLAND
Organism 1 Organism 2 Ecological Relationship
1.
2.

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Performance Task 4: Create a photo collage on the different ecological relationships found in the ecosystem by
cutting out pictures and pasting it in a separate sheet of long bond paper or in your answer sheet. (15
points)

Rubrics for the Photo Collage

Criteria 5 points 3 points 1 point

Concept/Idea The concept or idea The concept or idea is The concept or idea
is very clear and incomplete. does not relate to the
understandable. topic.
Organization Information is very Information is The information is
organized organized but lacks not organized.
with clear titles and titles and labels.
labels.
Presentation The photo collage is The photo collage The photo collage is not
very attractive, very is attractive, attractive and not
well organized organized but organized.
and neat. messy.

WRAP-UP ACTIVITY

Write the type of relationship/interaction shown by the following organisms (Predation, Parasitism,
Mutualism, Commensalism, Competition). (1 point each)
1. Barnacles enjoy free ride on a whale
2. A snake feeding on a rat
3. Remora and shark
4. Lice on girl’s scalp
5. Ants and aphids

REFERENCES

Asuncion, A.J., Catalan, M.H.D.H., Catris, L.V., Ferido, M.B., Gutierrez, J.R.M., Mantala, M.A.B. … Treyes,
R.S. (2017). Science 7 Learner’s Material (pp. 151-154). Pasig City: FEP Printing Corporation

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AMNH.org (2016). Five Tools and Processes for NGSS. Retrieved from
https://www.amnh.org/content/download/133215/2214997/file/Tool%205%20HOs_FINAL.pdf

Science Grade 7, Second Quarter-Module 6: Ecological Relationships (pp. 1, 5, 32). DepEd Region 10

This Student Learning Guide will be discussed during Online Consultation on the following schedule.
8th Week of 2nd Quarter
Wednesday & Thursday
1:00pm -3:00pm

Visit your Official Facebook Class Group.

Search MNHS (Subject Area) (Surname of your subject teacher, School Year)
Example: MNHS Science 7 Sanchez/Manuzon/Mateo/Pacquing, SY 2021-2022

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